nginx+keepalived+tomcat之具体配置档
前沿知识点：
-
nginx负责负载均衡（反向代理）
-
msm（memcached session manager）负责缓存会话信息，从而实现会话保持
所需包：
-
nginx和memcached采用最新稳定版
-
tomcat版本需要与msm版本一致，这里采用tomcat7
-
msm包共计9个包，包名具体信息查看附件，msm的所有包放到$CATALINA_HOME/lib
配置过程：
nginx的配置信息如下-->
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...
http {
...
upstream tomcat {
server node1:8080;
server node2:8080;
#这里具体使用什么算法，暂定，不过我觉得ip_hash不好，会造成负载不均衡
}
server {
...
location ~* ^
/testapp
{
proxy_pass http:
//tomcat
;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-real-ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-forwarded-
for
$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
}
...
}
}
|
tomcat的配置信息如下-->
首先修改server.xml，在默认的host flag中添加context
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...
<
host
>
...
<
context
path
=
"/testapp"
docbase
=
"testapp/"
/>
...
</
host
>
...
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其次修改context.xml，在默认的context flag中添加manager
其中粘性session方式如下： Sticky 模式：tomcat 本地容器 session 为主session， memcached为备session。Request请求到来时， 判断tomcat容器是否发生变化,若变化(即原tomcat down掉),则从memcached加载备session到tomcat2,响应给客户端,请求结束后,重置session_id,并更新到memcached。
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<
Context
>
...
<
Manager
className
=
"de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
memcachedNodes
=
"n1:host1.yourdomain.com:11211,n2:host2.yourdomain.com:11211"
failoverNodes
=
"n1"
requestUriIgnorePattern
=
".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
transcoderFactoryClass
=
"de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
/>
</
Context
>
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非粘性session如下： Non-Sticky模式：tomcat session 为 中转session， memcached1 为主,memcached 2 为备session。Request请求到来时，从memcached 2加载备 session 到 tomcat，（另外,若只有一个memcached节点，或者memcached2 出错时,且tomcat本地容器中还没有session,则从memcached1加载主 session 到 tomcat），Request请求结束时，将tomcat session更新至 主memcached1和备memcached2，并且清除tomcat session 。以达到主备同步之目的，如下是non-sticky模式的响应流程图：（图片来源网络）。
此模式下,基于session的验证码将无法使用,因为此模式下,第一次session是用本地,然后存放到mem1和mem2中,之后客户再次请求,则路由到了另外一台tomcat上,又因为是同一个session_id,所以使用的是mem1中,但是mem1中确是旧的session.(但是验证码要求每一次都不一样...)
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<
Context
>
...
<
ManagerclassName
=
"de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
memcachedNodes
=
"n1:host1.yourdomain.com:11211,n2:host2.yourdomain.com:11211"
sticky
=
"false"
sessionBackupAsync
=
"false"
lockingMode
=
"uriPattern:/path1|/path2"
requestUriIgnorePattern
=
".*\.(ico|png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
transcoderFactoryClass
=
"de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
/>
</
Context
>
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keepalived配置信息如下-->这里只贴出主的,从的就不贴了
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! Configuration File
for
keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
#<Spinestars
vrrp_script chk_keepalived_down {
script
"[ -f /var/run/keepaliveddown ] && exit 1 || exit 0"
interval 2
weight -2
}
#nginx_check_script
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script
"killall -0 nginx && exit 0 || exit 1"
interval 2
weight -2
}
#/Spinestars>
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth1
virtual_router_id 20
mcast_src_ip 192.168.100.1
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.88.100.2
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
chk_keepalived_down
}
}
|
nginx动静分离配置:
...
#<Spinestars
upstream tomcat_servers {
server node1:8080;
server node2:8080;
}
server {
listen *:80;
server_name test.shop.com;
root/var/www/shop;
index index.html index.jsp index.htm;
#/Spinestars>
#<Spinestars
location ~* \.(html|jpg|png|jpeg|css|gif|ico)$ {
root /var/www;
}
location ~* \.(js|jhtml)$ {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_servers;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
if ( $host = 'test.shop.com' ){
rewrite ^/$ http://test.shop.com/shop permanent;
}
#以下location是测试用的
location ~* ^/testapp {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_servers;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
#/Spinestars>
...
}
