TCP传输
Socket和ServerSocket
- 建立客户端和服务器端
- 建立连接后,通过Socket中的IO流进行数据的传输
- 关闭socket
同样,客户端与服务器端是两个独立的应用程序。
1.TCP分客户端和服务端。
2.客户端对应的对象是Socket。服务端对应的对象是ServerSocket。
客户端
通过查阅sockent对象,发现在该独享建立时,就可以去链接指定主机。因为tcp是面向连接的。所以在建立socket服务时,就要有服务端存在,并连接成功。形成通路后,在该通道进行数据的传输。
需求:给服务端发送一个文本数据。
步骤:
- 1.创建Socket服务,并指定要连接的主机和端口。
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TcpClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
//创建客户端的socket服务,指定目的主机和端口
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.1.101",10003);
//为了发送数据,应该获取socket流中的输出流。
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("tcp ge men lai le".getBytes());
s.close();
}
}
class TcpServer
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
//建立服务端socket服务。并监听一个端口
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10003);
//通过accept方法获取连接过来的客户端对象。
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+"......connected");
//获取客户端发送过来的数据,那么要使用客户端对象的读取流来读取数据。
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
s.close();//关闭客户端
}
}
需求:定义端点接收数据并打印在控制台上。
服务端:
- 1.建立服务端的socket服务。ServerSocket();并监听一个端口。
- 2.获取连接过来的客户端对象。通过ServerSocket的accept方法。没有连接就会等,所以这个方法阻塞式的。
- 3.客户端如果发过来数据,那么服务端要使用对应的客户端对象,并获取到该客户端对象的读取流来读取发过来的数据。并打印在控制台。
- 4.关闭服务端。(可选)
客户端
- 1.建立socket服务。指定要连接主机和端口。
- 2.获取socket流中的输出流。将数据写到该流中。通过网络发送给服务端。
- 3.获取socket流中的输入流,将服务端反馈的数据获取到,并打印。
- 4.关闭客户端资源。
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TcpClient0
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.22.38",10004);
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("服务端,你好".getBytes());
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
s.close();
}
}
class TcpServer0
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10004);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+".....connected");
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("哥们收到,你也好".getBytes());
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo0 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}
服务端收到数据后,等待5秒给客户端发送消息。
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TcpClient0
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.22.38",10004);
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
out.write("服务端,你好".getBytes());
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
s.close();
}
}
class TcpServer0
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10004);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+".....connected");
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int len = in.read(buf);
System.out.println(new String(buf,0,len));
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
Thread.sleep(5000);
out.write("哥们收到,你也好".getBytes());
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo0 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}
需求:建立一个文本转换服务器。客户端给服务端发送文本,服务端会将文本转成大写再返回给客户端。而且客户端可以不断的进行文本转换。当客户端输入over时,转换结束。
分析:
客户端:
既然是操作设备上的数据,那么就可以使用io技术,并按照io的操作规律来思考。
源:键盘录入。
目的:网络设备,网络输出流。
而且操作的是文本数据。可以选择字符流。
步骤:
- 1.建立服务。
- 2.获取键盘录入。
- 3.将数据发给服务端。
- 4.获取服务端返回的大写数据。
- 5.结束,关资源。
都是文本数据,可以使用字符流进行操作,同时提高效率,加入缓冲。
服务端:
源:socket读取流。
目的:socket输出流。
都是文本,装饰。
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TransClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27",10005);
//定义读取键盘数据的流对象
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
//定义目的,将数据写入到socket输出流,发给服务端。
BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
//定义一个socket读取流,读取服务端返回的大写信息。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
if ("over".equals(line))
break;
bufOut.write(line);
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println("server:"+str);
}
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TransServer
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10005);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+"......connected");
//读取Socket读取流中的数据。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
//目的。socket输出流。将大写数据写入到socket输出流,并发送给客户端。
BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufIn.readLine())!=null)
{
System.out.println(line);
bufOut.write(line.toUpperCase());
}
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}
增加刷新缓冲区flush,还是没有数据。
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TransClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27",10005);
//定义读取键盘数据的流对象
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
//定义目的,将数据写入到socket输出流,发给服务端。
BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
//定义一个socket读取流,读取服务端返回的大写信息。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
if ("over".equals(line))
break;
bufOut.write(line);
bufOut.flush();
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println("server:"+str);
}
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TransServer
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10005);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+"......connected");
//读取Socket读取流中的数据。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
//目的。socket输出流。将大写数据写入到socket输出流,并发送给客户端。
BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufIn.readLine())!=null)
{
System.out.println(line);
bufOut.write(line.toUpperCase());
}
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}
此例子出现的问题。现象:客户端和服务端都在莫名的等待。为什么呢?因为客户端和服务端都有阻塞式方法。这些方法没有读到结束标记。那么就一直等待而导致两端都在等待。增加结束标记后解决:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TransClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27",10005);
//定义读取键盘数据的流对象
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
//定义目的,将数据写入到socket输出流,发给服务端。
BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
//定义一个socket读取流,读取服务端返回的大写信息。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
if ("over".equals(line))
break;
bufOut.write(line);
bufOut.newLine();
bufOut.flush();
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println("server:"+str);
}
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TransServer
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10005);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+"......connected");
//读取Socket读取流中的数据。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
//目的。socket输出流。将大写数据写入到socket输出流,并发送给客户端。
BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufIn.readLine())!=null)
{
System.out.println(line);
bufOut.write(line.toUpperCase());
bufOut.newLine();
bufOut.flush();
}
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}
用PrintWriter简化写法
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TransClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27",10005);
//定义读取键盘数据的流对象
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
//定义目的,将数据写入到socket输出流,发给服务端。
// BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
//定义一个socket读取流,读取服务端返回的大写信息。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
if ("over".equals(line))
break;
out.println(line);
// bufOut.write(line);
// bufOut.newLine();
// bufOut.flush();
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println("server:"+str);
}
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TransServer
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10005);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+"......connected");
//读取Socket读取流中的数据。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
//目的。socket输出流。将大写数据写入到socket输出流,并发送给客户端。
// BufferedWriter bufOut = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufIn.readLine())!=null)
{
System.out.println(line);
out.println(line.toUpperCase());
// bufOut.write(line.toUpperCase());
// bufOut.newLine();
// bufOut.flush();
}
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
}
}
复制文件
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TextClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27",10006);
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IPDemo.java"));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
out.println(line);
}
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println(str);
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TextServer
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10006);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+"......connected");
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("server.txt"),true);
String line = null;
while ((line=bufIn.readLine())!=null)
{
out.println(line);
}
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
pw.println("上传成功");
out.close();
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo2 {
}
发现文件复制成功,但是程序无法结束。解决办法有两种:
- 1.添加自定义结束标识符。如over,时间戳。
over作为结束标记
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TextClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27", 10006);
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IPDemo.java"));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine()) != null) {
out.println(line);
}
out.println("over");
// s.shutdownOutput();//关闭客户端的输出流。相当于给六种加入一个结束标记-1。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println(str);
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TextServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10006);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip + "......connected");
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("server.txt"), true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufIn.readLine()) != null) {
if ("over".equals(line))
break;
out.println(line);
}
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);
pw.println("上传成功");
out.close();
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo2 {
}
时间戳作为结束标记--------------有疑问,为什么不能两次都读取DataInputStream里面时间戳作为结束标记。
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TextClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27", 10006);
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IPDemo.java"));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("客户端得到的时间戳");
System.out.println(time);
dos.writeLong(time);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println("客户端循环里面写入"+line);
out.println(line);
}
// dos.writeLong(time);
out.println(time+"");
// out.println("over");
// s.shutdownOutput();//关闭客户端的输出流。相当于给六种加入一个结束标记-1。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println(str);
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TextServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10006);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip + "......connected");
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(s.getInputStream());
long l = dis.readLong();
System.out.println("服务端得到的时间戳");
System.out.println(l);
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("server.txt"), true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufIn.readLine()) != null) {
// if ("over".equals(line))
// break;
System.out.println("服务端循环里面读取"+line);
if (String.valueOf(l).equals(line))
break;
out.println(line);
}
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(), true);
pw.println("上传成功");
out.close();
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo2 {
}
- 2.使用系统结束标记,s.shutdownOutput();关闭客户端的输出流。相当于给流中加入一个结束标记-1。
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
class TextClient
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
Socket s = new Socket("192.168.23.27",10006);
BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("IPDemo.java"));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
String line = null;
while ((line = bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
out.println(line);
}
s.shutdownOutput();//关闭客户端的输出流。相当于给六种加入一个结束标记-1。
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String str = bufIn.readLine();
System.out.println(str);
bufr.close();
s.close();
}
}
class TextServer
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10006);
Socket s = ss.accept();
String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println(ip+"......connected");
BufferedReader bufIn = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new FileWriter("server.txt"),true);
String line = null;
while ((line=bufIn.readLine())!=null)
{
out.println(line);
}
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
pw.println("上传成功");
out.close();
s.close();
ss.close();
}
}
public class TcpDemo2 {
}