MongoDB聚合:$unset

使用$unset阶段可移除文档中的某些字段。从版本4.2开始支持。

语法

  • 移除单个字段,可以直接指定要移除的字段名:
{ $unset: "" }
  • 移除多个字段,可以指定一个要移除字段名的数组:
{ $unset: [ "", "", ... ] }

用法

u n s e t 和 unset和 unsetproject

对于移除字段,$unset相当于是$project的别名:

{ $project: { "": 0, "": 0, ... } }

内嵌字段

要移除或排除内嵌文档的字段,可以使用点号:

{ $unset: "" }

或:

{ $unset: [ "", ...] }

举例

使用下面的命令创建books集合:

db.books.insertMany([
   { "_id" : 1, title: "Antelope Antics", isbn: "0001122223334", author: { last:"An", first: "Auntie" }, copies: [ { warehouse: "A", qty: 5 }, { warehouse: "B", qty: 15 } ] },
   { "_id" : 2, title: "Bees Babble", isbn: "999999999333", author: { last:"Bumble", first: "Bee" }, copies: [ { warehouse: "A", qty: 2 }, { warehouse: "B", qty: 5 } ] }
])

移除一个字段

下面的例子移除顶层字段copies

db.books.aggregate([ { $unset: "copies" } ])

也可以使用下面的方法:

db.books.aggregate([ { $unset: [ "copies" ] } ])

这些操作返回下面的文档:

{ "_id" : 1, "title" : "Antelope Antics", "isbn" : "0001122223334", "author" : { "last" : "An", "first" : "Auntie" } }
{ "_id" : 2, "title" : "Bees Babble", "isbn" : "999999999333", "author" : { "last" : "Bumble", "first" : "Bee" } }

移除顶层字段

下面的例子移除顶层字段isbncopies

db.books.aggregate([
   { $unset: [ "isbn", "copies" ] }
])

$unset操作的结果为:

{ "_id" : 1, "title" : "Antelope Antics", "author" : { "last" : "An", "first" : "Auntie" } }
{ "_id" : 2, "title" : "Bees Babble", "author" : { "last" : "Bumble", "first" : "Bee" } }

移除内嵌字段

下面的例子移除等层字段isbn、内嵌字段firstname文档内的)以及内嵌字段warehouse(copies字段数组的元素):

db.books.aggregate([
   { $unset: [ "isbn", "author.first", "copies.warehouse" ] }
])

$unset操作的结果为:

{ "_id" : 1, "title" : "Antelope Antics", "author" : { "last" : "An" }, "copies" : [ { "qty" : 5 }, { "qty" : 15 } ] }
{ "_id" : 2, "title" : "Bees Babble", "author" : { "last" : "Bumble" }, "copies" : [ { "qty" : 2 }, { "qty" : 5 } ] }

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