新概念英语第二册（56）

【New words and expressions】生词和短语（11）

sound                           n. 声音

excitement                  n. 激动，兴奋

handsome                   adj. 漂亮的；美观的

Rolls-Royce                罗尔斯--罗伊斯

Benz                            n. 奔驰

wheel                           n. 轮子

explosion                    n. 爆炸，轰响

course                          n. 跑道；行程

rival                              n. 对手

speed                           v.  疾驶

downhill                      adv. 下坡

★sound        n. 声音

① n. 声音

sound        n. 任何声音都可以

voice         n. 人的声音

noise         n. 和周围不和谐的声音, 躁音

② v. 听起来

③ adj. 合理的（等于 reasonable         adj.合理的, 有道理的, 通情达理的, 讲道理的）

I have a piece of sound advice.      我有一个合理的建议。

soundly        adj. 香甜的

sleep soundly

★excitement          n. 激动, 兴奋

to one's excitement…           令某人激动的是……

The most exciting thing is that…         最令人激动的是……

The most surprising thing about it is that         最令人惊讶的事情是……

It excited me that…        让我激动的是……

★handsome        adj. 漂亮的, 美观的

handsome          adj. 形容男孩, 英俊, 一般与男孩子连如

handsome 与人连用有阳刚的美，与物相连表示美观大方，并表示制作精良；handsome 跟女性连用的时

候就表示这个女孩子有阳刚气，类似女侠的概念

Your husband is handsome.

beautiful 形容人的时候表示内在和外在美的统一, 完美的概念

You look beautiful. Flowers are beautiful. Picture is beautiful.

pretty        adj. 美丽(用于女孩或小孩)，有柔美的意思

pretty 跟男性连用就表示没有阳刚气，女性化Your wife is pretty.

pretty boy / pretty girl / pretty woman

nice           adj. 美好的(人，天气, 食物, 物品的品质等)

You are nice.       你长得不错

lovely         adj. 可爱的

This is a lovely story.         这是一个可爱的故事

good-looking           adj. 很好看的

smart          adj. 小巧而美丽的(物)或时髦而美丽的(人) She is smart.

cute             adj.漂亮, 常用来形容小孩

The baby is cute.

What a cute baby!        多漂亮的宝宝啊! How cute you are!                                         你多漂亮啊!(可爱啊!)

★explosion             n. 爆炸, 轰响

explosive           n. 爆炸物,炸药；adj. 爆炸(性)的, 爆发(性)的, 暴露

explode           vt. 使爆炸；vi. 爆炸, 爆发, 破除, 推翻, 激发

bomb          n. 炸弹；vt. 投弹于, 轰炸

The bomb exploded.

★course             n. 跑道，行程

① n. 跑道，行程

on the course       按照轨道运行

off course        偏离轨道

of course      当然

② n. 课程

This term, I took/take seven courses.       这学期我学了七门课

★rival             n. 对手

competition        n. 竞争, 竞赛

The person who takes part in the competition. competitor                              n. 竞争者, 对手

opposite          n. 相反的事物；adj. 相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的, 对等的, 对应的

opponent        n. 对手, 反对者(持反对意见的人, 如辩论赛上的和政治上的) enemy n. 敌人

rival         adj. 势均力敌的；n. 势均力敌的对手

★speed（sped，sped）   v. 疾驶

① v. 疾驶，急行

The police car sped past us.

The two men sped out of the room.

② n. 速度

at the speed of         以……的速度

The car goes at the speed of 40 miles an hour / at 40 miles an hour.

在车后的 3 speed/4 speed 表示档位

speed up      速度的增加, 加速；slow down     减速

blow up      风力的增加

★downhill         adv.  下坡downstairs      下楼；upstairs 上楼go down stairs

go downhill         下ft

downtown        n.&adj.&adv. 市中心的商业区（反意词 uptown 远离商业区）

I'll go to the downtown.

【Text】

Once a year, a race is held for old cars. A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels. Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. After a great many loud explosions, the race began. Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them! A few cars, however, completed the race. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour -- much faster than any of its rivals. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it. The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.

参考译文

旧式汽车的比赛每年举行一次. 去年有很多汽车参加了这项比赛. 比赛开始之前, 人们异常激动. 最漂亮的汽车之一是罗尔斯-罗伊斯生产的银鬼汽车, 而最不寻常的一辆则要属只有 3 只轮子的奔驰牌汽车了. 该车造于 1885 年, 是参赛车中最老的一辆. 在好一阵喧闹的爆炸声之后, 比赛开始了. 很多汽车在途中就抛了锚, 而有些驾驶员花在汽车底下的时间比坐在汽车里面的时间还长. 然而还是有几辆汽车跑完了全程. 获胜的那辆车达到了时速 40 英里——远远超过任何对手. 它在接近终点时, 冲下了ft坡, 驾驶员费了好大劲才把车停下来. 这次比赛使每个人都挺开心. 它虽然与现代汽车比赛大不相同, 但激动人心的程度并不亚于现代汽车大赛.

【课文讲解】

1、Once a year, a race is held for old cars.

=Old car race is held once a year.

once +表示时间的名词    每……一次

The postman calls once a day. be held for      比赛为……而举行

2、A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. enter for   报名参加

a great deal of +不可数名词    大量的……

There was/is a great deal of excitement.      人们非常激动

a great number of +可数名词

a great many +可数名词        许多……

a large amount of +不可数名词just before =just 起强调作用

3、One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. one of 直接作主语的时候, 它是做单数看待的

One of the answers is ture. One of those people is good.

如果在定语从句中出现了 one of 作为先行词，它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果在 one of 前面还有一修饰词 only，那么后边的关系代词将指代 one 这个词，才作单数看

He is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.

4、Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part. The car was built in 1885.

taking part 理解为 taking part (in the race)

5、After a great many loud explosions, the race began. after explosions                  许多爆炸声之后

6、Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them! many cars     许多车子；many of the cars                                     车子当中的许多

many students      许多学生；many of my students        我教过的许多学生

some pictures       一些照片；some of the pictures       那些照片中的一些

break down      车子抛锚，（机械等）出故障，出毛病

This morning I was late for work, because my car broke down twice.

under the car 指在车下面修理；in the car 指正常驾驶。句中的 under 和in 都是斜体，英文中的斜体字起

强调作用

spent more time under their cars than in them

他们花在车下的时间比在车里的时间还多

7、The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour -- much faster than any of its rivals. the wining car                                  获胜车

a speed of +数量词    速度为……

You must have been driving at a speed of seventy miles an hour. much faster 快得多；a little faster                                      快一点

any of its rivals＝any rival         任何一个

any 在比较级中一旦出现, 它往往要加可数名词的单数

Beijing is bigger than any other city.      （注意 “other” 不能丢）

如果是不定代词, 可以说 someone else, anyone else；如果不是不定代词, 要在名词前加other.

any other competitor

8、It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it. at the end of…                                   在……的末尾/最后部分

He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting.

have trouble (in) doing sth.       干……有麻烦，做……很困难（trouble 既可数又不可数）

They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire.

9、The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. give sb.+n. 给某人……

give sb. pleasure

It will give sb. a great deal of pleasure.

=There was a great deal of excitement. give sb. a fright                                               吓了某人一跳give sb. a surprise                                 给某人一个惊喜

10、It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting. modern car race                             现代车赛

be different from               和……不同

no more 和no less 都表示“和……一样”, 相当于 only, the same There are no more than 100 students.                              这个房间仅有一百个学生。no less exciting                                  一样的激动

no more than you        和你一样

表示“和……不相同”用 not more= more；not less= less not less exciting                            更令人激动

【Letter writing】

常用开头语：

I am sorry it has taken me so long to write, but…

I was glad to hear from you at last and to learn that…

【Key structures】

as…as        和……一样

the same (…) as               与……相同/同样

You’ve made the same mistake as Tom.

有时 the same 可以单独使用：

My mother is much younger than yours. She isn’t! They’re about the same age. Those two dress are the same.

not so…as / not as…as        不如……

 

比较关系的句型

different from        与……不同（different 前面可加very，much，a little 等修饰语）

Is French food very different from Italian food?