rsync命令常用参数详解

1、语法

Usage: rsync [OPTION]… SRC [SRC]… DEST
or rsync [OPTION]… SRC [SRC]… [USER@]HOST:DEST
or rsync [OPTION]… SRC [SRC]… [USER@]HOST::DEST
or rsync [OPTION]… SRC [SRC]… rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST
or rsync [OPTION]… [USER@]HOST:SRC [DEST]
or rsync [OPTION]… [USER@]HOST::SRC [DEST]
or rsync [OPTION]… rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST]
The ‘:’ usages connect via remote shell, while ‘::’ & ‘rsync://’ usages connect
to an rsync daemon, and require SRC or DEST to start with a module name.

2、常用参数

-v, --verbose               increase verbosity
-a, --archive               archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X)
-z, --compress              compress file data during the transfer

-a, --archive 归档模式,表示以递归方式传输文件,并保持所有文件属性,等于-rlptgoD

-v, --verbose 详细模式输出

-z, --compress 对备份的文件在传输时进行压缩处理

--delete 删除那些DST中SRC没有的文件

--force 强制删除目录,即使不为空

-e 'ssh -p 30022' (这里用来指定ssh端口,默认22)

--exclude=workspace(同步/var/lib/jenkins/目录下除workspace外的所有内容)

例子

同步远程服务器上的目录到本地

rsync -avz --delete --force --exclude=workspace -e 'ssh -p 30022' root@remoutehost_ip:/var/lib/jenkins/ /data/jenkins/

命令解析:该命令是将远程服务器上/var/lib/jenkins/目录下的所有(除了workspace)文件及目录(不包含jenkins目录,如果想连同目录本身被同步,/var/lib/jenkins后不能加/,即/var/lib/jenkins)同步到当前服务器的/data/jenkins/目录下

3、参数详解


Options
 -v, --verbose               increase verbosity
     --info=FLAGS            fine-grained informational verbosity
     --debug=FLAGS           fine-grained debug verbosity
     --msgs2stderr           special output handling for debugging
 -q, --quiet                 suppress non-error messages
     --no-motd               suppress daemon-mode MOTD (see manpage caveat)
 -c, --checksum              skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size
 -a, --archive               archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X)
     --no-OPTION             turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D)
 -r, --recursive             recurse into directories
 -R, --relative              use relative path names
     --no-implied-dirs       don't send implied dirs with --relative
 -b, --backup                make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir)
     --backup-dir=DIR        make backups into hierarchy based in DIR
     --suffix=SUFFIX         set backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir)
 -u, --update                skip files that are newer on the receiver
     --inplace               update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE)
     --append                append data onto shorter files
     --append-verify         like --append, but with old data in file checksum
 -d, --dirs                  transfer directories without recursing
 -l, --links                 copy symlinks as symlinks
 -L, --copy-links            transform symlink into referent file/dir
     --copy-unsafe-links     only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed
     --safe-links            ignore symlinks that point outside the source tree
     --munge-links           munge symlinks to make them safer (but unusable)
 -k, --copy-dirlinks         transform symlink to a dir into referent dir
 -K, --keep-dirlinks         treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir
 -H, --hard-links            preserve hard links
 -p, --perms                 preserve permissions
 -E, --executability         preserve the file's executability
     --chmod=CHMOD           affect file and/or directory permissions
 -A, --acls                  preserve ACLs (implies --perms)
 -X, --xattrs                preserve extended attributes
 -o, --owner                 preserve owner (super-user only)
 -g, --group                 preserve group
     --devices               preserve device files (super-user only)
     --copy-devices          copy device contents as regular file
     --specials              preserve special files
 -D                          same as --devices --specials
 -t, --times                 preserve modification times
 -O, --omit-dir-times        omit directories from --times
 -J, --omit-link-times       omit symlinks from --times
     --super                 receiver attempts super-user activities
     --fake-super            store/recover privileged attrs using xattrs
 -S, --sparse                handle sparse files efficiently
     --preallocate           allocate dest files before writing them
 -n, --dry-run               perform a trial run with no changes made
 -W, --whole-file            copy files whole (without delta-xfer algorithm)
 -x, --one-file-system       don't cross filesystem boundaries
 -B, --block-size=SIZE       force a fixed checksum block-size
 -e, --rsh=COMMAND           specify the remote shell to use
     --rsync-path=PROGRAM    specify the rsync to run on the remote machine
     --existing              skip creating new files on receiver
     --ignore-existing       skip updating files that already exist on receiver
     --remove-source-files   sender removes synchronized files (non-dirs)
     --del                   an alias for --delete-during
     --delete                delete extraneous files from destination dirs
     --delete-before         receiver deletes before transfer, not during
     --delete-during         receiver deletes during the transfer
     --delete-delay          find deletions during, delete after
     --delete-after          receiver deletes after transfer, not during
     --delete-excluded       also delete excluded files from destination dirs
     --ignore-missing-args   ignore missing source args without error
     --delete-missing-args   delete missing source args from destination
     --ignore-errors         delete even if there are I/O errors
     --force                 force deletion of directories even if not empty
     --max-delete=NUM        don't delete more than NUM files
     --max-size=SIZE         don't transfer any file larger than SIZE
     --min-size=SIZE         don't transfer any file smaller than SIZE
     --partial               keep partially transferred files
     --partial-dir=DIR       put a partially transferred file into DIR
     --delay-updates         put all updated files into place at transfer's end
 -m, --prune-empty-dirs      prune empty directory chains from the file-list
     --numeric-ids           don't map uid/gid values by user/group name
     --usermap=STRING        custom username mapping
     --groupmap=STRING       custom groupname mapping
     --chown=USER:GROUP      simple username/groupname mapping
     --timeout=SECONDS       set I/O timeout in seconds
     --contimeout=SECONDS    set daemon connection timeout in seconds
 -I, --ignore-times          don't skip files that match in size and mod-time
 -M, --remote-option=OPTION  send OPTION to the remote side only
     --size-only             skip files that match in size
     --modify-window=NUM     compare mod-times with reduced accuracy
 -T, --temp-dir=DIR          create temporary files in directory DIR
 -y, --fuzzy                 find similar file for basis if no dest file
     --compare-dest=DIR      also compare destination files relative to DIR
     --copy-dest=DIR         ... and include copies of unchanged files
     --link-dest=DIR         hardlink to files in DIR when unchanged
 -z, --compress              compress file data during the transfer
     --compress-level=NUM    explicitly set compression level
     --skip-compress=LIST    skip compressing files with a suffix in LIST
 -C, --cvs-exclude           auto-ignore files the same way CVS does
 -f, --filter=RULE           add a file-filtering RULE
 -F                          same as --filter='dir-merge /.rsync-filter'
                             repeated: --filter='- .rsync-filter'
     --exclude=PATTERN       exclude files matching PATTERN
     --exclude-from=FILE     read exclude patterns from FILE
     --include=PATTERN       don't exclude files matching PATTERN
     --include-from=FILE     read include patterns from FILE
     --files-from=FILE       read list of source-file names from FILE
 -0, --from0                 all *-from/filter files are delimited by 0s
 -s, --protect-args          no space-splitting; only wildcard special-chars
     --address=ADDRESS       bind address for outgoing socket to daemon
     --port=PORT             specify double-colon alternate port number
     --sockopts=OPTIONS      specify custom TCP options
     --blocking-io           use blocking I/O for the remote shell
     --stats                 give some file-transfer stats
 -8, --8-bit-output          leave high-bit chars unescaped in output
 -h, --human-readable        output numbers in a human-readable format
     --progress              show progress during transfer
 -P                          same as --partial --progress
 -i, --itemize-changes       output a change-summary for all updates
     --out-format=FORMAT     output updates using the specified FORMAT
     --log-file=FILE         log what we're doing to the specified FILE
     --log-file-format=FMT   log updates using the specified FMT
     --password-file=FILE    read daemon-access password from FILE
     --list-only             list the files instead of copying them
     --bwlimit=RATE          limit socket I/O bandwidth
     --outbuf=N|L|B          set output buffering to None, Line, or Block
     --write-batch=FILE      write a batched update to FILE
     --only-write-batch=FILE like --write-batch but w/o updating destination
     --read-batch=FILE       read a batched update from FILE
     --protocol=NUM          force an older protocol version to be used
     --iconv=CONVERT_SPEC    request charset conversion of filenames
     --checksum-seed=NUM     set block/file checksum seed (advanced)
 -4, --ipv4                  prefer IPv4
 -6, --ipv6                  prefer IPv6
     --version               print version number
(-h) --help                  show this help (-h is --help only if used alone)

Use "rsync --daemon --help" to see the daemon-mode command-line options.
rsync参数的具体解释如下: 

-v, --verbose 详细模式输出 

-q, --quiet 精简输出模式 

-c, --checksum 打开校验开关,强制对文件传输进行校验 

-a, --archive 归档模式,表示以递归方式传输文件,并保持所有文件属性,等于-rlptgoD 

-r, --recursive 对子目录以递归模式处理 

-R, --relative 使用相对路径信息 

-b, --backup 创建备份,也就是对于目的已经存在有同样的文件名时,将老的文件重新命名为~filename。可以使用--suffix选项来指定不同的备份文件前缀。 

--backup-dir 将备份文件(如~filename)存放在在目录下。 

-suffix=SUFFIX 定义备份文件前缀 

-u, --update 仅仅进行更新,也就是跳过所有已经存在于DST,并且文件时间晚于要备份的文件。(不覆盖更新的文件) 

-l, --links 保留软链结 

-L, --copy-links 想对待常规文件一样处理软链结 

--copy-unsafe-links 仅仅拷贝指向SRC路径目录树以外的链结 

--safe-links 忽略指向SRC路径目录树以外的链结 

-H, --hard-links 保留硬链结 

-p, --perms 保持文件权限 

-o, --owner 保持文件属主信息 

-g, --group 保持文件属组信息 

-D, --devices 保持设备文件信息 

-t, --times 保持文件时间信息 

-S, --sparse 对稀疏文件进行特殊处理以节省DST的空间 

-n, --dry-run现实哪些文件将被传输 

-W, --whole-file 拷贝文件,不进行增量检测 

-x, --one-file-system 不要跨越文件系统边界 

-B, --block-size=SIZE 检验算法使用的块尺寸,默认是700字节 

-e, --rsh=COMMAND 指定使用rsh、ssh方式进行数据同步 

--rsync-path=PATH 指定远程服务器上的rsync命令所在路径信息 

-C, --cvs-exclude 使用和CVS一样的方法自动忽略文件,用来排除那些不希望传输的文件 

--existing 仅仅更新那些已经存在于DST的文件,而不备份那些新创建的文件 

--delete 删除那些DST中SRC没有的文件 

--delete-excluded 同样删除接收端那些被该选项指定排除的文件 

--delete-after 传输结束以后再删除 

--ignore-errors 及时出现IO错误也进行删除 

--max-delete=NUM 最多删除NUM个文件 

--partial 保留那些因故没有完全传输的文件,以是加快随后的再次传输 

--force 强制删除目录,即使不为空 

--numeric-ids 不将数字的用户和组ID匹配为用户名和组名 

--timeout=TIME IP超时时间,单位为秒 

-I, --ignore-times 不跳过那些有同样的时间和长度的文件 

--size-only 当决定是否要备份文件时,仅仅察看文件大小而不考虑文件时间 

--modify-window=NUM 决定文件是否时间相同时使用的时间戳窗口,默认为0 

-T --temp-dir=DIRDIR中创建临时文件 

--compare-dest=DIR 同样比较DIR中的文件来决定是否需要备份 

-P 等同于 --partial 

--progress 显示备份过程 

-z, --compress 对备份的文件在传输时进行压缩处理 

--exclude=PATTERN 指定排除不需要传输的文件模式 

--include=PATTERN 指定不排除而需要传输的文件模式 

--exclude-from=FILE 排除FILE中指定模式的文件 

--include-from=FILE 不排除FILE指定模式匹配的文件 

--version 打印版本信息 

--address 绑定到特定的地址 

--config=FILE 指定其他的配置文件,不使用默认的rsyncd.conf文件 

--port=PORT 指定其他的rsync服务端口 

--blocking-io 对远程shell使用阻塞IO 

-stats 给出某些文件的传输状态 

--progress 在传输时现实传输过程 

--log-format=formAT 指定日志文件格式 

--password-file=FILE 从FILE中得到密码 

--bwlimit=KBPS 限制I/O带宽,KBytes per second 

-h, --help 显示帮助信息 

你可能感兴趣的:(rsync)