netty-简易聊天

public void send(String text) {

channel.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(text.getBytes()));

}

public void closeConnect() {

send(“bye”);

channel.close();

}

}

class MyHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

@Override

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {

ByteBuf buf = null;

try {

buf = (ByteBuf) msg;

byte[] bytes = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];

buf.getBytes(buf.readerIndex(), bytes);

String str = new String(bytes);

System.out.println(str);

System.out.println(buf.refCnt());

// 将数据更新到界面上

ClientFrame.INSTANCE.updateText(str);

} finally {

if (buf != null) {

ReferenceCountUtil.release(buf);

}

}

}

@Override

public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {

cause.printStackTrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

服务器:

====

package com.zy.nettychat;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;

import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;

import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;

import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;

import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;

import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;

import java.util.Objects;

public class ChatServer {

// 负责装载所有的客户端chnnel,方便向客户端写数据

public static ChannelGroup clients = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);

public static void main(String[] args) {

// 负责接客

EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(2);

// 负责服务

EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(4);

// 服务类

ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup);

bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);

// netty帮我们内部处理了accept过程

bootstrap.childHandler(new MyServerChildInitializer());

try {

ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(8888).sync();

channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();

bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();

}

}

}

class MyServerChildInitializer extends ChannelInitializer {

@Override

protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {

socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new MyChildHandler());

System.out.println(“a client connected !”);

}

}

class MyChildHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

// 表示客户端通道可用,因此在这里面添加客户端chnnel

@Override

public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

ChatServer.clients.add(ctx.channel());

}

@Override

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {

ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;

byte[] bytes = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];

buf.getBytes(buf.readerIndex(), bytes);

String str = new String(bytes);

System.out.println(“客户端数据:” + str);

if (Objects.equals(str, “bye”)) {

System.out.println(“client ready to quit”);

ChatServer.clients.remove(ctx.channel()); // 会自动释放buf,不需要显式关闭

ctx.close();

} else {

ChatServer.clients.writeAndFlush(msg);

}

}

@Override

public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {

ChatServer.clients.remove(ctx.channel());

cause.printStackTrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

Encoder和Decoder

===============

例如将坦克的位置传输给服务器,可以有两种方式:

第一种:

“30,20”.getBytes() ->服务器

第二种:

30->[0100110011011…]   32位字节数组

20->[…]                            32位字节数组

将8byte send to Server->

两种方式哪种更好???

第二种最好

字符串长度不固定,编码不固定,甚至语言不固定。并且转字符串效率比较低。(为什么低呢???)

netty-简易聊天_第1张图片

编码器和解码器由Netty自动识别调用,不用担心在需要Encoder时会误调用Decoder,也不用担心在需要Decoder时误用encoder

多种不同的编解码器可以混在一起使用共同实现程序的业务逻辑。

定义消息


package com.zy.nettycoder;

import lombok.Getter;

import lombok.Setter;

import lombok.ToString;

@Setter

@Getter

@ToString

public class TankMsg {

private int x;

private int y;

public TankMsg(int x, int y) {

this.x = x;

this.y = y;

}

}

客户端:


package com.zy.nettycoder;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;

import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;

import io.netty.channel.Channel;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;

import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;

import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

import io.netty.util.ReferenceCountUtil;

public class TankClient {

private Channel channel;

public void connect() {

// 负责服务

EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(4);

// 服务类

Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();

bootstrap.group(workerGroup);

bootstrap.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);

// netty帮我们内部处理了accept过程

bootstrap.handler(new ChannelInitializer() {

@Override

protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {

channel = socketChannel;

socketChannel.pipeline()

.addLast(new TankMsgEncoder()) // 天添加编码器,貌似必 须在handler之前啊!!!

.addLast(new TankMsgClientHandler());

}

});

try {

ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(“localhost”, 8888).sync();

// closeFuture表示如果有人调用了channel的close的方法,那么才会拿到close的future

// 如果没有关,就会阻塞到这里

channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();

}

}

public void send(String text) {

channel.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(text.getBytes()));

}

public void closeConnect() {

send(“bye”);

channel.close();

}

}

class TankMsgClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

@Override

public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

ctx.writeAndFlush(new TankMsg(5, 8));

}

@Override

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {

ByteBuf buf = null;

try {

buf = (ByteBuf) msg;

byte[] bytes = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];

buf.getBytes(buf.readerIndex(), bytes);

String str = new String(bytes);

System.out.println(str);

System.out.println(buf.refCnt());

} finally {

if (buf != null) {

ReferenceCountUtil.release(buf);

}

}

}

@Override

public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {

cause.printStackTrace();

ctx.close();

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new TankClient().connect();

}

}

定义编码器:


package com.zy.nettycoder;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import io.netty.handler.codec.MessageToByteEncoder;

public class TankMsgEncoder extends MessageToByteEncoder {

@Override

protected void encode(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, TankMsg tankMsg, ByteBuf byteBuf) throws Exception {

byteBuf.writeInt(tankMsg.getX());

byteBuf.writeInt(tankMsg.getY());

}

}

定义服务器:


package com.zy.nettycoder;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;

import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;

import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;

import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;

import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;

public class TankMsgServer {

// 负责装载所有的客户端chnnel,方便向客户端写数据

public static ChannelGroup clients = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE);

public static void serverStart() {

// 负责接客

EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(2);

// 负责服务

EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(4);

// 服务类

ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();

// 异步全双工

bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup);

bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);

// netty帮我们内部处理了accept过程

bootstrap.childHandler(new TankMsgServerChildInitializer());

try {

ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(8888).sync();

TankMsgServerFrame.INSTANCE.updateServerMsg(“server started!”);

channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();

bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();

}

}

}

class TankMsgServerChildInitializer extends ChannelInitializer {

@Override

protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {

socketChannel.pipeline()

.addLast(new TankMsgDecoder())

.addLast(new TankMsgChildHandler());

System.out.println(“a client connected !”);

}

}

class TankMsgChildHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

// 表示客户端通道可用,因此在这里面添加客户端chnnel

@Override

public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

TankMsgServer.clients.add(ctx.channel());

}

@Override

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {

System.out.println(“开始读取数据!!!”);

TankMsg tankMsg = (TankMsg) msg;

TankMsgServerFrame.INSTANCE.updateClientMsg(tankMsg.toString());

}

@Override

public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {

TankMsgServer.clients.remove(ctx.channel());

cause.printStackTrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

定义解码器:


package com.zy.nettycoder;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import io.netty.handler.codec.ByteToMessageDecoder;

import java.util.List;

public class TankMsgDecoder extends ByteToMessageDecoder {

@Override

protected void decode(ChannelHandlerContext channelHandlerContext, ByteBuf byteBuf, List list) throws Exception {

System.out.println(“TankMsgDecoder1111”);

if (byteBuf.readableBytes() < 8) {

return;

}

int x = byteBuf.readInt();

int y = byteBuf.readInt();

list.add(new TankMsg(x, y));

}

}

定义服务器界面:


package com.zy.nettycoder;

import java.awt.Font;

import java.awt.Frame;

import java.awt.GridLayout;

import java.awt.HeadlessException;

import java.awt.Panel;

import java.awt.TextArea;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TankMsgServerFrame extends Frame {

public static final TankMsgServerFrame INSTANCE = new TankMsgServerFrame();

private TextArea taServer = new TextArea();

private TextArea taClient = new TextArea();

public TankMsgServerFrame() throws HeadlessException {

this.setSize(800, 600);

this.setLocation(300, 30);

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netty-简易聊天_第2张图片

netty-简易聊天_第3张图片

netty-简易聊天_第4张图片

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如果你觉得这些内容对你有帮助,需要这份全套学习资料的朋友可以戳我获取!!

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public static final TankMsgServerFrame INSTANCE = new TankMsgServerFrame();

private TextArea taServer = new TextArea();

private TextArea taClient = new TextArea();

public TankMsgServerFrame() throws HeadlessException {

this.setSize(800, 600);

this.setLocation(300, 30);

最后

自我介绍一下,小编13年上海交大毕业,曾经在小公司待过,也去过华为、OPPO等大厂,18年进入阿里一直到现在。

深知大多数Java工程师,想要提升技能,往往是自己摸索成长,自己不成体系的自学效果低效漫长且无助。

因此收集整理了一份《2024年Java开发全套学习资料》,初衷也很简单,就是希望能够帮助到想自学提升又不知道该从何学起的朋友,同时减轻大家的负担。

[外链图片转存中…(img-PFNueR6m-1715853631515)]

[外链图片转存中…(img-IUpHZyCh-1715853631516)]

[外链图片转存中…(img-yhNdBXlK-1715853631516)]

既有适合小白学习的零基础资料,也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程,基本涵盖了95%以上Java开发知识点,不论你是刚入门Java开发的新手,还是希望在技术上不断提升的资深开发者,这些资料都将为你打开新的学习之门!

如果你觉得这些内容对你有帮助,需要这份全套学习资料的朋友可以戳我获取!!

由于文件比较大,这里只是将部分目录截图出来,每个节点里面都包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、讲解视频,并且会持续更新!

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