现在WP7的中文学习资料还是非常的少,自己摸索Windows Phone 7有一阵子,现在与大家分享一些自己常用技巧和个人的学习总结,同时也作为自己学习资料,用到时方便查阅,由于个人学习能力和知识有限,如果有错误或者不好之处,欢迎大家拍砖纠正,同时欢迎大家共同交流。
ApplicationBar控件时windows phone 7上的一个菜单,一个ApplicationBar最多可包含四个按钮。如果还有额外的选项可以通过菜单项来添加,这些菜单项默认是不显示的。只有在点击菜单栏右侧的省略号(或省略号下方的区域)时才会显示出来。它传统的Windows程序的菜单的作用类似。
假如前台代码有个ListBox里的项,我想实现点击某一项时,利用ApplicationBar有个删除按钮(appbarDelete)的删除事件进行删除,因此在未选择任何项时,默认是禁用的(IsEnabled="False"),但点击ListBox某一项激活了之后,该按钮就启用(IsEnabled="True")。
ApplicationBar代码如下:
<phone:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar>
<shell:ApplicationBar IsVisible="True">
<shell:ApplicationBarIconButton x:Name="appbarDelete" IsEnabled="False" IconUri="/Assets/AppBar/delete.png" Text="删除" Click="appbarDelete_Click"/>
</shell:ApplicationBar>
</phone:PhoneApplicationPage.ApplicationBar>
ListBox前台接口如下:
<ListBox Name="messageList" SelectionChanged="messageList_SelectionChanged">
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<!-- 这里省略 -->
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>
ListBox的选中事件代码如下:
private void messageList_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
if (messageList.SelectedItem != null)
{
appbarDelete.IsEnabled = true; //选中某项时激活ApplicationBar的删除按钮
}
else
{
appbarDelete.IsEnabled = false; //未选中时禁用ApplicationBar的删除按钮
}
}
点击时会出现如下异常NullReferenceException:
在Xaml构造函数初始化时,加入以下代码即可解决:
public DemoPage()
{
InitializeComponent();
// Re-assign names already in the XAML file
//解决按钮无法调用问题
appbarDelete = this.ApplicationBar.Buttons[3] as ApplicationBarIconButton;
}
注意,一般ApplicationBar有四个按钮,由于这个示例,只有一个按钮。加入上面这句代码之后,就可以解决问题,当我解决之后,点击列表某一项,就激活了删除按钮,我点击删除,就可以删除当前这项信息,如下图:
选中之后状态:
IsolateStorage是本地存储的实现,具体介绍大家可以查阅相关资料,本次直接从微软Demo封装代码中抽取出来,具体代码如下:
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Microsoft Developer & Platform Evangelism
//
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//
// THIS CODE AND INFORMATION ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
// EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
// OF MERCHANTABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// The example companies, organizations, products, domain names,
// e-mail addresses, logos, people, places, and events depicted
// herein are fictitious. No association with any real company,
// organization, product, domain name, email address, logo, person,
// places, or events is intended or should be inferred.
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using System.IO;
using System.IO.IsolatedStorage;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
using System.Text;
namespace Foolin.Helper
{
public static class IsolatedStorageHelper
{
public static T GetObject<T>(string key)
{
if (IsolatedStorageSettings.ApplicationSettings.Contains(key))
{
string serializedObject = IsolatedStorageSettings.ApplicationSettings[key].ToString();
return Deserialize<T>(serializedObject);
}
return default(T);
}
public static void SaveObject<T>(string key, T objectToSave)
{
string serializedObject = Serialize(objectToSave);
IsolatedStorageSettings.ApplicationSettings[key] = serializedObject;
}
public static void DeleteObject(string key)
{
IsolatedStorageSettings.ApplicationSettings.Remove(key);
}
private static string Serialize(object objectToSerialize)
{
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
{
DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(objectToSerialize.GetType());
serializer.WriteObject(ms, objectToSerialize);
ms.Position = 0;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(ms))
{
return reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
private static T Deserialize<T>(string jsonString)
{
using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(jsonString)))
{
DataContractJsonSerializer serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
return (T)serializer.ReadObject(ms);
}
}
}
}
此外,如果你是Windows Phone OS 7.1版本的话,您需要手动添加System.Servicemodel.Web,否则你会出现未找到System.Runtime.Serialization.Json命名空间的错误。
WP7木有提供MD5加密的方法,可是这个经常会用到,网上找了一个MD5的方法,直接上代码:
using System; using System.Net; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Controls; using System.Windows.Documents; using System.Windows.Ink; using System.Windows.Input; using System.Windows.Media; using System.Windows.Media.Animation; using System.Windows.Shapes; using System.Text; using System.IO; namespace Foolin.Helper { public class MD5CryptoServiceProvider : MD5 { public MD5CryptoServiceProvider() : base() { } } /// <summary> /// Summary description for MD5. /// </summary> public class MD5 : IDisposable { static public MD5 Create(string hashName) { if (hashName == "MD5") return new MD5(); else throw new NotSupportedException(); } static public String GetMd5String(String source) { MD5 md = MD5CryptoServiceProvider.Create(); byte[] hash; //Create a new instance of ASCIIEncoding to //convert the string into an array of Unicode bytes. UTF8Encoding enc = new UTF8Encoding(); // ASCIIEncoding enc = new ASCIIEncoding(); //Convert the string into an array of bytes. byte[] buffer = enc.GetBytes(source); //Create the hash value from the array of bytes. hash = md.ComputeHash(buffer); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (byte b in hash) sb.Append(b.ToString("x2")); return sb.ToString(); } static public MD5 Create() { return new MD5(); } #region base implementation of the MD5 #region constants private const byte S11 = 7; private const byte S12 = 12; private const byte S13 = 17; private const byte S14 = 22; private const byte S21 = 5; private const byte S22 = 9; private const byte S23 = 14; private const byte S24 = 20; private const byte S31 = 4; private const byte S32 = 11; private const byte S33 = 16; private const byte S34 = 23; private const byte S41 = 6; private const byte S42 = 10; private const byte S43 = 15; private const byte S44 = 21; static private byte[] PADDING = new byte[] { 0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }; #endregion #region F, G, H and I are basic MD5 functions. static private uint F(uint x, uint y, uint z) { return (((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z))); } static private uint G(uint x, uint y, uint z) { return (((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (~z))); } static private uint H(uint x, uint y, uint z) { return ((x) ^ (y) ^ (z)); } static private uint I(uint x, uint y, uint z) { return ((y) ^ ((x) | (~z))); } #endregion #region rotates x left n bits. /// <summary> /// rotates x left n bits. /// </summary> /// <param name="x"></param> /// <param name="n"></param> /// <returns></returns> static private uint ROTATE_LEFT(uint x, byte n) { return (((x) << (n)) | ((x) >> (32 - (n)))); } #endregion #region FF, GG, HH, and II transformations /// FF, GG, HH, and II transformations /// for rounds 1, 2, 3, and 4. /// Rotation is separate from addition to prevent recomputation. static private void FF(ref uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d, uint x, byte s, uint ac) { (a) += F((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (uint)(ac); (a) = ROTATE_LEFT((a), (s)); (a) += (b); } static private void GG(ref uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d, uint x, byte s, uint ac) { (a) += G((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (uint)(ac); (a) = ROTATE_LEFT((a), (s)); (a) += (b); } static private void HH(ref uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d, uint x, byte s, uint ac) { (a) += H((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (uint)(ac); (a) = ROTATE_LEFT((a), (s)); (a) += (b); } static private void II(ref uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d, uint x, byte s, uint ac) { (a) += I((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (uint)(ac); (a) = ROTATE_LEFT((a), (s)); (a) += (b); } #endregion #region context info /// <summary> /// state (ABCD) /// </summary> uint[] state = new uint[4]; /// <summary> /// number of bits, modulo 2^64 (lsb first) /// </summary> uint[] count = new uint[2]; /// <summary> /// input buffer /// </summary> byte[] buffer = new byte[64]; #endregion internal MD5() { Initialize(); } /// <summary> /// MD5 initialization. Begins an MD5 operation, writing a new context. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// The RFC named it "MD5Init" /// </remarks> public virtual void Initialize() { count[0] = count[1] = 0; // Load magic initialization constants. state[0] = 0x67452301; state[1] = 0xefcdab89; state[2] = 0x98badcfe; state[3] = 0x10325476; } /// <summary> /// MD5 block update operation. Continues an MD5 message-digest /// operation, processing another message block, and updating the /// context. /// </summary> /// <param name="input"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> /// <remarks>The RFC Named it MD5Update</remarks> protected virtual void HashCore(byte[] input, int offset, int count) { int i; int index; int partLen; // Compute number of bytes mod 64 index = (int)((this.count[0] >> 3) & 0x3F); // Update number of bits if ((this.count[0] += (uint)((uint)count << 3)) < ((uint)count << 3)) this.count[1]++; this.count[1] += ((uint)count >> 29); partLen = 64 - index; // Transform as many times as possible. if (count >= partLen) { Buffer.BlockCopy(input, offset, this.buffer, index, partLen); Transform(this.buffer, 0); for (i = partLen; i + 63 < count; i += 64) Transform(input, offset + i); index = 0; } else i = 0; // Buffer remaining input Buffer.BlockCopy(input, offset + i, this.buffer, index, count - i); } /// <summary> /// MD5 finalization. Ends an MD5 message-digest operation, writing the /// the message digest and zeroizing the context. /// </summary> /// <returns>message digest</returns> /// <remarks>The RFC named it MD5Final</remarks> protected virtual byte[] HashFinal() { byte[] digest = new byte[16]; byte[] bits = new byte[8]; int index, padLen; // Save number of bits Encode(bits, 0, this.count, 0, 8); // Pad out to 56 mod 64. index = (int)((uint)(this.count[0] >> 3) & 0x3f); padLen = (index < 56) ? (56 - index) : (120 - index); HashCore(PADDING, 0, padLen); // Append length (before padding) HashCore(bits, 0, 8); // Store state in digest Encode(digest, 0, state, 0, 16); // Zeroize sensitive information. count[0] = count[1] = 0; state[0] = 0; state[1] = 0; state[2] = 0; state[3] = 0; // initialize again, to be ready to use Initialize(); return digest; } /// <summary> /// MD5 basic transformation. Transforms state based on 64 bytes block. /// </summary> /// <param name="block"></param> /// <param name="offset"></param> private void Transform(byte[] block, int offset) { uint a = state[0], b = state[1], c = state[2], d = state[3]; uint[] x = new uint[16]; Decode(x, 0, block, offset, 64); // Round 1 FF(ref a, b, c, d, x[0], S11, 0xd76aa478); /* 1 */ FF(ref d, a, b, c, x[1], S12, 0xe8c7b756); /* 2 */ FF(ref c, d, a, b, x[2], S13, 0x242070db); /* 3 */ FF(ref b, c, d, a, x[3], S14, 0xc1bdceee); /* 4 */ FF(ref a, b, c, d, x[4], S11, 0xf57c0faf); /* 5 */ FF(ref d, a, b, c, x[5], S12, 0x4787c62a); /* 6 */ FF(ref c, d, a, b, x[6], S13, 0xa8304613); /* 7 */ FF(ref b, c, d, a, x[7], S14, 0xfd469501); /* 8 */ FF(ref a, b, c, d, x[8], S11, 0x698098d8); /* 9 */ FF(ref d, a, b, c, x[9], S12, 0x8b44f7af); /* 10 */ FF(ref c, d, a, b, x[10], S13, 0xffff5bb1); /* 11 */ FF(ref b, c, d, a, x[11], S14, 0x895cd7be); /* 12 */ FF(ref a, b, c, d, x[12], S11, 0x6b901122); /* 13 */ FF(ref d, a, b, c, x[13], S12, 0xfd987193); /* 14 */ FF(ref c, d, a, b, x[14], S13, 0xa679438e); /* 15 */ FF(ref b, c, d, a, x[15], S14, 0x49b40821); /* 16 */ // Round 2 GG(ref a, b, c, d, x[1], S21, 0xf61e2562); /* 17 */ GG(ref d, a, b, c, x[6], S22, 0xc040b340); /* 18 */ GG(ref c, d, a, b, x[11], S23, 0x265e5a51); /* 19 */ GG(ref b, c, d, a, x[0], S24, 0xe9b6c7aa); /* 20 */ GG(ref a, b, c, d, x[5], S21, 0xd62f105d); /* 21 */ GG(ref d, a, b, c, x[10], S22, 0x2441453); /* 22 */ GG(ref c, d, a, b, x[15], S23, 0xd8a1e681); /* 23 */ GG(ref b, c, d, a, x[4], S24, 0xe7d3fbc8); /* 24 */ GG(ref a, b, c, d, x[9], S21, 0x21e1cde6); /* 25 */ GG(ref d, a, b, c, x[14], S22, 0xc33707d6); /* 26 */ GG(ref c, d, a, b, x[3], S23, 0xf4d50d87); /* 27 */ GG(ref b, c, d, a, x[8], S24, 0x455a14ed); /* 28 */ GG(ref a, b, c, d, x[13], S21, 0xa9e3e905); /* 29 */ GG(ref d, a, b, c, x[2], S22, 0xfcefa3f8); /* 30 */ GG(ref c, d, a, b, x[7], S23, 0x676f02d9); /* 31 */ GG(ref b, c, d, a, x[12], S24, 0x8d2a4c8a); /* 32 */ // Round 3 HH(ref a, b, c, d, x[5], S31, 0xfffa3942); /* 33 */ HH(ref d, a, b, c, x[8], S32, 0x8771f681); /* 34 */ HH(ref c, d, a, b, x[11], S33, 0x6d9d6122); /* 35 */ HH(ref b, c, d, a, x[14], S34, 0xfde5380c); /* 36 */ HH(ref a, b, c, d, x[1], S31, 0xa4beea44); /* 37 */ HH(ref d, a, b, c, x[4], S32, 0x4bdecfa9); /* 38 */ HH(ref c, d, a, b, x[7], S33, 0xf6bb4b60); /* 39 */ HH(ref b, c, d, a, x[10], S34, 0xbebfbc70); /* 40 */ HH(ref a, b, c, d, x[13], S31, 0x289b7ec6); /* 41 */ HH(ref d, a, b, c, x[0], S32, 0xeaa127fa); /* 42 */ HH(ref c, d, a, b, x[3], S33, 0xd4ef3085); /* 43 */ HH(ref b, c, d, a, x[6], S34, 0x4881d05); /* 44 */ HH(ref a, b, c, d, x[9], S31, 0xd9d4d039); /* 45 */ HH(ref d, a, b, c, x[12], S32, 0xe6db99e5); /* 46 */ HH(ref c, d, a, b, x[15], S33, 0x1fa27cf8); /* 47 */ HH(ref b, c, d, a, x[2], S34, 0xc4ac5665); /* 48 */ // Round 4 II(ref a, b, c, d, x[0], S41, 0xf4292244); /* 49 */ II(ref d, a, b, c, x[7], S42, 0x432aff97); /* 50 */ II(ref c, d, a, b, x[14], S43, 0xab9423a7); /* 51 */ II(ref b, c, d, a, x[5], S44, 0xfc93a039); /* 52 */ II(ref a, b, c, d, x[12], S41, 0x655b59c3); /* 53 */ II(ref d, a, b, c, x[3], S42, 0x8f0ccc92); /* 54 */ II(ref c, d, a, b, x[10], S43, 0xffeff47d); /* 55 */ II(ref b, c, d, a, x[1], S44, 0x85845dd1); /* 56 */ II(ref a, b, c, d, x[8], S41, 0x6fa87e4f); /* 57 */ II(ref d, a, b, c, x[15], S42, 0xfe2ce6e0); /* 58 */ II(ref c, d, a, b, x[6], S43, 0xa3014314); /* 59 */ II(ref b, c, d, a, x[13], S44, 0x4e0811a1); /* 60 */ II(ref a, b, c, d, x[4], S41, 0xf7537e82); /* 61 */ II(ref d, a, b, c, x[11], S42, 0xbd3af235); /* 62 */ II(ref c, d, a, b, x[2], S43, 0x2ad7d2bb); /* 63 */ II(ref b, c, d, a, x[9], S44, 0xeb86d391); /* 64 */ state[0] += a; state[1] += b; state[2] += c; state[3] += d; // Zeroize sensitive information. for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++) x[i] = 0; } /// <summary> /// Encodes input (uint) into output (byte). Assumes len is /// multiple of 4. /// </summary> /// <param name="output"></param> /// <param name="outputOffset"></param> /// <param name="input"></param> /// <param name="inputOffset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> private static void Encode(byte[] output, int outputOffset, uint[] input, int inputOffset, int count) { int i, j; int end = outputOffset + count; for (i = inputOffset, j = outputOffset; j < end; i++, j += 4) { output[j] = (byte)(input[i] & 0xff); output[j + 1] = (byte)((input[i] >> 8) & 0xff); output[j + 2] = (byte)((input[i] >> 16) & 0xff); output[j + 3] = (byte)((input[i] >> 24) & 0xff); } } /// <summary> /// Decodes input (byte) into output (uint). Assumes len is /// a multiple of 4. /// </summary> /// <param name="output"></param> /// <param name="outputOffset"></param> /// <param name="input"></param> /// <param name="inputOffset"></param> /// <param name="count"></param> static private void Decode(uint[] output, int outputOffset, byte[] input, int inputOffset, int count) { int i, j; int end = inputOffset + count; for (i = outputOffset, j = inputOffset; j < end; i++, j += 4) output[i] = ((uint)input[j]) | (((uint)input[j + 1]) << 8) | (((uint)input[j + 2]) << 16) | (((uint)input[j + 3]) << 24); } #endregion #region expose the same interface as the regular MD5 object protected byte[] HashValue; protected int State; public virtual bool CanReuseTransform { get { return true; } } public virtual bool CanTransformMultipleBlocks { get { return true; } } public virtual byte[] Hash { get { if (this.State != 0) throw new InvalidOperationException(); return (byte[])HashValue.Clone(); } } public virtual int HashSize { get { return HashSizeValue; } } protected int HashSizeValue = 128; public virtual int InputBlockSize { get { return 1; } } public virtual int OutputBlockSize { get { return 1; } } public void Clear() { Dispose(true); } public byte[] ComputeHash(byte[] buffer) { return ComputeHash(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); } public byte[] ComputeHash(byte[] buffer, int offset, int count) { Initialize(); HashCore(buffer, offset, count); HashValue = HashFinal(); return (byte[])HashValue.Clone(); } public byte[] ComputeHash(Stream inputStream) { Initialize(); int count = 0; byte[] buffer = new byte[4096]; while (0 < (count = inputStream.Read(buffer, 0, 4096))) { HashCore(buffer, 0, count); } HashValue = HashFinal(); return (byte[])HashValue.Clone(); } public int TransformBlock( byte[] inputBuffer, int inputOffset, int inputCount, byte[] outputBuffer, int outputOffset ) { if (inputBuffer == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("inputBuffer"); } if (inputOffset < 0) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("inputOffset"); } if ((inputCount < 0) || (inputCount > inputBuffer.Length)) { throw new ArgumentException("inputCount"); } if ((inputBuffer.Length - inputCount) < inputOffset) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("inputOffset"); } if (this.State == 0) { Initialize(); this.State = 1; } HashCore(inputBuffer, inputOffset, inputCount); if ((inputBuffer != outputBuffer) || (inputOffset != outputOffset)) { Buffer.BlockCopy(inputBuffer, inputOffset, outputBuffer, outputOffset, inputCount); } return inputCount; } public byte[] TransformFinalBlock( byte[] inputBuffer, int inputOffset, int inputCount ) { if (inputBuffer == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("inputBuffer"); } if (inputOffset < 0) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("inputOffset"); } if ((inputCount < 0) || (inputCount > inputBuffer.Length)) { throw new ArgumentException("inputCount"); } if ((inputBuffer.Length - inputCount) < inputOffset) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("inputOffset"); } if (this.State == 0) { Initialize(); } HashCore(inputBuffer, inputOffset, inputCount); HashValue = HashFinal(); byte[] buffer = new byte[inputCount]; Buffer.BlockCopy(inputBuffer, inputOffset, buffer, 0, inputCount); this.State = 0; return buffer; } #endregion protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (!disposing) Initialize(); } public void Dispose() { Dispose(true); } } }
调用方法如下:
string password = "IamFoolin";
password = MD5.GetMd5String(password); //MD5加密
由于学习WP7才学Silverlight,因此对Silverlight的NavigationService.Navigate();方法特别好用,相当于Asp.net里面的Response.Redirect();,代码如下:
this.NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/MyPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
但是这个方法只能在Xaml的非构造函数里面使用,如果在构造函数里面使用的话,就会出现异常NullReferenceException:
public LoginPage()
{
InitializeComponent();
//判断是否已经登录
if (Logic.UserLogic.IsLogin())
{
this.NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/MyPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
}
}
异常信息如下:
/// <summary>
/// 重写方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e"></param>
protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
{
//判断是否已经登录
if (Logic.UserLogic.IsLogin())
{
this.NavigationService.Navigate(new Uri("/MyPage.xaml", UriKind.Relative));
}
}
这样就解决了页面加载前的跳转。
最后因时间问题,太晚了,明天还要上班哦,囧...! 简单介绍一下WP7是如何修改默认启动页,这对初学者应该还是比较迷惑的,修改默认启动页设置在项目的Properties/WMAppManifest.xml文件里面找到如下节点:
<Tasks>
<DefaultTask Name ="_default" NavigationPage="LoginPage.xaml"/>
</Tasks>
例如我把MainPage.xaml改为LoginPage.xaml页面。
结束语:因太晚了,明天还要上班...... 相信很多童鞋都笑而不语,这叫晚啊?在这个时候都是会觉得还特别早,说不定还有很多童鞋在加班赶项目呢,但大家还是要提醒大家照顾好自己身体,注意好休息,所以暂时写这几个,以后在不断学习中还会写一些总结或者想法与大家交流,刚才说的几点由于我个人理解不透或者错误之处,请大家拍砖指正,在这凌晨的时候,跟大家说声“早安”!