圣索菲亚大教堂变身清真寺，意味着什么？

位于土耳其伊斯坦布尔的圣索菲亚大教堂，是世界上最伟大的古迹之一。它具有一千五百多年历史，被列入教科文组织的世界遗产名录。圣索菲亚大教堂地处亚欧大陆交界处，不仅是东西方文化的混合体，还见证了基督教和伊斯兰教的对峙与融合。它在历史上曾经历过数次身份转变：基督教堂、清真寺、博物馆……最近，土耳其宣布它的身份将再一次发生变化，引来国际上的广泛关注。

正文

Erdogan signs decree allowing Hagia Sophia to be used as a mosque again

埃尔多安签署法令，圣索菲亚大教堂再次改为清真寺

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan issued a decree ordering Hagia Sophia to be opened for Muslim prayers, an action likely to provoke international furor around a World Heritage Site cherished by Christians and Muslims alike for its religious significance, for its stunning structure and as a symbol of conquest.

土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安颁布了一项法令，宣布圣索菲亚大教堂对穆斯林的礼拜活动开放，这一举措可能会在世界范围内引发轩然大波。作为一座世界遗产，圣索菲亚大教堂因其深远的宗教意义、绝美的建筑结构，并且作为一段征服历史的象征，同时受到基督教徒和穆斯林的珍视。

Built in the sixth century as a cathedral, Hagia Sophia stands as the greatest example of Byzantine Christian architecture in the world. But it has been a source of Christian-Muslim rivalry, having stood at the center of Christendom for nearly a millennium and then, after being conquered, of the Muslim Ottoman Empire, when it was last used as a mosque.

圣索菲亚建于公元 6 世纪，最初是一座基督教大教堂，也是世界上基督教拜占庭式建筑最宏伟的典范。但它一直是基督教徒和穆斯林之间斗争的原因之一：在将近一千年的时间里，它矗立在整个基督教世界的中心；在被征服后，它又处在信奉伊斯兰教的奥斯曼帝国的中心——这也是它上一次被当做清真寺使用。

Famous for the grandeur of its immense and iconic dome, it was converted into a mosque after Mehmed II the Conqueror held his first Friday prayers there in 1453, three days after seizing control of what was then the city of Constantinople.

圣索菲亚大教堂以其巨大、具有标志性的宏伟穹顶闻名。1453 年，征服者穆罕默德二世攻占了这座当时还叫作“君士坦丁堡”的城市。三天后，他在圣索菲亚举行了他的第一次主麻日聚礼。在这之后，大教堂就变成了清真寺。

Under the secular republic of modern Turkey, the monument was turned into a museum in 1934. It was named a masterpiece of the World Heritage Site in Istanbul and has become Turkey's most popular tourist attraction, drawing 3.7 million visitors last year.

1934 年，土耳其共和国已是现代世俗国家，这座历史遗迹变成了博物馆。它被列为伊斯坦布尔的世界遗产杰作，也成了土耳其最受欢迎的旅游景点，去年吸引了 370 万名游客。

Erdogan's decree transferred control of the site to the Religious Affairs Directorate, sealing the removal of its museum status and allowing Hagia Sophia to become a working mosque once again. He added that the action of turning it from a mosque into a museum 80 years ago had been illegal, but pledged that the mosque would continue to be open to Muslims and non-Muslims alike.

埃尔多安签署的法令将圣索菲亚的管理权转交给土耳其宗教事务局，坐实了这座建筑被取消博物馆功能的消息，使圣索菲亚再次变成一座清真寺开放使用。埃尔多安补充道，80 年前，将它从清真寺变为博物馆的行为是非法的。但他也许诺，这座清真寺将继续同时向穆斯林和非穆斯林人士开放。