MatrixOne从入门到实战04——MatrixOne的连接和建表

MatrixOne从入门到实战——MatrixOne的连接和建表

本章主要讲述如何使用不同方式连接MatrixOne以及进行表的创建。

连接MatrixOne

使用MySQL Client连接

使用MySQL Client连接mo服务时，我们需要在能够和MO服务通信的机器上准备一个mysql client。

安装MySQL Client

• 卸载mariadb

  # 查询有无相关依赖
  rpm -qa |grep mariadb
  # 卸载相关依赖
  rpm -e xxx
  

• 安装mysql-client

  # 下载以下rpm包
  https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  
  https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  
  https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  # 安装rpm
  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  
  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  
  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.35-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  

使用mysql-client

 mysql -h 192.168.110.170 -P6001 -uroot -p

• 连接成功后

  Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
  Your MySQL connection id is 1001
  Server version: 0.5.0 MatrixOne
  
  Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  
  Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  owners.
  
  Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
  
  mysql> 
  

使用JDBC驱动

Java代码

• 下载JDBC 连接器

• 下载安装JDK

• 具备一款代码编辑工具（IntelliJ IDEA,Eclipse）

• 准备测试数据

  • MatrixOne 建表

    CREATE DATABASE test;
    USE  test;
    CREATE TABLE `user` (`id` int(11) ,`user_name` varchar(255) ,`sex` varchar(255));
    insert into user(id,user_name,sex) values('1', 'weder', 'man'), ('2', 'tom', 'man'), ('3', 'wederTom', 'man');
    select * from user;
    +------+-----------+------+
    | id   | user_name | sex  |
    +------+-----------+------+
    |    1 | weder     | man  |
    |    2 | tom       | man  |
    |    3 | wederTom  | man  |
    +------+-----------+------+          
    

  • 在IDEA中创建工程

    1. 启动IDEA之后，选择左上角的File > New > Project创建一个新的项目工程

    2. 在弹出的对话框中选择Maven > Next > 在Name中输入项目名称 >点击Finish

    3. 项目创建完成后，编辑项目中的pom.xml文件，增加以下内容：

           <dependencies>
               
               <dependency>
                   <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
                   <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
                   <version>5.1.47version>
               dependency>
           dependencies>
       

    4. 然后点击页面右上角的maven的刷新按钮，加载依赖

    5. 此时选择src > main > java目录，鼠标右键点击选择 New > Java Class > 选择Class 并输入类名为：MoDemo

• 编辑代码

  import java.sql.Connection;
  import java.sql.DriverManager;
  import java.sql.ResultSet;
  import java.sql.SQLException;
  import java.sql.Statement;
  
  public class MoDemo {
  
      //test为数据库名称
      // MySQL 8.0 以下版本选择
  //    static final String JdbcDriver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
  //    static final String Url = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.110.173:6001/test";
  
      // MySQL 8.0 以上版本选择
      static final String JdbcDriver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
      static final String Url =
              "jdbc:mysql://192.168.110.173:6001/test?useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=UTC";
  
      //输入连接数据库的用户名与密码
      static final String User = "root";//输入你的数据库用户名
      static final String PassWord = "111";//输入你的数据库连接密码
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          Connection conn = null;
          Statement stmt = null;
          try {
              // 注册 JDBC 驱动
              Class.forName(JdbcDriver);
  
              // 打开链接
              System.out.println("连接数据库...");
              conn = (Connection) DriverManager.getConnection(Url, User, PassWord);
  
              // 执行查询
              System.out.println("输入sql语句后并执行...");
              stmt =  conn.createStatement();
              String sql;
              sql = "select * from user";// 这里填写需要的sql语句
              //执行sql语句
              ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
  
              // 展开结果集数据库
              while (rs.next()) {
                  // 通过字段检索
                  int id = rs.getInt("id");//获取id值
                  String name = rs.getString("user_name");//获取user_name值
                  String sex = rs.getString("sex");//获取sex值
  
                  // 输出数据
                  System.out.println("id: " + id);
                  System.out.println("名字: " + name);
                  System.out.println("性别: " + sex);
              }
              // 完成后关闭
              rs.close();
              stmt.close();
              conn.close();
          } catch (SQLException se) {
              // 处理 JDBC 错误
              se.printStackTrace();
          } catch (Exception e) {
              // 处理 Class.forName 错误
              e.printStackTrace();
          } finally {
              // 关闭资源
              try {
                  if (stmt != null) {
                      stmt.close();
                  }
              } catch (SQLException se2) {
              }
              try {
                  if (conn != null) {
                      conn.close();
                  }
              } catch (SQLException se) {
                  se.printStackTrace();
              }
          }
          System.out.println("\n执行成功！");
      }
  }
  

• 执行结果

  连接数据库...
  输入sql语句后并执行...
  id: 1
  名字: weder
  性别: man
  id: 2
  名字: tom
  性别: man
  id: 3
  名字: wederTom
  性别: man
  
  执行成功！
  

python代码

• 环境要求

  • Python – one of the following:
    • CPython : 3.6 and newer
    • PyPy : Latest 3.x version

  安装PIP

  python3 -m pip install PyMySQL
  

• 准备测试数据

  CREATE DATABASE test;
  USE  test;
  CREATE TABLE `user` (`id` int(11) ,`user_name` varchar(255) ,`sex` varchar(255));
  insert into user(id,user_name,sex) values('1', 'weder', 'man'), ('2', 'tom', 'man'), ('3', 'wederTom', 'man');
  select * from user;
  +------+-----------+------+
  | id   | user_name | sex  |
  +------+-----------+------+
  |    1 | weder     | man  |
  |    2 | tom       | man  |
  |    3 | wederTom  | man  |
  +------+-----------+------+   
  

• 具备一款代码编辑工具 (pycharm) 或者直接在Linux 上编辑python文件

• 编辑代码

  import pymysql.cursors
  
  # Connect to the database
  connection = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',
                               user='dump',
                               password='111',
                               database='test',
                               cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
  
  with connection:
      with connection.cursor() as cursor:
          # Create a new record
          sql = "INSERT INTO user (id,user_name,sex) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)"
          cursor.execute(sql, ('4', 'Jerry', 'man'))
  
      # connection is not autocommit by default. So you must commit to save
      # your changes.
      connection.commit()
  
      with connection.cursor() as cursor:
          # Read a single record
          sql = "SELECT id,user_name,sex FROM user WHERE id=%s"
          cursor.execute(sql, ('4',))
          result = cursor.fetchone()
          print(result)
  

• 执行结果

  {'id': 4, 'user_name': 'Jerry', 'sex': 'man'}
  

建表

目前MatrixOne没有特殊的建表语法，建表时，只需要按照下列语法进行即可

CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db.]table_name
(
    name1 type1,
    name2 type2,
    ...
)

• 示例

  创建普通表

  CREATE TABLE test(a int, b varchar(10));
  

  清空普通表

  目前还不支持truncate语法
  

  删除普通表

  drop table test;
  

  创建带有主键的表**(注意：MatrixOne 表名和列名不区分大小写，大写的表名和列名都会转为小写)**

  CREATE TABLE Persons (
      ID int NOT NULL,
      LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,
      FirstName varchar(255),
      Age int,
      PRIMARY KEY (ID)
  );
  

  查看表：

  MySQL [ssb]> desc persons;
  +-----------+---------+------+------+---------+---------+
  | Field     | Type    | Null | Key  | Default | Comment |
  +-----------+---------+------+------+---------+---------+
  | id        | INT     | NO   | PRI  | NULL    |         |
  | lastname  | VARCHAR | NO   |      | NULL    |         |
  | firstname | VARCHAR | YES  |      | NULL    |         |
  | age       | INT     | YES  |      | NULL    |         |
  +-----------+---------+------+------+---------+---------+
  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  

  主键表目前支持多个字段作为主键，如下面的建表语句：

  MySQL [ssb]> CREATE TABLE Students (
           ID int NOT NULL,
           LastName varchar(255) NOT NULL,
           FirstName varchar(255),
           Age int,
           PRIMARY KEY (ID,LastName)
       );
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
  

  查看表：

  +-----------------------------+---------+------+------+---------+---------+
  | Field                       | Type    | Null | Key  | Default | Comment |
  +-----------------------------+---------+------+------+---------+---------+
  | id                          | INT     | NO   |      | NULL    |         |
  | lastname                    | VARCHAR | NO   |      | NULL    |         |
  | firstname                   | VARCHAR | YES  |      | NULL    |         |
  | age                         | INT     | YES  |      | NULL    |         |
  | __mo_cpkey_002id008lastname | VARCHAR | NO   | PRI  | NULL    |         |
  +-----------------------------+---------+------+------+---------+---------+
  5 rows in set (0.03 sec)
  

  这里会发现有一个隐藏字段是id和lastname结合的一个varchar 类型的字段，用来当做主键。