基于Python的一个串口程序 上位机 DEMO

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前言

`
一个简单的串口程序-上位机, 基于Python, pyqt5 代码实现.
需要安装sys, pyqt5.

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一、程序基本功能

这个程序可以自动搜索电脑上已经连接的端口, 自由设置端口, 码率, 开关串口.
接收数据, 发送数据.

二、全部代码, 代码直接复制可用

1.全部代码

代码如下（示例）：

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QLabel, QLineEdit, QPushButton, QTextEdit, QComboBox
from PyQt5.QtSerialPort import QSerialPort, QSerialPortInfo

class SerialTerminal(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.serial_port = QSerialPort()
        self.init_ui()

    def init_ui(self):
        self.setWindowTitle("Serial TerminalXXX")
        self.setGeometry(100, 100, 800, 600)

        central_widget = QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)

        # Layout
        main_layout = QVBoxLayout()
        central_widget.setLayout(main_layout)

        # Serial Port Settings
        serial_settings_layout = QHBoxLayout()
        main_layout.addLayout(serial_settings_layout)

        port_label = QLabel("Port:")
        self.port_combobox = QComboBox()
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(port_label)
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(self.port_combobox)

        baudrate_label = QLabel("Baudrate:")
        self.baudrate_combobox = QComboBox()
        self.baudrate_combobox.addItems(["9600", "19200", "38400", "115200"])
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(baudrate_label)
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(self.baudrate_combobox)

        stopbits_label = QLabel("Stop Bits:")
        self.stopbits_combobox = QComboBox()
        self.stopbits_combobox.addItems(["1", "1.5", "2"])
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(stopbits_label)
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(self.stopbits_combobox)

        parity_label = QLabel("Parity:")
        self.parity_combobox = QComboBox()
        self.parity_combobox.addItems(["None", "Even", "Odd"])
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(parity_label)
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(self.parity_combobox)

        flowcontrol_label = QLabel("Flow Control:")
        self.flowcontrol_combobox = QComboBox()
        self.flowcontrol_combobox.addItems(["None", "RTS/CTS", "XON/XOFF"])
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(flowcontrol_label)
        serial_settings_layout.addWidget(self.flowcontrol_combobox)

        # Open/Close Port Button
        self.open_close_button = QPushButton("Open Port")
        self.open_close_button.clicked.connect(self.toggle_serial_port)
        main_layout.addWidget(self.open_close_button)

        # Received Data Display
        self.received_data_label = QLabel("Received Data:")
        main_layout.addWidget(self.received_data_label)

        self.received_data_textedit = QTextEdit()
        self.received_data_textedit.setReadOnly(True)
        main_layout.addWidget(self.received_data_textedit)

        # Send Data
        self.send_data_label = QLabel("Send Data:")
        main_layout.addWidget(self.send_data_label)

        self.send_data_textedit = QTextEdit()
        main_layout.addWidget(self.send_data_textedit)

        send_data_button = QPushButton("Send")
        send_data_button.clicked.connect(self.send_data)
        main_layout.addWidget(send_data_button)

        # Populate Serial Ports
        self.populate_serial_ports()

    def populate_serial_ports(self):
        serial_ports = QSerialPortInfo.availablePorts()
        for port in serial_ports:
            self.port_combobox.addItem(port.portName())

    def toggle_serial_port(self):
        if self.serial_port.isOpen():
            self.serial_port.close()
            self.open_close_button.setText("Open Port")
        else:
            port_name = self.port_combobox.currentText()
            self.serial_port.setPortName(port_name)

            baudrate = int(self.baudrate_combobox.currentText())
            self.serial_port.setBaudRate(baudrate)

            stopbits = float(self.stopbits_combobox.currentText())
            if stopbits == 1:
                self.serial_port.setStopBits(QSerialPort.OneStop)
            elif stopbits == 1.5:
                self.serial_port.setStopBits(QSerialPort.OneAndHalfStop)
            elif stopbits == 2:
                self.serial_port.setStopBits(QSerialPort.TwoStop)

            parity = self.parity_combobox.currentText()
            if parity == "None":
                self.serial_port.setParity(QSerialPort.NoParity)
            elif parity == "Even":
                self.serial_port.setParity(QSerialPort.EvenParity)
            elif parity == "Odd":
                self.serial_port.setParity(QSerialPort.OddParity)

            flowcontrol = self.flowcontrol_combobox.currentText()
            if flowcontrol == "None":
                self.serial_port.setFlowControl(QSerialPort.NoFlowControl)
            elif flowcontrol == "RTS/CTS":
                self.serial_port.setFlowControl(QSerialPort.RtsCtsFlowControl)
            elif flowcontrol == "XON/XOFF":
                self.serial_port.setFlowControl(QSerialPort.SoftwareControl)

            if self.serial_port.open(QSerialPort.ReadWrite):
                self.serial_port.readyRead.connect(self.receive_data)
                self.open_close_button.setText("Close Port")
            else:
                print("Failed to open port")

    def receive_data(self):
        while self.serial_port.canReadLine():
            data = self.serial_port.readLine().data().decode()
            self.received_data_textedit.append(data)

    def send_data(self):
        data = self.send_data_textedit.toPlainText()
        self.serial_port.write(data.encode())

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    window = SerialTerminal()
    window.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

该处使用的url网络请求的数据。

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总结

代码简单,适合初学者参考学习