GDI+学习及代码总结之------画线、区域填充、写字

《精通GDI编程》里的代码,在学习过程中对它加以总结,以防以后用到,所有代码都是在MFC 单文档中实现的,写在View::OnDraw(CDC */*pDC*/)中

画线/边框(Pen)

1、画单线——-DrawLine

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  1. Pen pen(Color(255,0,0,0),3);  
  2. PointF L_PTStart(0,0);  
  3. PointF L_PTEnd(100,10);  
  4. graphics.DrawLine(&pen,L_PTStart,L_PTEnd);  
   Pen pen(Color(255,0,0,0),3);
    PointF L_PTStart(0,0);
    PointF L_PTEnd(100,10);
    graphics.DrawLine(&pen,L_PTStart,L_PTEnd);

2、连接线——–DrawLines

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  1. Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);  
  2.   
  3. PointF point1(10.0f, 10.0f);  
  4. PointF point2(10.0f, 100.0f);  
  5. PointF point3(200.0f, 50.0f);  
  6. PointF point4(250.0f, 80.0f);  
  7.   
  8. PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};  
  9. PointF* pPoints = points;  
  10.   
  11. graphics.DrawLines(&blackPen, pPoints, 4);  
 Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);

    PointF point1(10.0f, 10.0f);
    PointF point2(10.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point3(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point4(250.0f, 80.0f);

    PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};
    PointF* pPoints = points;

    graphics.DrawLines(&blackPen, pPoints, 4);

讲解:points数组中的每个点都是连接线上的转折点,DrawLines会把它们按照顺序一个个连接起来


3、画矩形—–DrawRectangle,只画边框,不画背景色

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  1. Pen blackPen(Color(255,255, 0, 0), 3);  
  2. Rect rect(0, 0, 100, 100);  
  3. graphics.DrawRectangle(&blackPen, rect);  
  Pen blackPen(Color(255,255, 0, 0), 3);
    Rect rect(0, 0, 100, 100);
    graphics.DrawRectangle(&blackPen, rect);

4、一次画多个矩形—-DrawRectangles

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  1. Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);  
  2. // 定义三个矩形  
  3. RectF rect1(0.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 60.0f);  
  4. RectF rect2(60.0f, 70.0f, 70.0f, 100.0f);  
  5. RectF rect3(100.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 50.0f);  
  6. RectF rects[] = {rect1, rect2, rect3};  
  7. //RectF是对Rect的封装  
  8. graphics.DrawRectangles(&blackPen, rects, 3);  
   Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);
    // 定义三个矩形
    RectF rect1(0.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 60.0f);
    RectF rect2(60.0f, 70.0f, 70.0f, 100.0f);
    RectF rect3(100.0f, 0.0f, 50.0f, 50.0f);
    RectF rects[] = {rect1, rect2, rect3};
    //RectF是对Rect的封装
    graphics.DrawRectangles(&blackPen, rects, 3);

5、画曲线—–DrawCurve

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  1. Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);  
  2. PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);  
  3. PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);  
  4. PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);  
  5. PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);  
  6.   
  7. PointF curvePoints[4] = {  
  8.     point1,  
  9.     point2,  
  10.     point3,  
  11.     point4};  
  12.   
  13.     PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;  
  14.   
  15.     // 画曲线  
  16.     graphics.DrawCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 4);  
  17.   
  18.     //画连接点和直线连接线  
  19.     SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);  
  20.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));//画连接点  
  21.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));  
  22.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));  
  23.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));  
  24.   
  25.     Pen redPen(Color::Red, 2);  
  26.     graphics.DrawLines(&redPen,curvePoints,4);//画连接线  
    Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);
    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);
    PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);

    PointF curvePoints[4] = {
        point1,
        point2,
        point3,
        point4};

        PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;

        // 画曲线
        graphics.DrawCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 4);

        //画连接点和直线连接线
        SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));//画连接点
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));

        Pen redPen(Color::Red, 2);
        graphics.DrawLines(&redPen,curvePoints,4);//画连接线

注意:这里为了比较画曲线与画直线连接线的区别,我用绿色画的曲线,用红色画的直线连接线,同时画出了连接点,大家可以比较一下。

6、画闭合曲线

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  1. Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);  
  2. PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);//开始点  
  3. PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);  
  4. PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);  
  5. PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);  
  6. PointF point5(600.0f, 200.0f);  
  7. PointF point6(700.0f, 400.0f);  
  8. PointF point7(500.0f, 500.0f);//结束点  
  9.   
  10. PointF curvePoints[7] = {  
  11.     point1,  
  12.     point2,  
  13.     point3,  
  14.     point4,  
  15.     point5,  
  16.     point6,  
  17.     point7};  
  18.   
  19.     PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;  
  20.   
  21.     //画闭合曲线  
  22.     graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 7);  
  23.   
  24.     //画连接点  
  25.     SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);  
  26.     SolidBrush startBrush(Color::Blue);  
  27.     SolidBrush endBrush(Color::Black);  
  28.     graphics.FillEllipse(&startBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));  
  29.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));  
  30.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));  
  31.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));  
  32.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(595, 195, 10, 10));  
  33.     graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(695, 395, 10, 10));  
  34.     graphics.FillEllipse(&endBrush, Rect(495, 495, 10, 10));  
  Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 3);
    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);//开始点
    PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point3(400.0f, 10.0f);
    PointF point4(500.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point5(600.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point6(700.0f, 400.0f);
    PointF point7(500.0f, 500.0f);//结束点

    PointF curvePoints[7] = {
        point1,
        point2,
        point3,
        point4,
        point5,
        point6,
        point7};

        PointF* pcurvePoints = curvePoints;

        //画闭合曲线
        graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&greenPen, curvePoints, 7);

        //画连接点
        SolidBrush redBrush(Color::Red);
        SolidBrush startBrush(Color::Blue);
        SolidBrush endBrush(Color::Black);
        graphics.FillEllipse(&startBrush, Rect(95, 95, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(495, 95, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(195, 45, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(395, 5, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(595, 195, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&redBrush, Rect(695, 395, 10, 10));
        graphics.FillEllipse(&endBrush, Rect(495, 495, 10, 10));

注意:蓝色点是开始点,黑色点是结束点
7、画多边形—–DrawPolygon,既然能画闭合的曲线,肯定也有闭合的直线,当然闭合的直线也就是所谓的多边形

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  1. Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);  
  2. //创建点数组,DrawPolygon会按这些点的顺序逐个连接起来  
  3. PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);  
  4. PointF point2(200.0f, 130.0f);  
  5. PointF point3(150.0f, 200.0f);  
  6. PointF point4(50.0f, 200.0f);  
  7. PointF point5(0.0f, 130.0f);  
  8. PointF points[5] = {point1, point2, point3, point4, point5};  
  9. PointF* pPoints = points;  
  10. // 画多边形,也就是闭合直线  
  11. graphics.DrawPolygon(&blackPen, pPoints, 5);  
  Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 0, 0), 3);
    //创建点数组,DrawPolygon会按这些点的顺序逐个连接起来
    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point2(200.0f, 130.0f);
    PointF point3(150.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point4(50.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point5(0.0f, 130.0f);
    PointF points[5] = {point1, point2, point3, point4, point5};
    PointF* pPoints = points;
    // 画多边形,也就是闭合直线
    graphics.DrawPolygon(&blackPen, pPoints, 5);

8、画弧线—-DrawArc

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  1. Pen redPen(Color::Red, 3);  
  2. RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);  
  3. REAL startAngle = 0.0f;//起始度数  
  4. REAL sweepAngle = 90.0f;//结尾时的度数  
  5. // 画弧线  
  6. graphics.DrawArc(&redPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);  
  7. //画出边框,做为参考  
  8. Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 1);  
  9. graphics.DrawRectangle(&greenPen,ellipseRect);  
 Pen redPen(Color::Red, 3);
    RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);
    REAL startAngle = 0.0f;//起始度数
    REAL sweepAngle = 90.0f;//结尾时的度数
    // 画弧线
    graphics.DrawArc(&redPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);
    //画出边框,做为参考
    Pen greenPen(Color::Green, 1);
    graphics.DrawRectangle(&greenPen,ellipseRect);

9、画扇形—-DrawPie

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  1. Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);  
  2.   
  3. // 定义椭圆,然后在里面截一部分作为最终的扇形  
  4. RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);  
  5. REAL startAngle = 40.0f;  
  6. REAL sweepAngle = 100.0f;  
  7.   
  8. //画扇形  
  9. graphics.DrawPie(&blackPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);  
 Pen blackPen(Color(255, 0, 255, 0), 3);

    // 定义椭圆,然后在里面截一部分作为最终的扇形
    RectF ellipseRect(0, 0, 200, 100);
    REAL startAngle = 40.0f;
    REAL sweepAngle = 100.0f;

    //画扇形
    graphics.DrawPie(&blackPen, ellipseRect, startAngle, sweepAngle);
先出效果图:

这里要对它两上名词讲解一下,什么叫startAngle(开始度数),什么叫sweepAngle(范围度数也能叫扫过度数,我译的,嘿嘿)

看下MSDN里对DrawPie函数的讲解就会懂了,里面有这个图,给大家看一下


填充区域(SolidBrush)

1、填充闭合区域—-FillClosedCurve,边框对应:DrawClosedCurve

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  1. SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));  
  2.   
  3. PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);  
  4. PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);  
  5. PointF point3(250.0f, 200.0f);  
  6. PointF point4(50.0f, 150.0f);  
  7. PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};  
  8.   
  9. //填充闭合区域  
  10. graphics.FillClosedCurve(&blackBrush, points, 4);  
  11. //为闭合区域画边框  
  12. Pen curPen(Color::Green,3);  
  13. graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&curPen,points,4);  
    SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));

    PointF point1(100.0f, 100.0f);
    PointF point2(200.0f, 50.0f);
    PointF point3(250.0f, 200.0f);
    PointF point4(50.0f, 150.0f);
    PointF points[4] = {point1, point2, point3, point4};

    //填充闭合区域
    graphics.FillClosedCurve(&blackBrush, points, 4);
    //为闭合区域画边框
    Pen curPen(Color::Green,3);
    graphics.DrawClosedCurve(&curPen,points,4);

注意:从结果图中也可以看出填充区域(背景)和边框是分离的,用FillClosedCurve来填充背景色,用DrawClosedCurve来画边框

2、填充椭圆—FillEllipse,边框对应:DrawEllipse

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  1. SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));  
  2. RectF ellipseRect(0.0f, 0.6f, 200.8f, 100.9f);  
  3. //填充椭圆  
  4. graphics.FillEllipse(&blackBrush, ellipseRect);  
  5. //画边框,当然也可以不画  
  6. Pen borderPen(Color::Green,3);  
  7. graphics.DrawEllipse(&borderPen,ellipseRect);  
  SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));
    RectF ellipseRect(0.0f, 0.6f, 200.8f, 100.9f);
    //填充椭圆
    graphics.FillEllipse(&blackBrush, ellipseRect);
    //画边框,当然也可以不画
    Pen borderPen(Color::Green,3);
    graphics.DrawEllipse(&borderPen,ellipseRect);

还有类似的几个函数,这里就不一 一讲解了

它们是:

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  1. FillPie(Brush* brush, RectF& rect, REAL startAngle, REAL sweepAngle)    //填充扇形,对应DrawPie  
  2.   
  3. FillPolygon(Brush* brush, PointF* points, INT count)                       //填充多边形,对应DrawPolygon  
  4.   
  5. FillRectangle(Brush* brush, RectF& rect)                                          //填充矩形,对应DrawRectangle  
  6.   
  7. FillRectangles(Brush* brush, RectF* rects, INT count)                   //同时填充多个矩形,对应DrawRectangles  
FillPie(Brush* brush, RectF& rect, REAL startAngle, REAL sweepAngle)    //填充扇形,对应DrawPie

FillPolygon(Brush* brush, PointF* points, INT count)                       //填充多边形,对应DrawPolygon

FillRectangle(Brush* brush, RectF& rect)                                          //填充矩形,对应DrawRectangle

FillRectangles(Brush* brush, RectF* rects, INT count)                   //同时填充多个矩形,对应DrawRectangles

还有是关于路径和区域的,先记下,后面再说

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  1. Status FillPath( const Brush* brush, const GraphicsPath*path);  
  2.   
  3. Status FillRegion( const Brush* brush, const Region*region);  
Status FillPath( const Brush* brush, const GraphicsPath*path);

Status FillRegion( const Brush* brush, const Region*region);

写字(SolidBrush)

形式一:Status DrawString( const WCHAR*string, INTlength, const Font* font, const PointF&origin, const Brush*brush);

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  1. Graphics graphics(this->GetDC()->m_hDC);  
  2.   
  3. SolidBrush brush(Color(255,0,0,255));  
  4.   
  5. FontFamily fontfamily(L”宋体”);  
  6. Font font(&fontfamily,24,FontStyleRegular,UnitPixel);  
  7.   
  8. PointF  pointf(0,0);//PointF类对点进行了封装,这里是指定写字的开始点  
  9.   
  10. graphics.DrawString(L”GDI写字”,-1,&font,pointf,&brush);  
  11. //DrawString还有另外两个重载形式,能实现更强大的功能  
    Graphics graphics(this->GetDC()->m_hDC);

    SolidBrush brush(Color(255,0,0,255));

    FontFamily fontfamily(L"宋体");
    Font font(&fontfamily,24,FontStyleRegular,UnitPixel);

    PointF  pointf(0,0);//PointF类对点进行了封装,这里是指定写字的开始点

    graphics.DrawString(L"GDI写字",-1,&font,pointf,&brush);
    //DrawString还有另外两个重载形式,能实现更强大的功能


形式二:Status DrawString( const WCHAR*string, INT length, const Font*font, const RectF&layoutRect, const StringFormat*stringFormat, const Brush*brush);

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  1. WCHAR string[256];  
  2. wcscpy(string, L”Sample Text”);  
  3.   
  4. // Initialize arguments.  
  5. Font myFont(L”Arial”, 16);//字体  
  6. RectF layoutRect(0.0f, 0.0f, 200.0f, 50.0f);//矩形  
  7.   
  8. //设定字体格式  
  9. StringFormat format;  
  10. format.SetAlignment(StringAlignmentCenter); //水平方向的对齐方式,这里设置为水平居中  
  11. format.SetLineAlignment(StringAlignmentFar);//垂直方向的对齐方式,这里设置为垂直居下  
  12. SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));  
  13.   
  14. //画矩形边框  
  15. graphics.DrawRectangle(&Pen(Color::Green, 3), layoutRect);  
  16. //填充矩形背景  
  17. graphics.FillRectangle(&SolidBrush(Color(255,255,0,0)),layoutRect);  
  18. //DrawString,一定要先画背景再写字,要不然,字会被背景覆盖  
  19. graphics.DrawString(  
  20.     string,  
  21.     wcslen(string),  
  22.     &myFont,  
  23.     layoutRect,  
  24.     &format,  
  25.     &blackBrush);  
  WCHAR string[256];
    wcscpy(string, L"Sample Text");

    // Initialize arguments.
    Font myFont(L"Arial", 16);//字体
    RectF layoutRect(0.0f, 0.0f, 200.0f, 50.0f);//矩形

    //设定字体格式
    StringFormat format;
    format.SetAlignment(StringAlignmentCenter); //水平方向的对齐方式,这里设置为水平居中
    format.SetLineAlignment(StringAlignmentFar);//垂直方向的对齐方式,这里设置为垂直居下
    SolidBrush blackBrush(Color(255, 0, 0, 0));

    //画矩形边框
    graphics.DrawRectangle(&Pen(Color::Green, 3), layoutRect);
    //填充矩形背景
    graphics.FillRectangle(&SolidBrush(Color(255,255,0,0)),layoutRect);
    //DrawString,一定要先画背景再写字,要不然,字会被背景覆盖
    graphics.DrawString(
        string,
        wcslen(string),
        &myFont,
        layoutRect,
        &format,
        &blackBrush);

形式三:Status DrawString( const WCHAR*string, INTlength, const Font* font, const PointF&origin, const StringFormat* stringFormat, const Brush* brush);

这种形式是形式一与形式二的结合,指定写字开始点和字体格式,这里就不举例了。



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