java 串行线程_Java并发之串行线程池实例解析

前言

做Android的这两年时间,通过研究Android源码,也会Java并发处理多线程有了自己的一些理解。

那么问题来了,如何实现一个串行的线程池呢?

思路

何为串行线程池呢?

也就是说,我们的Runnable对象应该有个排队的机制,它们顺序从队列尾部进入,并且从队列头部选择Runnable进行执行。

既然我们有了思路,那我们就考虑一下所需要的数据结构?

既然是从队列尾部插入Runnable对象,从队列头部执行Runnable对象,我们自然需要一个队列。Java的SDK已经给我们提供了很好的队列数据结构,例如双端队列:ArrayDeque。

因为涉及到线程的执行,那我们首先就需要有一个合适的线程池,使用ThreadPoolExecutor类即可构造。

既然是串行执行,那如何保持串行机制呢?我们可以通过try和finally机制,我们将传入的Runnable对象重新封装成一个新的Runnable对象,在新的Runnable的run方法的try块中执行Runnable的run方法,在finally中调用执行队列头部Runnable对象出队列,并放入线程池执行的方法。

示例代码

import java.util.ArrayDeque;

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;

import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

/**

* Created by wzy on 16-1-5.

*/

public class SerialExecutor {

private Runnable mActive;

private ArrayDeque mArrayDeque = new ArrayDeque<>();

private static final int CPU_COUNT = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();

private static final int CORE_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT + 1;

private static final int MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT * 2 + 1;

private static final int KEEP_ALIVE = 1;

private static final BlockingQueue sPoolWorkQueue =

new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(128);

private static final ThreadFactory sThreadFactory = new ThreadFactory() {

private final AtomicInteger mCount = new AtomicInteger(1);

@Override

public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {

return new Thread(r, "Serial thread #" + mCount.getAndIncrement());

}

};

private static final ThreadPoolExecutor THREAD_EXECUTOR = new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE,

MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE, TimeUnit.SECONDS, sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);

public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {

mArrayDeque.offer(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

try {

r.run();

} finally {

scheduleNext();

}

}

});

// 第一次入队列时mActivie为空,因此需要手动调用scheduleNext方法

if (mActive == null) {

scheduleNext();

}

}

private void scheduleNext() {

if ((mActive = mArrayDeque.poll()) != null) {

THREAD_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);

}

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

SerialExecutor serialExecutor = new SerialExecutor();

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i ++) {

final int j = i;

serialExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

System.out.println("The num is :" + (j + 1));

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

});

}

}

}

执行结果如下:

The num is :1

The num is :2

The num is :3

The num is :4

The num is :5

The num is :6

The num is :7

The num is :8

The num is :9

The num is :10

总结

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