三、RabbitMq学习笔记
RabbitMQ原生API三种交换模式
1. Hello World
在这里没有声明交换机（exchange）,也没有声明绑定（bind）,RabbitMQ会使用默认的交换机（AMQP default）路由键就是队列名称
【生产者】
/**
* 消费者
*
* @author ITCloud
*/
public class Consumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 1.创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.186.130");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
// 2.获取连接，创建channel
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 3. 队列声明
String queueName = "hello.world";
/**
* (String queue, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDelete, Map arguments)
* 参数说明：
* queue:队列名称
* duable：队列是否是持久化的，rabbitmq重启之后，队列依然存在
* exclusive：独占队列，只对当前连接有效，一般都会设置成非独占队列false
* autoDelete:队列是否自动删除
* arguments：一些参数，后续介绍
*/
channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, null);
// 4.创建一个简单的消费者
com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
//处理接收的消息
/**
* body:接收消息体
*/
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
throws IOException {
System.out.println("消费端：" + new String(body));
}
};
//设置异步接收消息,当消费端启动后，将一直会监听消费端
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
}
}
【消费者】
/**
* 生产者
* @author ITCloud
*/
public class Producer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.创建连接工厂类
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.186.130");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
//2.获取连接，创建channel
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//3. 发送消息
String msg = "Hello world RabbitMQ!!";
/**
* 参数详解
*String exchange, String routingKey, BasicProperties props, byte[] body
* 交换机名称：exchange 必须，如果不指定，则使用rabbitmq提供默认的exchange:AMQP default
* 路由键：routingKey 当交换机是Fanout时候routingKey可以不需要，如果没有明确指定，则路由到队列
* 发送消息带一些参数：props 非必需
* 要发送的消息：body
*/
channel.basicPublish("", "hello.world", null, msg.getBytes());
//4.关闭相关连接
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
2. direct交换模式
direct交换模式的特点：生产者和消费者通过routingKey来连接，消费端只有拥有相应的routingKey才能进行消费
【消费者】
/**
* direct类型的交换机，特点：
* 生产者和消费者通过routingKey来连接，消费端只有拥有相应的routingKey才能进行消费
* @author ITCloud
*
*/
public class DirectConsumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.186.130");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
// 2.获取连接，创建channel
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//3.交换机和队列声明
/**
* 参数说明：(String exchange, String type, boolean durable, boolean autoDelete,Map arguments)
* exchange: 交换机名称
* type:交换机类型：direct topic fanout hearders(几乎不用)
* durable: 是否是持久化的队列，
* autoDelete:是否自动删除
* arguments：一些参数，几乎不用
*/
channel.exchangeDeclare("direct.exchange", "direct", true, false, null);
channel.queueDeclare("direct.queue", true, false, false, null);
//4.队列绑定
channel.queueBind("direct.queue", "direct.exchange", "direct.queue");
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
throws IOException {
System.out.println("消费端：" + new String(body));
}
};
//true表示自动接收
channel.basicConsume("direct.queue", true, consumer);
}
}
【生产者】
public class DirectProducer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.186.130");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
// 2.获取连接，创建channel
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//3. 发送消息
String msg = "Send msg by RabbitMQ!! direct";
channel.basicPublish("direct.exchange", "direct.queue", null, msg.getBytes());
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
3. fanout交换模式
fanout交换模式的特点：不需要routingKey,只要绑定了交换机即可
这种模式可以用于死信队列中
【消费者】
/**
* fanout类型的交换机，特点：
* 不需要routingKey,只要绑定了交换机即可
* @author ITCloud
*
*/
public class FanoutConsumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.186.130");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
// 2.获取连接，创建channel
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//3.交换机和队列声明
channel.exchangeDeclare("fanout.exchange", "fanout", true, false, null);
channel.queueDeclare("fanout.queue", true, false, false, null);
//4.队列绑定，这里rountingKey=""; 但是不可以设置为null
channel.queueBind("fanout.queue", "fanout.exchange", "");
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
throws IOException {
System.out.println("消费端：" + new String(body));
}
};
//true表示自动接收
channel.basicConsume("fanout.queue", true, consumer);
}
}
【生产者】
public class FanoutProducer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.186.130");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
// 2.获取连接，创建channel
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//3. 发送消息
String msg = "Send msg by RabbitMQ!! fanout";
channel.basicPublish("fanout.exchange", "", null, msg.getBytes());
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
4. topic交换模式
【消费者】
/**
* topic类型的交换机，特点：
* 通过rountingKey进行模糊匹配：
* 1. * 匹配一个单词
* 2. # 匹配多个单词
* 例如：A.* 只可以匹配A.aab；但是不可以匹配A.aa.bb
* @author ITCloud
*
*/
public class TopicConsumer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
// 1.创建连接
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.186.130");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setUsername("admin");
connectionFactory.setPassword("admin");
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
// 2.获取连接，创建channel
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//3.交换机和队列声明
channel.exchangeDeclare("topic.exchange", "topic", true, false, null);
channel.queueDeclare("topic.queue", true, false, false, null);
//4.队列绑定，这里可以设置rountingKey=""; 但是不可以设置为null
channel.queueBind("topic.queue", "topic.exchange", "topic.#");
Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
@Override
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
throws IOException {
System.out.println("消费端：" + new String(body));
}
};
//true表示自动接收
channel.basicConsume("topic.queue", true, consumer);
}
}
【生产者】
public class TopicProducer {