华为防火墙 GRE over IPSec [适用点到点、点到多点]

上期实验分享的是IPSec over GRE ，那么今天分享的实验为基于路由的GRE over IPSec （IPSec安全框架方式），还有一种基于安全策略方式，下期再发
适用于点到点及点到多点场景
坑点，在基于防火墙的ipsec 点到多点场景中最常见的两种部署方案
1、总部采用策略模板的方式与分部建立多条ips
2、总部采用安全策略组方式与分部建立多条ips
但是在over的场景中，以上两种方式并不适用，因为配置方式不同，所以在over的场景中像实现点到多点的部署，就需要将点到点的方式拼凑而成，举个例子，在不over的场景中，1个总部对应10个分部，那总部可以采用策略模板方式，节省配置量，如果在1v10的场景中加上over，那总部则需要写10组配置，分别1-1，1-2，1-3 。。。1-10，目前实验结果是这样的，上期实验中ips over gre 也是写了两组
下面为大家上实验

上正菜

sysname FW1

ipsec proposal 1 \ 设置IPsec提议 1
esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256 \ 设置ESP认证算法为SHA2-256
esp encryption-algorithm aes-256 \ 设置ESP加密算法为AES-256

ike proposal 1 \ 设置IKE提议 1
encryption-algorithm aes-256 \ 设置加密算法为AES-256
dh group14 \ 设置DH组14
authentication-algorithm sha2-256 \ 设置认证算法为SHA2-256
authentication-method pre-share \ 设置认证方法为预共享
integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256 \ 设置完整性算法为HMAC-SHA2-256
prf hmac-sha2-256 \ 设置伪随机函数为HMAC-SHA2-256

ike peer all \ 设置IKE对等体 all
pre-shared-key huawei@123 \ 设置预共享密钥为huawei@123
ike-proposal 1 \ 设置IKE提议 1

ipsec profile fw2 \ 设置IPsec配置文件 fw2
ike-peer all \ 设置IKE对等体 all
proposal 1 \ 设置提议 1

ipsec profile fw3 \ 设置IPsec配置文件 fw3
ike-peer all \ 设置IKE对等体 all
proposal 1 \ 设置提议 1

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
undo shutdown
ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
undo shutdown
ip address 172.16.0.254 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
undo shutdown
ip address 100.1.12.1 255.255.255.252
service-manage ping permit

interface Tunnel0
ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
tunnel-protocol gre
keepalive
source 100.1.12.1
destination 100.1.12.6
ipsec profile fw2

interface Tunnel1
ip address 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
tunnel-protocol gre
keepalive
source 100.1.12.1
destination 100.1.12.10
ipsec profile fw3

firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
add interface Tunnel0
add interface Tunnel1

firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.12.2
ip route-static 10.191.10.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel0
ip route-static 10.191.20.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel1

security-policy
rule name t-un
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name un-t
source-zone untrust
destination-zone trust
source-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name ipsce
source-zone local
source-zone trust
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
destination-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
action permit
rule name to-isp
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit

nat-policy
rule name no-ips
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action no-nat
rule name to-isp
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action source-nat easy-ip

---

sysname FW2

ipsec proposal 1
esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
esp encryption-algorithm aes-256

ike proposal 1
encryption-algorithm aes-256
dh group14
authentication-algorithm sha2-256
authentication-method pre-share
integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256
prf hmac-sha2-256

ike peer fw1
pre-shared-key %^{%#)Z.#CKet>Feql,9H"c@,&5kz!q&CXXd6RrQ}KFDB%^%#
ike-proposal 1

ipsec profile ips
ike-peer fw1
proposal 1

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
undo shutdown
ip address 10.191.10.254 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
undo shutdown
ip address 100.1.12.6 255.255.255.252
service-manage ping permit

interface Tunnel0
ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
tunnel-protocol gre
keepalive
source 100.1.12.6
destination 100.1.12.1
ipsec profile ips

firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
add interface Tunnel0

firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.12.5
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel0

security-policy
rule name t-un
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name un-t
source-zone untrust
destination-zone trust
source-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name ipsce
source-zone local
source-zone trust
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
destination-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
action permit
rule name to-isp
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit

nat-policy
rule name t-un
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action no-nat
rule name to-isp
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action source-nat easy-ip

---

sysname FW3

ipsec proposal 1
esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
esp encryption-algorithm aes-256

ike proposal 1
encryption-algorithm aes-256
dh group14
authentication-algorithm sha2-256
authentication-method pre-share
integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256
prf hmac-sha2-256

ike peer fw1
pre-shared-key huawei@123
ike-proposal 1

ipsec profile ips
ike-peer fw1
proposal 1

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
undo shutdown
ip address 10.191.20.254 255.255.255.0

interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
undo shutdown
ip address 100.1.12.10 255.255.255.252
service-manage ping permit

interface Tunnel0
ip address 22.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
tunnel-protocol gre
keepalive
source 100.1.12.10
destination 100.1.12.1
ipsec profile ips

firewall zone local
set priority 100

firewall zone trust
set priority 85
add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
add interface Tunnel0

firewall zone untrust
set priority 5
add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.12.9
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 Tunnel0

security-policy
rule name t-un
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name un-t
source-zone untrust
destination-zone trust
source-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
source-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit
rule name ipsce
source-zone local
source-zone trust
source-zone untrust
destination-zone local
destination-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
action permit
rule name to-isp
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action permit

nat-policy
rule name t-un
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 172.16.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
destination-address 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action no-nat
rule name to-isp
source-zone trust
destination-zone untrust
source-address 10.191.20.0 mask 255.255.255.0
action source-nat easy-ip

验证
总部 ping 两个分部


查看防火墙的ike sa

从抓包中可以清晰的看见数据包被加密

那如可直到加密报文是否进隧道呢？
看ipsec sa 看接口为隧道口，入方向和出方向都有流量经过，源目ip和抓包也一一相对

仔细的同学会发现，基于路由的方式，ips中没有感兴趣流，是的，它的流量走向完全以靠静态路由的出接口，至于限制谁和谁不通，可以靠防火墙的安全策略来限制。
ips over gre 和gre over ipsec 两者各有优缺点，没法评判谁好谁不好，各需所爱吧