java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite

一.Junit
    1.怎么使用
        在AndroidManifest.xml文件中进行配置, 在manifest借点下配置instrumentation, 在application借点下配置uses-library
        定义类继承AndroidTestCast
        定义测试方法, Run As JunitTest
        如果需要判断测试结果, 可以使用Assert.assertEquals()方法.

下面是利用独立的测试工程JunitTest来测试工程Junit:

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第1张图片

package com.shellway.junit;

public class Service {
      public int divide(int a,int b){
          return a/b;
      }
}
Service.java
package com.shellway.junit;

import junit.framework.Assert;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;

public class TestT extends AndroidTestCase {
    public void test1(){
        Service service = new Service();
        System.out.println(service.divide(10, 2));
    }
    public void test2(){
        Service service = new Service();
        System.out.println(service.divide(10, 0));
    }
    public void test3(){
        Service service = new Service();
        Assert.assertEquals(2.5, service.divide(10, 4));
    }
}
TestT.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.shellway.junit"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="16"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
       <instrumentation
        android:targetPackage="com.shellway.junit"
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner" />
    
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>
AndroidManifest.xml

JunitTest工程中的:

package com.shellway.junit.test;

import junit.framework.Assert;

import com.shellway.junit.Service;

import android.test.AndroidTestCase;

public class MyTest extends AndroidTestCase {
    public void test1(){
        Service service = new Service();
        System.out.println(service.divide(10,2));
    }
    public void test2(){
        Service service = new Service();
        System.out.println(service.divide(10, 0));
    }
    public void test3(){
        Service service = new Service();
        Assert.assertEquals(2.5, service.divide(10, 4));
    }
}
MyTest.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.shellway.junit.test"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="16" />

    <instrumentation
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
        android:targetPackage="com.shellway.junit" />

    <application
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
        <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
    </application>
</manifest>
AndroidManifest.xml


二.日志
    1.怎么使用
        Log.v(), d(), i(), w(), e()
        可以按级别输出日子信息, 可以指定Tag

package com.example.logcat;

import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;

public class LogTest extends AndroidTestCase {
    public void test1(){
        System.out.println("System.out");
        System.err.println("System.out");
    }
    public void test2(){
        Log.v("LogTest", "verbose");
        Log.d("LogTest", "debug");
        Log.i("LogTest", "info");
        Log.w("LogTest", "warning");
        Log.e("LogTest", "error");
    }
}
LogTest.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.logcat"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
        <instrumentation
        android:targetPackage="com.example.logcat"
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner" />
    
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
     <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>
AndroidManifest.xml


三.读写文件
    1.读写SD卡
        获取SD卡路径要使用Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
        最好在使用SD卡之前判断状态, Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)
        写入SD卡需要权限, android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.shellway.output.MainActivity" >

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/nameET"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="请输入文件名" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/contentET"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/nameET"
        android:hint="请输入文件内容"
        android:inputType="textMultiLine"
        android:minLines="3" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/sdcBT"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/contentET"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="保存到SD卡" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/romBT"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@id/contentET"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/sdcBT"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="保存到ROM" />

</RelativeLayout>
activity_main.xml
package com.shellway.fileoutput01;

import com.shellway.service.FileService;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    private EditText editText1;
    private EditText editText2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public void onClick(View view) {
        try {
             editText1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.nameET);
             editText2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.contentET);
            String name = editText1.getText().toString();
            String content = editText2.getText().toString();
            
            FileService service = new FileService(this);
            switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.sdcBT:
                System.out.println("SD卡");
                //先判断SD的状态
                if (!(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))) {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "SD卡状态异常,不能保存", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
                    return;
                }
                service.saveToSDcard(name,content);
                break;
            case R.id.romBT:
                System.out.println("ROM");
                service.saveToROM(name,content);
                break;
            }
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "保存成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "保存失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }
}
MainActivity.java
package com.shellway.service;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Environment;

public class FileService {
    private Context context;

    public FileService(Context context) {
        this.context = context;
    }

    //有异常先抛出,给主程序catch
    public void saveToSDcard(String name, String content) throws Exception {
        //获取SD卡所在目录,这种方式兼容所有版本
        File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),name);
        //创建输出流,指向SD卡所在目录
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
        //写出文件内容,默认UTF-8
        fileOutputStream.write(content.getBytes());
        fileOutputStream.close();
        
        System.out.println("总空间:"+file.getTotalSpace()); 
        System.out.println("剩余空间:"+file.getFreeSpace());
    }
    
    public void saveToROM(String name, String content) throws Exception {
        /**
         * openFileOutput()方法只有在MainActivity可用,现在经过传它的构造函数过来,在这里再调用它
         * 现在openFileOutput()方法的作用是:它会在当前环境(即当前应用在所在的文件夹下)根据name创建一个输出流
         * 模式:MODE_PRIVATE。表示只有当前应用能访问这个文件,其它应用访问不了
         */
        FileOutputStream fos = context.openFileOutput(name, Context.MODE_APPEND);
        fos.write(content.getBytes());
        fos.close();
        //往手机上写内容不用申请权限,写入SD卡才要。
    }
}
FileService.java

    2.读写手机
        可以使用Context.openFileOutput(String, int)方法打开输出流
        指定文件名后会自动在当前应用所在文件夹下生成files文件夹, 在其中创建文件
        int参数是文件权限, 可以是使用Context下的常量进行设置,即:

      第一个参数,代表文件名称,注意这里的文件名称不能包括任何的/或者/这种分隔符,
      只能是文件名 该文件会被保存在/data/data/应用名称/files/chenzheng_java.txt 。
      第二个参数,代表文件的操作模式 :
      MODE_PRIVATE 私有(只能创建它的应用访问) 重复写入时会文件覆盖
      MODE_APPEND 私有 重复写入时会在文件的末尾进行追加,而不是覆盖掉原来的文件
      MODE_WORLD_READABLE 公用 可读
      MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE 公用 可读写

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第2张图片

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第3张图片

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="请您输入要保存的内容:"
    />
 <EditText
     android:id="@+id/addText"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:hint="请您在此处输入文件内容!"
 />   
 <Button 
     android:id="@+id/addButton"
     android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:text="save"
 />
 <Button
     android:id="@+id/showButton"
     android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="show"
 />
 <TextView
     android:id="@+id/showText"  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    />
 
</LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
package cn.com.file;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class FileTest extends Activity {
    private EditText editText;
    private TextView showTextView;
    // 要保存的文件名
    private String fileName = "chenzheng_java.txt";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        // 获取页面中的组件
        editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.addText);
        showTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.showText);
        Button addButton = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.addButton);
        Button showButton = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.showButton);
        // 绑定单击事件
        addButton.setOnClickListener(listener);
        showButton.setOnClickListener(listener);

    }

    // 声明监听器
    private View.OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Button view = (Button) v;
            switch (view.getId()) {
            case R.id.addButton:
                save();
                break;
            case R.id.showButton:
                read();
                break;

            }

        }

    };

    /**
     *@author chenzheng_Java 
     *保存用户输入的内容到文件
     */
    private void save() {

        String content = editText.getText().toString();
        try {
            /* 根据用户提供的文件名,以及文件的应用模式,打开一个输出流.文件不存系统会为你创建一个的,
             * 至于为什么这个地方还有FileNotFoundException抛出,我也比较纳闷。在Context中是这样定义的
             *   public abstract FileOutputStream openFileOutput(String name, int mode)
             *   throws FileNotFoundException;
             * openFileOutput(String name, int mode);
             * 第一个参数,代表文件名称,注意这里的文件名称不能包括任何的/或者/这种分隔符,只能是文件名
             *          该文件会被保存在/data/data/应用名称/files/chenzheng_java.txt
             * 第二个参数,代表文件的操作模式
             *             MODE_PRIVATE 私有(只能创建它的应用访问) 重复写入时会文件覆盖
             *             MODE_APPEND  私有   重复写入时会在文件的末尾进行追加,而不是覆盖掉原来的文件
             *             MODE_WORLD_READABLE 公用  可读
             *             MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE 公用 可读写
             *  */
            FileOutputStream outputStream = openFileOutput(fileName,
                    Activity.MODE_PRIVATE);
            outputStream.write(content.getBytes());
            outputStream.flush();
            outputStream.close();
            Toast.makeText(FileTest.this, "保存成功", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * @author chenzheng_java 
     * 读取刚才用户保存的内容
     */
    private void read() {
        try {
            FileInputStream inputStream = this.openFileInput(fileName);
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            ByteArrayOutputStream arrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            while (inputStream.read(bytes) != -1) {
                arrayOutputStream.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
            }
            inputStream.close();
            arrayOutputStream.close();
            String content = new String(arrayOutputStream.toByteArray());
            showTextView.setText(content);

        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}
FileTest.java

结果图:

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第4张图片

对于这个程序,重要的是context为我们提供了两个方法来获取输入输出流。

四.SharedPreferences
    1.什么是SharedPreferences
        是一个键值对结构的容器, 类似于Map(Properties), 可以向其中存储键值对, 根据键查找值, 存储在容器中的数据会以xml文件形式保存.
    2.怎么使用
        使用Context.getSharedPreferences(String, int)获取对象, 指定文件名和文件模式
        使用SharedPreferences.edit()方法获取编辑器Editor
        使用Editor.putString(), putInt()等方法存储数据
        使用Editor.commit()方法提交修改(类似事务)
        获取的时候直接使用 SharedPreferences.getString(), getInt()等方法获取数据

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第5张图片

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="姓名" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/nameET"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         >
        <requestFocus />
    </EditText>

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="电话" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/phoneET"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="邮箱" />
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/emailET"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="onClick"
        android:text="保存为默认" />
    
</LinearLayout>
activity_main.xml
package com.shellway.sp;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.Editor;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    private EditText nameET;
    private EditText phoneET;
    private EditText emailET;
    private SharedPreferences sp;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //获取文本信息
        nameET = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.nameET);
        phoneET = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.phoneET);
        emailET = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.emailET);
        //获取对象,默认指定当前应用,文件名为data.xml.模式为私有
        sp = getSharedPreferences("data", MODE_PRIVATE);
        nameET.setText(sp.getString("name", ""));
        phoneET.setText(sp.getString("phone", ""));
        emailET.setText(sp.getString("email", ""));
    }
    
    public void onClick(View view){
        String name = nameET.getText().toString();
        String phone = phoneET.getText().toString();
        String email = emailET.getText().toString();
        Editor editor = sp.edit();//获取编辑器
        editor.putString("name", name);//存储数据(还没进入文件)
        editor.putString("phone", phone);
        editor.putString("email", email);
        editor.commit(); //提交修改(类似事务)     
    }
}
MainActivity.java

       
五.XML
    1.解析
        获取解析器: Xml.newPullParser()
        设置输入流: parser.setInput(InputStream, String)
        获取当前事件类型: parser.getEventType(), 共5种
        获取下一个事件类型: parser.next()
        获取标签名: parser.getName()
        获取属性值: parser.getAttributeValue(int)
        获取下一个文本: parser.nextText()
    2.生成
        获取解析器:
        设置输出流:
        开始文档:
        结束文档:
        开启标签:
        结束标签:
        设置属性:
        设置文本:

练习:
java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第6张图片

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='yes' ?>
<persons>
    <person id="1">
        <name>范冰冰</name>
        <age>31</age>
    </person>
    <person id="2">
        <name>林志玲</name>
        <age>38</age>
    </person>
    <person id="3">
        <name>杨幂</name>
        <age>26</age>
    </person>
</persons>
persons.xml
package com.shellway.xml;

public class Persons {
     private Integer id;
     private String name;
     private Integer age;
     
    public Persons() {
        super();
    }
    
    public Persons(Integer id, String name, Integer age) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Persons [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
    }
}
persons.java
package com.shellway.xml;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlSerializer;

import android.util.Xml;

public class PersonService {
    
    public List<Persons> loadPerson(InputStream in) throws Exception{
        List<Persons> list = new ArrayList<Persons>();
        XmlPullParser paser = Xml.newPullParser();
        paser.setInput(in, "utf-8");
        Persons p = null;
        for (int type =paser.getEventType(); type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT; type=paser.next()) {
            if (type == XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                if (paser.getName().equals("person")) {
                    p = new Persons();
                    String id = paser.getAttributeValue(null, "id");
                    p.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
                    list.add(p);
                } else if (paser.getName().equals("name")) {
                    String name = paser.nextText();
                    p.setName(name);
                }else if (paser.getName().equals("age")) {
                    String age = paser.nextText();
                    p.setAge(Integer.parseInt(age));
                }
                
            }
        }
        
        return list;
    }

    public void savePerson(List<Persons> persons,FileOutputStream fileOutputStream) throws Exception {
        
        XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = Xml.newSerializer();
        xmlSerializer.setOutput(fileOutputStream, "utf-8");
        xmlSerializer.startDocument("utf-8", true);
        xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "persons");
        for (Persons p : persons) {
            xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "person");
            xmlSerializer.attribute(null, "id", p.getId().toString());
            xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "person");
            
            xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "name");
            xmlSerializer.text(p.getName());
            xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "name");
            
            xmlSerializer.startTag(null, "age");
            xmlSerializer.text(p.getAge().toString());
            xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "age");
        }
        xmlSerializer.endTag(null, "persons");
        xmlSerializer.endDocument();
    }
}
PersonService.java
package com.shellway.xml;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

import android.test.AndroidTestCase;

public class TestPerson extends AndroidTestCase {
     public void testLoad() throws Exception{
         PersonService personService = new PersonService();
         InputStream in = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("persons.xml");
         List<Persons> persons = personService.loadPerson(in);
         for (Persons person : persons) {
            System.out.println(person); 
        }
         
        Persons person = new Persons(4,"shellway",25);
        persons.add(person);
        personService.savePerson(persons,new FileOutputStream("/mnt/sdcard/person.xml") );
        
     }
}
TestPerson.java
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.shellway.xml"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
    
        <instrumentation
        android:targetPackage="com.shellway.xml"
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner" />
        <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
     <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>
AndroidManifest.xml


六.SQLite数据库
    1.SQLite数据库的特点
        手机自带的数据库, 不区分数据类型(除了主键), 语法和MySQL相同, 每个库是一个文件
    2.创建库
        定义类继承SQLiteOpenHelper, 定义构造函数, 显式调用父类构造函数, 传入4个参数
        重写onCreate()和onUpgrade()方法
        调用getWritableDatabase()或者getReadableDatabase()方法都可以创建数据库
        数据库文件不存在时, 会创建数据库文件, 并且执行onCreate()方法
        数据库文件存在, 并且版本没有改变时, 不执行任何方法
        数据库文件存在, 版本提升, 执行onUpgrade()方法
    3.增删改查
        增删改都可以使用SQLiteDatabase.execSQL()方法执行SQL语句完成
        查询方法需要使用SQLiteDatabase.rawQuery()方法进行查询, 得到一个Cursor, 再调用moveToNext()和getString()getInt()等方法获取数据

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第7张图片

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第8张图片

package com.shellway.sqlite;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

public class DBSQLiteHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    public DBSQLiteHelper(Context context){
        super(context,"data.db" , null, 4);
        /**
         * 由于弗雷没有无参的构造函数,必须显式调用有参的构造函数
         * 参数1:上下文环境,用来确定数据库文件存储的目录
         * 参数2:数据库文件的名字
         * 参数3:生成游标的工厂,填null就是使用默认的
         * 参数4:数据库的版本,从1开始
         */
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
      System.out.println("onCreate");
      db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE people(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,name VACHAR(20))");
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
     System.out.println("onUpgrade");
     db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE people ADD balance INTEGER");
    }
}
DBSQLiteHelper
package com.shellway.sqlite;

public class Person {
    
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer balance;
    public Person() {
        super();
    }
    public Person(String name, Integer balance) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    public Person(Integer id, String name, Integer balance) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Integer getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }
    public void setBalance(Integer balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", balance=" + balance
                + "]";
    }
}
Person
package com.shellway.sqlite;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

public class PersonDAO {
    private DBSQLiteHelper helper;
    
    public PersonDAO(Context context) {
        helper = new DBSQLiteHelper(context);
    }
    
    public void insert(Person p){
         SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();//获取数据库链接(可写的)
         db.execSQL("INSERT INTO people(name,balance) VALUES(?,?)", new Object[]{p.getName(),p.getBalance()} );
         db.close();
    }
    public void delete(Integer id){
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
        db.execSQL("DELETE FROM people WHERE id = ?", new Object[]{id});
        db.close();
    }
    public void update(Person p){
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
        db.execSQL("update people set name=?,balance=? where id=? ", new Object[]{p.getName(),p.getBalance(),p.getId()});
        db.close();
    }
    public Person query(Integer id){
        /**
         * 查询时候应该优先使用getReadableDatabase()而不是getWritableDatabase(),
         * 其实getReadableDatabase是先获取getWritableDatabase,若获取失败则采用getReadableDatabase
         */
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor c = db.rawQuery("select name,balance from people where id=?",new String[]{id+""});
        Person p = null ;
        if (c.moveToNext()) {
            String name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("name"));
            int balance = c.getInt(1);//若直接用下标方式,则注意该字段的索引,游标的索引是从0开始的
            p = new Person(id,name,balance);
        }
        c.close();
        db.close();
        return p;
    }
}
PersonDAO
package com.shellway.sqlite;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.provider.SyncStateContract.Helpers;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;

public class TestSQLite extends AndroidTestCase {
     public void test1(){
         DBSQLiteHelper helper = new DBSQLiteHelper(getContext());
         SQLiteDatabase sql = helper.getWritableDatabase();
         /**
          * 获取可写的数据库连接
          * 数据库文件不存在时,会创建数据库文件,并且执行onCreate()方法
          * 数据库文件存在,且版本没有改变时,不执行任何方法
          * 数据库文件存在,版本提升,执行onUpdate方法
          */
     }
     public void testInsert(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         personDAO.insert(new Person("Jerry",20000));
     }
     public void testDelete(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         personDAO.delete(2);
     }
     public void testUpdate(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         personDAO.update(new Person(1,"www",30000));
     }
     public void testQuery(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         System.out.println(personDAO.query(1));
     }
}
TestSQLite
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.shellway.sqlite"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
        <instrumentation
        android:targetPackage="com.shellway.sqlite"
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner" />
    
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
     <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>
AndroidManifest.xml

 

查询所有, 查询个数, 查询翻页:

package com.shellway.sqlite;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

public class DBSQLiteHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
    public DBSQLiteHelper(Context context){
        super(context,"data.db" , null, 4);
        /**
         * 由于弗雷没有无参的构造函数,必须显式调用有参的构造函数
         * 参数1:上下文环境,用来确定数据库文件存储的目录
         * 参数2:数据库文件的名字
         * 参数3:生成游标的工厂,填null就是使用默认的
         * 参数4:数据库的版本,从1开始
         */
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
      System.out.println("onCreate");
      db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE people(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,name VACHAR(20))");
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
     System.out.println("onUpgrade");
     db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE people ADD balance INTEGER");
    }
}
DBSQLiteHelper
package com.shellway.sqlite;

public class Person {
    
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer balance;
    public Person() {
        super();
    }
    public Person(String name, Integer balance) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    public Person(Integer id, String name, Integer balance) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Integer getBalance() {
        return balance;
    }
    public void setBalance(Integer balance) {
        this.balance = balance;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", balance=" + balance
                + "]";
    }
}
Person
package com.shellway.sqlite;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

public class PersonDAO {
    private DBSQLiteHelper helper;
    
    public PersonDAO(Context context) {
        helper = new DBSQLiteHelper(context);
    }
    
    public void insert(Person p){
         SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();//获取数据库链接(可写的)
         db.execSQL("INSERT INTO people(name,balance) VALUES(?,?)", new Object[]{p.getName(),p.getBalance()} );
         db.close();
    }
    public void delete(Integer id){
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
        db.execSQL("DELETE FROM people WHERE id = ?", new Object[]{id});
        db.close();
    }
    public void update(Person p){
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getWritableDatabase();
        db.execSQL("update people set name=?,balance=? where id=? ", new Object[]{p.getName(),p.getBalance(),p.getId()});
        db.close();
    }
    //根据id查询某条记录
    public Person query(Integer id){
        /**
         * 查询时候应该优先使用getReadableDatabase()而不是getWritableDatabase(),
         * 其实getReadableDatabase是先获取getWritableDatabase,若获取失败则采用getReadableDatabase
         */
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor c = db.rawQuery("select name,balance from people where id=?",new String[]{id+""});
        Person p = null ;
        if (c.moveToNext()) {
            String name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex("name"));
            int balance = c.getInt(1);//若直接用下标方式,则注意该字段的索引,游标的索引是从0开始的
            p = new Person(id,name,balance);
        }
        c.close();
        db.close();
        return p;
    }
    //查询全部记录
    public List<Person> findAll(){
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor c = db.rawQuery("select id,name,balance from people", null);
        List<Person>  persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
        while (c.moveToNext()) {
            Person p = new Person(c.getInt(0),c.getString(1),c.getInt(2));
            persons.add(p);
        }
        c.close();
        db.close();
        return persons;
    }
    //查询记录总条数
    public int queryCount(){
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor c = db.rawQuery("select count(*) from people", null);
        c.moveToNext();
        int i = c.getInt(0);
        c.close();
        db.close();
        return i;
    }
    //分页查询
    public List<Person> queryPage(int pageNum,int capacity){
        String offset = (pageNum-1) * capacity +"";  //偏移量,即是第几页的页数
        String len = capacity + "";                  //一页中显示的个数
        SQLiteDatabase db = helper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor c = db.rawQuery("select id,name,balance from people limit ?,?", new String[]{offset,len});
        List<Person>  persons = new ArrayList<Person>();
        while (c.moveToNext()) {
            Person p = new Person(c.getInt(0),c.getString(1),c.getInt(2));
            persons.add(p);
        }
        c.close();
        db.close();
        return persons;
    }
}
PersonDAO
package com.shellway.sqlite;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.provider.SyncStateContract.Helpers;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;

public class TestSQLite extends AndroidTestCase {
     public void test1(){
         DBSQLiteHelper helper = new DBSQLiteHelper(getContext());
         SQLiteDatabase sql = helper.getWritableDatabase();
         /**
          * 获取可写的数据库连接
          * 数据库文件不存在时,会创建数据库文件,并且执行onCreate()方法
          * 数据库文件存在,且版本没有改变时,不执行任何方法
          * 数据库文件存在,版本提升,执行onUpdate方法
          */
     }
     public void testInsert(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
        // personDAO.insert(new Person("Jerry",20000));
         for (int i = 1; i <=100; i++) {
            personDAO.insert(new Person("Test"+i,new Random().nextInt(10000)));
        }
     }
     public void testDelete(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         personDAO.delete(2);
     }
     public void testUpdate(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         personDAO.update(new Person(1,"www",30000));
     }
     public void testQuery(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         System.out.println(personDAO.query(1));
     }
     public void testFindAll(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         List<Person> persons = personDAO.findAll();
         for (Person p : persons) {
            System.out.println(p);
        }
     }
     public void testQueryCount(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         int count = personDAO.queryCount();
         System.out.println(count);
     }
     public void testQueryPage(){
         PersonDAO personDAO = new PersonDAO(getContext());
         List<Person> persons = personDAO.queryPage(3, 20);
         for (Person p : persons) {
            System.out.println(p);
        }
     }
     
}
TestSQLite
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.shellway.sqlite"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />
        <instrumentation
        android:targetPackage="com.shellway.sqlite"
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner" />
    
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
     <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>
AndroidManifest.xml

查询分页结果:

java攻城狮之路(Android篇)--SQLite_第9张图片

 

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