GDI+学习及代码总结之------画线、区域填充、写字

《精通GDI编程》里的代码，在学习过程中对它加以总结，以防以后用到，所有代码都是在MFC 单文档中实现的，写在View::OnDraw(CDC */*pDC*/)中

画线/边框（Pen）

1、画单线——-DrawLine

Pen pen(Color(255,0,0,0),3);
PointF L_PTStart(0,0);
PointF L_PTEnd(100,10);
graphics.DrawLine(&pen,L_PTStart,L_PTEnd);

   Pen pen(Color(255,0,0,0),3);
    PointF L_PTStart(0,0);
    PointF L_PTEnd(100,10);
    graphics.DrawLine(&pen,L_PTStart,L_PTEnd);

2、连接线——–DrawLines

Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);

PointF point1(10.0f, 10.0f);
PointF point2(10.0f, 100.0f);
PointF point3(200.0f, 50.0f);
PointF point4(250.0f, 80.0f);

PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};
PointF* pPoints = points;

graphics.DrawLines(&blackPen, pPoints, 4);

 Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);

    PointF point1(10.0f, 10.0f);
    PointF point2(10.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point3(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point4(250.0f, 80.0f);

    PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};
    PointF* pPoints = points;

    graphics.DrawLines(&blackPen, pPoints, 4);

讲解：points数组中的每个点都是连接线上的转折点，DrawLines会把它们按照顺序一个个连接起来

3、画矩形—–DrawRectangle,只画边框，不画背景色

Pen blackPen(Color(255,255, 0, 0), 3);
Rect rect(0, 0, 100, 100);
graphics.DrawRectangle(&blackPen, rect);

  Pen blackPen(Color(255,255, 0, 0), 3);
    Rect rect(0, 0, 100, 100);
    graphics.DrawRectangle(&blackPen, rect);

4、一次画多个矩形—-DrawRectangles

Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);
// 定义三个矩形
RectF rect1(0.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 60.0f);
RectF rect2(60.0f, 70.0f, 70.0f, 100.0f);
RectF rect3(100.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 50.0f);
RectF rects[] = {rect1, rect2, rect3};
//RectF是对Rect的封装
graphics.DrawRectangles(&blackPen, rects, 3);

   Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);
    // 定义三个矩形
    RectF rect1(0.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 60.0f);
    RectF rect2(60.0f, 70.0f, 70.0f, 100.0f);
    RectF rect3(100.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 50.0f);
    RectF rects[] = {rect1, rect2, rect3};
    //RectF是对Rect的封装
    graphics.DrawRectangles(&blackPen, rects, 3);

5、画曲线—–DrawCurve

Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);
PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);
PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);

PointF curvePoints[4] = {
    point1,
    point2,
    point3,
    point4};

    PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;

    // 画曲线
    graphics.DrawCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 4);

    //画连接点和直线连接线
    SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));//画连接点
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));

    Pen redPen(Color::Red, 2);
    graphics.DrawLines(&redPen,curvePoints,4);//画连接线

    Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);
    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);
    PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);

    PointF curvePoints[4] = {
        point1,
        point2,
        point3,
        point4};

        PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;

        // 画曲线
        graphics.DrawCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 4);

        //画连接点和直线连接线
        SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));//画连接点
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));

        Pen redPen(Color::Red, 2);
        graphics.DrawLines(&redPen,curvePoints,4);//画连接线

注意：这里为了比较画曲线与画直线连接线的区别，我用绿色画的曲线，用红色画的直线连接线，同时画出了连接点，大家可以比较一下。

6、画闭合曲线

Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);
PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);//开始点
PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);
PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);
PointF point5(600.0f, 200.0f);
PointF point6(700.0f, 400.0f);
PointF point7(500.0f, 500.0f);//结束点

PointF curvePoints[7] = {
    point1,
    point2,
    point3,
    point4,
    point5,
    point6,
    point7};

    PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;

    //画闭合曲线
    graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 7);

    //画连接点
    SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);
    SolidBrush startBrush(Color::Blue);
    SolidBrush endBrush(Color::Black);
    graphics.FillEllipse(&startBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(595, 195, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(695, 395, 10, 10));
    graphics.FillEllipse(&endBrush, Rect(495, 495, 10, 10));

  Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);
    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);//开始点
    PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);
    PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point5(600.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point6(700.0f, 400.0f);
    PointF point7(500.0f, 500.0f);//结束点

    PointF curvePoints[7] = {
        point1,
        point2,
        point3,
        point4,
        point5,
        point6,
        point7};

        PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;

        //画闭合曲线
        graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 7);

        //画连接点
        SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);
        SolidBrush startBrush(Color::Blue);
        SolidBrush endBrush(Color::Black);
        graphics.FillEllipse(&startBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(595, 195, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(695, 395, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&endBrush, Rect(495, 495, 10, 10));

注意：蓝色点是开始点，黑色点是结束点
7、画多边形—–DrawPolygon，既然能画闭合的曲线，肯定也有闭合的直线，当然闭合的直线也就是所谓的多边形

Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);
//创建点数组，DrawPolygon会按这些点的顺序逐个连接起来
PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
PointF point2(200.0f, 130.0f);
PointF point3(150.0f, 200.0f);
PointF point4(50.0f, 200.0f);
PointF point5(0.0f, 130.0f);
PointF points[5] = {point1, point2, point3, point4, point5};
PointF* pPoints = points;
// 画多边形，也就是闭合直线
graphics.DrawPolygon(&blackPen, pPoints, 5);

  Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);
    //创建点数组，DrawPolygon会按这些点的顺序逐个连接起来
    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point2(200.0f, 130.0f);
    PointF point3(150.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point4(50.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point5(0.0f, 130.0f);
    PointF points[5] = {point1, point2, point3, point4, point5};
    PointF* pPoints = points;
    // 画多边形，也就是闭合直线
    graphics.DrawPolygon(&blackPen, pPoints, 5);

8、画弧线—-DrawArc

Pen redPen(Color::Red, 3);
RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);
REAL startAngle = 0.0f;//起始度数
REAL sweepAngle = 90.0f;//结尾时的度数
// 画弧线
graphics.DrawArc(&redPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);
//画出边框，做为参考
Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 1);
graphics.DrawRectangle(&greenPen,ellipseRect);

 Pen redPen(Color::Red, 3);
    RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);
    REAL startAngle = 0.0f;//起始度数
    REAL sweepAngle = 90.0f;//结尾时的度数
    // 画弧线
    graphics.DrawArc(&redPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);
    //画出边框，做为参考
    Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 1);
    graphics.DrawRectangle(&greenPen,ellipseRect);

9、画扇形—-DrawPie

Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);

// 定义椭圆，然后在里面截一部分作为最终的扇形
RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);
REAL startAngle = 40.0f;
REAL sweepAngle = 100.0f;

//画扇形
graphics.DrawPie(&blackPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);

 Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);

    // 定义椭圆，然后在里面截一部分作为最终的扇形
    RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);
    REAL startAngle = 40.0f;
    REAL sweepAngle = 100.0f;

    //画扇形
    graphics.DrawPie(&blackPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);

先出效果图：

这里要对它两上名词讲解一下，什么叫startAngle(开始度数)，什么叫sweepAngle(范围度数也能叫扫过度数，我译的，嘿嘿)

看下MSDN里对DrawPie函数的讲解就会懂了，里面有这个图，给大家看一下

填充区域（SolidBrush）

1、填充闭合区域—-FillClosedCurve，边框对应：DrawClosedCurve

SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));

PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
PointF point3(250.0f, 200.0f);
PointF point4(50.0f, 150.0f);
PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};

//填充闭合区域
graphics.FillClosedCurve(&blackBrush, points, 4);
//为闭合区域画边框
Pen curPen(Color::Green,3);
graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&curPen,points,4);

    SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));

    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point3(250.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point4(50.0f, 150.0f);
    PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};

    //填充闭合区域
    graphics.FillClosedCurve(&blackBrush, points, 4);
    //为闭合区域画边框
    Pen curPen(Color::Green,3);
    graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&curPen,points,4);

注意：从结果图中也可以看出填充区域（背景）和边框是分离的，用FillClosedCurve来填充背景色，用DrawClosedCurve来画边框

2、填充椭圆—FillEllipse，边框对应：DrawEllipse

SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));
RectF ellipseRect(0.0f, 0.6f, 200.8f, 100.9f);
//填充椭圆
graphics.FillEllipse(&blackBrush, ellipseRect);
//画边框，当然也可以不画
Pen borderPen(Color::Green,3);
graphics.DrawEllipse(&borderPen,ellipseRect);

  SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));
    RectF ellipseRect(0.0f, 0.6f, 200.8f, 100.9f);
    //填充椭圆
    graphics.FillEllipse(&blackBrush, ellipseRect);
    //画边框，当然也可以不画
    Pen borderPen(Color::Green,3);
    graphics.DrawEllipse(&borderPen,ellipseRect);

还有类似的几个函数，这里就不一 一讲解了

它们是：

FillPie(Brush* brush, RectF& rect, REAL startAngle, REAL sweepAngle)    //填充扇形，对应DrawPie

FillPolygon(Brush* brush, PointF* points, INT count)                       //填充多边形，对应DrawPolygon

FillRectangle(Brush* brush, RectF& rect)                                          //填充矩形,对应DrawRectangle

FillRectangles(Brush* brush, RectF* rects, INT count)                   //同时填充多个矩形，对应DrawRectangles

FillPie(Brush* brush, RectF& rect, REAL startAngle, REAL sweepAngle)    //填充扇形，对应DrawPie

FillPolygon(Brush* brush, PointF* points, INT count)                       //填充多边形，对应DrawPolygon

FillRectangle(Brush* brush, RectF& rect)                                          //填充矩形,对应DrawRectangle

FillRectangles(Brush* brush, RectF* rects, INT count)                   //同时填充多个矩形，对应DrawRectangles

还有是关于路径和区域的，先记下，后面再说

Status FillPath( const Brush* brush, const GraphicsPath*path);

Status FillRegion( const Brush* brush, const Region*region);

Status FillPath( const Brush* brush, const GraphicsPath*path);

Status FillRegion( const Brush* brush, const Region*region);

写字（SolidBrush）

形式一：Status DrawString( const WCHAR*string, INTlength, const Font* font, const PointF&origin, const Brush*brush);

Graphics graphics(this->GetDC()->m_hDC);

SolidBrush brush(Color(255,0,0,255));

FontFamily fontfamily(L”宋体”);
Font font(&fontfamily,24,FontStyleRegular,UnitPixel);

PointF  pointf(0,0);//PointF类对点进行了封装，这里是指定写字的开始点

graphics.DrawString(L”GDI写字”,-1,&font,pointf,&brush);
//DrawString还有另外两个重载形式，能实现更强大的功能

    Graphics graphics(this->GetDC()->m_hDC);

    SolidBrush brush(Color(255,0,0,255));

    FontFamily fontfamily(L"宋体");
    Font font(&fontfamily,24,FontStyleRegular,UnitPixel);

    PointF  pointf(0,0);//PointF类对点进行了封装，这里是指定写字的开始点

    graphics.DrawString(L"GDI写字",-1,&font,pointf,&brush);
    //DrawString还有另外两个重载形式，能实现更强大的功能

形式二：Status DrawString( const WCHAR*string, INT length, const Font*font, const RectF&layoutRect, const StringFormat*stringFormat, const Brush*brush);

WCHAR string[256];
wcscpy(string, L”Sample Text”);

// Initialize arguments.
Font myFont(L”Arial”, 16);//字体
RectF layoutRect(0.0f, 0.0f, 200.0f, 50.0f);//矩形

//设定字体格式
StringFormat format;
format.SetAlignment(StringAlignmentCenter); //水平方向的对齐方式，这里设置为水平居中
format.SetLineAlignment(StringAlignmentFar);//垂直方向的对齐方式，这里设置为垂直居下
SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));

//画矩形边框
graphics.DrawRectangle(&Pen(Color::Green, 3), layoutRect);
//填充矩形背景
graphics.FillRectangle(&SolidBrush(Color(255,255,0,0)),layoutRect);
//DrawString，一定要先画背景再写字，要不然，字会被背景覆盖
graphics.DrawString(
    string,
    wcslen(string),
    &myFont,
    layoutRect,
    &format,
    &blackBrush);

  WCHAR string[256];
    wcscpy(string, L"Sample Text");

    // Initialize arguments.
    Font myFont(L"Arial", 16);//字体
    RectF layoutRect(0.0f, 0.0f, 200.0f, 50.0f);//矩形

    //设定字体格式
    StringFormat format;
    format.SetAlignment(StringAlignmentCenter); //水平方向的对齐方式，这里设置为水平居中
    format.SetLineAlignment(StringAlignmentFar);//垂直方向的对齐方式，这里设置为垂直居下
    SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));

    //画矩形边框
    graphics.DrawRectangle(&Pen(Color::Green, 3), layoutRect);
    //填充矩形背景
    graphics.FillRectangle(&SolidBrush(Color(255,255,0,0)),layoutRect);
    //DrawString，一定要先画背景再写字，要不然，字会被背景覆盖
    graphics.DrawString(
        string,
        wcslen(string),
        &myFont,
        layoutRect,
        &format,
        &blackBrush);

形式三：Status DrawString( const WCHAR*string, INTlength, const Font* font, const PointF&origin, const StringFormat* stringFormat, const Brush* brush);

这种形式是形式一与形式二的结合，指定写字开始点和字体格式，这里就不举例了。