*英语词汇--甲型H1N1流感
flu vaccine 流感疫苗
flu caseload 感染病例数
shot 注射，打针，eg. The nurse gave me a flu shot.护士给我打了治疗流感的针
flu strain 流感病毒株
anti-viral medications/drug 抗病毒药物
make a vaccine against 研制出一种抗……的疫苗
ease flu symptoms 减轻流感症状
contagious 会传染的
respiratory disease 呼吸道疾病
circulate传播
contaminate 传染
infect 感染
contract 感染
epidemic 流行病，时疫
pandemic 尤指全国性流行的疾病
pneumonias 肺炎
confirmed case 确诊病例
suspected case 疑似病例
incubation period 潜伏期
outbreak 爆发
mutate into a more dangerous strain 突变成更危险病毒株
human-to-human transmission/spread/infection 人与人之间的传播/感染
cough 咳嗽
sneeze 打喷嚏
symptom 症候
face mask 面罩
test positive/negative 检测呈阳性/阴性
develop a fever 出现发烧/发热症状
precautionary measures 预防措施
avoid contacts with 避免与……接触
quarantee 医学隔离
isolate 隔离(通俗用词)
step up surveillance 加强检测
flu jitters 流感恐慌
contain 遏制
stem the spread of the virus 制止病毒的扩散
public health emergency of international concern 国际关注的突发公共卫生事件
以下是与上述部分词语相关的一些例句：
1． Canadaon Wednesday confirmed its first human-to-human spread of A/H1N1 flu infection, as the country' s total cases rise to 19.
2． Researchers have confirmed two cases of human to human transmission of the A/H1N1 influenza virus, raising the possibility that the infection could soon gain a foothold among people, with the potential to strike millions.
3． Scientists at the National Microbiology Laboratory have found that the virus appears to have an incubation period of two to seven days.
4． The Canadian public remains calm and the government has urged necessary precautionary measures such as washing hands frequently and avoiding contacts with people havingflu symptoms.
5． All new cases are mild, but one of the patients in British Columbia has not been to Mexico recently and is believed to contract the virus from another person.
6． The above comments leave little doubt that the H1N1 flu is being efficiently transmitted human to human in southern California.
7． Hong Kong quarantined hundreds of hotel guests and workers Friday after a tourist from Mexico tested positive for A/H1N1 flu,Asia's first confirmed case of the disease.
8． China will track down the other passengers on the flight from Mexico to Shanghai and quarantine them for seven days, the country's Ministry of Health said in a statement Friday.
9． Governments worldwide raced to contain the spread of a new strain of A/H1N1 flu that has killed over 80 people in Mexico,amid a fresh warning that the virus could mutate into a more dangerous strain.
10．Around the world, governments are scrambling to stem the spread of a new A/H1N1 flu virus that has killed at least 103 people in Mexico, Reuters reported.
11．The World Health Organization declared the outbreak – which has components of classic avian, human and A/H1N1 flu viruses -- a “public health emergency of international concern”.
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人患猪流感human cases of Swine Flu
猪流感病毒 the H1N1 swine flu viruses H1N1
抗原变体antigenic variant
抗原变异 antigenic variation
抗原飘移 antigenic drift
抗原位移 antigenic shift
从病毒中获取遗传物质 scrambling/acquiring genetic materials from human and avian viruses
“混合器” “mixing vessel”
流感的亚型 influenza subtype
自然免疫力 natural immunity
Organization (WHO)联合国世界卫生组织
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)美国国家疾病控制与预防中心
Beijing municipal animal epidemic prevention centre 北京市动物流行病防治中心
outbreak 爆发
suspected cases 疑似疫情
confirmed cases 诊断疫情
test positive 检测为阳性
disease-affected areas 疾病感染地区
disposal of animal wastes 动物粪便的处理
disinfection 消毒
inactive virus 非活性病毒
circulate 传播,流传
contagious 接触传染性的
outbreak 爆发
vaccinate 注射疫苗
influenza pandemic 流感流行
infection 传染病
virulent 剧毒的;致命的
strain (身心的)紧张状态
populous 人口众多的,人口稠密的
trigger 触发,引起
respiratory symptom 呼吸道症状
human-to-human transmission 人与人之间的传染
within-family transmission 家庭成员间的传染
pathogen 病原体
mortality rate 死亡率
fever 感冒
cough 咳嗽
sore throat 喉咙疼痛发炎
pneumonia肺炎
acute respiratory distress 急性的呼吸道疾病
viral pneumonia 病毒性肺炎
紫外线 ultraviolet radiation
消毒剂 disinfectants
防护服 protective clothing，masks of N95-type
扑杀（动物） cull，stamp out, destroy
机械性传媒 mechanical vectors
自然宿主 natural reservoir (of bird flu viruses)
抗传染 resistant to infection
流感流行 influenza pandemic
人传人 human-to-human transmission, person-to-person transmission
世界卫生组织全球流感监测网络 WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network
网络实验室 network laboratories
预防措施 pre-emptive measures/preventative measures
有与其它流感病毒交换基因的倾向 to have the propensity to exchange genes with influenza viruses from other species.
现有的疫苗 currently available vaccines, existing vaccines
注射疫苗 vaccinate
(病毒)分离 isolate
原型病毒 prototype virus
正粘病毒 Orthomyxo Virus
哺乳动物病毒mammalian virus
流感病毒属 Influenza Virus
原型疫苗 prototype vaccine
储存疫苗 stockpiling vaccines
突然发病 sudden onset
引发流感流行 trigging an influenza pandemic
病毒突变 mutate，virus mutation
基因交换 gene swapping
基因重组 genetic recombination
基因易变 genetically labile
宿主的防御能力host defense
（基因）复制错误 replication errors
基因修复 gene repair