2021-03-06 3.3 定语从句简化

3.3期刊论文中的定语从句

定语

• Present participle(现在分词)

• Past participle(过去分词)

• Propositional phrases(介词短语)

• Participle phrases(分词短语)

• Adjective phrases(形容词短语结构)

前置定语(Prepositive attributive)

一般分词结构为单个词语时，可以放在被修饰词语前面，作前置定语。

例1

1. A moblie system must be applied to these conditions that are changing.

2. A moblie system must be applied to these changing conditions.

定语从句还可以简化为单个的分词与名词连用构成的复合结构，来修饰中心词。

例2

1. Consumers deal with unacceptable levels of risk by engaging in strategies that can reduce risks.
2. Consumers deal with unacceptable levels of risk by engaging in risk-reducing strategies.

例3

• a method that consumes time -> a time-consuming method. (耗时的办法)
• an industry that grows fact -> a fast-growing industry. (迅速发展的产业)

例4

• mobile devices of which the resource is constrained -> resource-constrained mobile devices.
• equipment which is driven by a motor -> motor-driven equipment.

后置定语(Postpositive attributive)

简化为分词短语

例1

1. A theater is a building which has been specifically designed for dramatic performances.
2. A theater is a building specifically designed for dramatic performances.

例2

1. A depression is a serious economic downturn that originates from a variety factors, including overexpansion of commerce, industry, or agriculture, bank failures, or war.
2. A depression is a serious economic downturn originating from a variety factors, including overexpansion of commerce, industry, or agriculture, bank failures, or war.

例3

1. A robot is a multiprogrammable device which is capable of performing the work of a human.
2. A robot is a multiprogrammable device capable of performing the work of a human.

简化为介词短语

例1

1. GIll is an enternal respiratory organ which is in the gill chamber at the rear of the mouth of most aquatic animals.
2. GIll is an enternal respiratory organ in the gill chamber at the rear of the mouth of most aquatic animals.

例2

1. A parliament is a national governing body which has the highest level of lcgislativc power within a state.

   (with + noun phrase = 某种物质具有某个性质)

2. A parliament is a national governing body wIth the highest level of lcgislativc power within a state.

什么情况下可以将定语从句简化?

1. which/that is + 过去分词/介词短语/形容词短语 ->delete which/that is
2. which/that is + active verb -> present participle (现在分词)
3. which/that has noun phrase -> with + noun phrase