Android自定义组合控件：UIScrollLayout（支持界面滑动及左右菜单滑动）
一、前言：
我之前很早的时候，写过一篇《左右滑出菜单》的文章：
http://blog.csdn.net/qingye_love/article/details/8776650
用的是对View的LeftMargin / RightMargin进行不断的计算，并且用AsynTask来完成动画，性能不是很好，大家也在资源下载中有评论，因此，本篇文件，将会采用ViewGroup的方式来自定义控件，且支持文章标题中的两种滑动方式的展现，也希望大家多多评论。（可惜，大家都去下载资源，在资源中评论了！呜呜~~）。
二、实现：
2.1 核心程序及知识点：
本次，采用ViewGroup来管理整个的Child，并且采用scrollTo / scrollBy，以及 Scroller 这么个系统方法来完成这些事。先来上主要代码：
package com.chris.apps.uiscroll;
import com.chris.apps.uiscroll.R;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.VelocityTracker;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewConfiguration;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Scroller;
public class UIScrollLayout extends ViewGroup {
private final static String TAG = "UIScrollLayout";
private int mCurScreen = 0;
private final static String ATTR_NAVIGATOR = "navigator";
private final static String ATTR_SLIDEMENU = "slidemenu";
public final static int VIEW_NAVIGATOR = 0;
public final static int VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU = 1;
private int mViewType = VIEW_NAVIGATOR;
private int mTouchSlop = 0;
private int mLastX = 0;
private VelocityTracker mVelocityTracker = null;
private final static int VELOCITY_X_DISTANCE = 1000;
private Scroller mScroller = null;
public UIScrollLayout(Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public UIScrollLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
public UIScrollLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.UIScroll);
String type = a.getString(R.styleable.UIScroll_view_type);
a.recycle();
Log.d(TAG, "type = " + type);
if(type.equals(ATTR_NAVIGATOR)){
mViewType = VIEW_NAVIGATOR;
}else if(type.equals(ATTR_SLIDEMENU)){
mViewType = VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU;
}
mScroller = new Scroller(context);
mTouchSlop = ViewConfiguration.get(getContext()).getScaledTouchSlop();
Log.d(TAG, "mTouchSlop = " + mTouchSlop);
}
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if(mViewType == VIEW_NAVIGATOR){
for(int i = 0; i < getChildCount(); i ++){
getChildAt(i).measure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
}else if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
for(int i = 0; i < getChildCount(); i ++){
View child = getChildAt(i);
LayoutParams lp = child.getLayoutParams();
int widthSpec = 0;
if(lp.width > 0){
widthSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(lp.width, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
}else{
widthSpec = widthMeasureSpec;
}
child.measure(widthSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
}
}
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
if(changed){
int n = getChildCount();
View child = null;
int childLeft = 0;
mCurScreen = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++){
child = getChildAt(i);
child.layout(childLeft, 0,
childLeft + child.getMeasuredWidth(),
child.getMeasuredHeight());
childLeft += child.getMeasuredWidth();
}
if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
if(n > 3){
Log.d(TAG, "error: Main SlideMenu num must <= 3");
return;
}
if(getChildAt(0).getMeasuredWidth() < getMeasuredWidth()){
mCurScreen = 1;
scrollTo(getChildAt(0).getMeasuredWidth(), 0);
}else{
mCurScreen = 0;
}
}
Log.d(TAG, "mCurScreen = " + mCurScreen);
}
}
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
switch(ev.getAction()){
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mLastX = (int) ev.getX();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
int x = (int) ev.getX();
if(Math.abs(x - mLastX) > mTouchSlop){
return true;
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
// TODO: clean or reset
break;
}
return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}
/**
* 使用VelocityTracker来记录每次的event，
* 并在ACTION_UP时computeCurrentVelocity，
* 得出X,Y轴方向上的移动速率
* velocityX > 0 向右移动, velocityX < 0 向左移动
*/
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
if(mVelocityTracker == null){
mVelocityTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain();
}
mVelocityTracker.addMovement(event);
switch(event.getAction()){
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mLastX = (int) event.getX();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
int deltaX = mLastX - (int)event.getX(); // delta > 0向右滚动
mLastX = (int) event.getX();
scrollChild(deltaX, 0);
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mVelocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(VELOCITY_X_DISTANCE);
int velocityX = (int) mVelocityTracker.getXVelocity();
animateChild(velocityX);
if(mVelocityTracker != null){
mVelocityTracker.recycle();
mVelocityTracker = null;
}
break;
}
return true;
}
private void scrollChild(int distanceX, int distanceY){
int firstChildPosX = getChildAt(0).getLeft() - getScrollX();
int lastChildPosX = getChildAt(getChildCount()-1).getLeft() - getScrollX();
if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
lastChildPosX -= (getWidth() - getChildAt(getChildCount()-1).getWidth());
}
if(firstChildPosX != 0 && Math.abs(firstChildPosX) < Math.abs(distanceX)){
distanceX = firstChildPosX;
}else if(lastChildPosX != 0 && Math.abs(lastChildPosX) < Math.abs(distanceX)){
distanceX = lastChildPosX;
}
if(firstChildPosX == 0 && distanceX < 0){
return;
}else if(lastChildPosX == 0 && distanceX > 0){
return;
}
scrollBy(distanceX, 0);
}
private void animateChild(int velocityX){
int width = 0;
int offset = 0;
if(mViewType == VIEW_NAVIGATOR){
width = getWidth();
}else if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
// 默认左右两页菜单宽度一致
width = getChildAt(0).getWidth();
}
/*
* velocityX > 0, 向右滚动; velocityX < 0, 向左滚动
*/
if(velocityX > VELOCITY_X_DISTANCE && mCurScreen > 0){
offset = (--mCurScreen) * width - getScrollX();
}else if(velocityX < -VELOCITY_X_DISTANCE && mCurScreen < getChildCount()-1){
offset = (++mCurScreen) * width - getScrollX();
}else{
mCurScreen = (getScrollX() + width/2) / width;
offset = mCurScreen * width - getScrollX();
}
//Log.d(TAG, "offset = " + offset);
mScroller.startScroll(getScrollX(), 0, offset, 0, Math.abs(offset));
invalidate();
}
@Override
public void computeScroll() {
if(mScroller.computeScrollOffset()){
scrollTo(mScroller.getCurrX(), mScroller.getCurrY());
postInvalidate();
}
super.computeScroll();
}
}
这篇文章除了以上介绍，还用到了以下知识点：
1. VelocityTracker类来跟踪手指滑动速率；（网上有很多，使用也很简单）
2. 自定义XML属性；（可以看看这篇讲解：http://blog.csdn.net/qingye_love/article/details/10904691）
3. onIntercepterTouchEvent，事件拦截（可以参考这篇：http://blog.csdn.net/qingye_love/article/details/10382171）
2.2 代码解读：
2.2.1 初始化
public UIScrollLayout(Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public UIScrollLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, 0);
}
public UIScrollLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.UIScroll);
String type = a.getString(R.styleable.UIScroll_view_type);
a.recycle();
Log.d(TAG, "type = " + type);
if(type.equals(ATTR_NAVIGATOR)){
mViewType = VIEW_NAVIGATOR;
}else if(type.equals(ATTR_SLIDEMENU)){
mViewType = VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU;
}
mScroller = new Scroller(context);
mTouchSlop = ViewConfiguration.get(getContext()).getScaledTouchSlop();
Log.d(TAG, "mTouchSlop = " + mTouchSlop);
}
查找自定义属性有没有，然后设置当前使用的类型，初始化Scroller，并使用ViewConfiguration来获取系统设置（这里用来判断当Touch时，是水平滚动，还是上下滚动，若含有ListView时，需要通过onInterceptTouchEvent来判断）。
2.2.2 测量child
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
if(mViewType == VIEW_NAVIGATOR){
for(int i = 0; i < getChildCount(); i ++){
getChildAt(i).measure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
}else if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
for(int i = 0; i < getChildCount(); i ++){
View child = getChildAt(i);
LayoutParams lp = child.getLayoutParams();
int widthSpec = 0;
if(lp.width > 0){
widthSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(lp.width, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
}else{
widthSpec = widthMeasureSpec;
}
child.measure(widthSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
}
}
}
根据VIEW类型，来逐个测量child大小。
2.2.3 调整child位置：
@Override
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
if(changed){
int n = getChildCount();
View child = null;
int childLeft = 0;
mCurScreen = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i ++){
child = getChildAt(i);
child.layout(childLeft, 0,
childLeft + child.getMeasuredWidth(),
child.getMeasuredHeight());
childLeft += child.getMeasuredWidth();
}
if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
if(n > 3){
Log.d(TAG, "error: Main SlideMenu num must <= 3");
return;
}
if(getChildAt(0).getMeasuredWidth() < getMeasuredWidth()){
mCurScreen = 1;
scrollTo(getChildAt(0).getMeasuredWidth(), 0);
}else{
mCurScreen = 0;
}
}
Log.d(TAG, "mCurScreen = " + mCurScreen);
}
}
onMeasure和onLayout都是有ViewRoot来调用，并且是在draw之前，然后，开始显示各个child。
2.2.4 消息拦截处理：
@Override
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
switch(ev.getAction()){
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mLastX = (int) ev.getX();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
int x = (int) ev.getX();
if(Math.abs(x - mLastX) > mTouchSlop){
return true;
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
// TODO: clean or reset
break;
}
return super.onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
}
当child中，有ListView, GridView或ScrollView时，DOWN/MOVE/UP等消息是不会跑到当前ViewGroup的onTouchEvent中的，只有当在onInterceptTouchEvent中返回true之后，才会收到消息，因为，需要在ACTION_DOWN时，记住X点坐标，并在ACTION_MOVE中判断是否需要拦截。
2.2.5 滚动消息处理：
/**
* 使用VelocityTracker来记录每次的event，
* 并在ACTION_UP时computeCurrentVelocity，
* 得出X,Y轴方向上的移动速率
* velocityX > 0 向右移动, velocityX < 0 向左移动
*/
@Override
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
if(mVelocityTracker == null){
mVelocityTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain();
}
mVelocityTracker.addMovement(event);
switch(event.getAction()){
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mLastX = (int) event.getX();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
int deltaX = mLastX - (int)event.getX(); // delta > 0向右滚动
mLastX = (int) event.getX();
scrollChild(deltaX, 0);
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
mVelocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(VELOCITY_X_DISTANCE);
int velocityX = (int) mVelocityTracker.getXVelocity();
animateChild(velocityX);
if(mVelocityTracker != null){
mVelocityTracker.recycle();
mVelocityTracker = null;
}
break;
}
return true;
}
在ACTION_MOVE中，计算每次移动的距离，调用scrollChild来随手滚动：
private void scrollChild(int distanceX, int distanceY){
int firstChildPosX = getChildAt(0).getLeft() - getScrollX();
int lastChildPosX = getChildAt(getChildCount()-1).getLeft() - getScrollX();
if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
lastChildPosX -= (getWidth() - getChildAt(getChildCount()-1).getWidth());
}
if(firstChildPosX != 0 && Math.abs(firstChildPosX) < Math.abs(distanceX)){
distanceX = firstChildPosX;
}else if(lastChildPosX != 0 && Math.abs(lastChildPosX) < Math.abs(distanceX)){
distanceX = lastChildPosX;
}
if(firstChildPosX == 0 && distanceX < 0){
return;
}else if(lastChildPosX == 0 && distanceX > 0){
return;
}
scrollBy(distanceX, 0);
}
这个方法，主要是判断当然是否超过边界，若本次移动的距离超过边界，则计算滚动的距离最大不超过边界，并调用系统scrollBy方法，这个方法最终会调用scrollTo方法。
2.2.6 完成自动滚动：
private void animateChild(int velocityX){
int width = 0;
int offset = 0;
if(mViewType == VIEW_NAVIGATOR){
width = getWidth();
}else if(mViewType == VIEW_MAIN_SLIDEMENU){
// 默认左右两页菜单宽度一致
width = getChildAt(0).getWidth();
}
/*
* velocityX > 0, 向右滚动; velocityX < 0, 向左滚动
*/
if(velocityX > VELOCITY_X_DISTANCE && mCurScreen > 0){
offset = (--mCurScreen) * width - getScrollX();
}else if(velocityX < -VELOCITY_X_DISTANCE && mCurScreen < getChildCount()-1){
offset = (++mCurScreen) * width - getScrollX();
}else{
mCurScreen = (getScrollX() + width/2) / width;
offset = mCurScreen * width - getScrollX();
}
//Log.d(TAG, "offset = " + offset);
mScroller.startScroll(getScrollX(), 0, offset, 0, Math.abs(offset));
invalidate();
}
在收到ACTION_UP/ACTION_CANCEL消息后，就表明本次交互完成，判断当前界面滚动的距离，以及手势速度，然后调用Scroller.startScroll方法并最终通过invalidate来完成滚动。
光有startScroll是无法完成，还必需继承computeScroll，并不断的invalidate，直到Scroller移动到终点。
@Override
public void computeScroll() {
if(mScroller.computeScrollOffset()){
scrollTo(mScroller.getCurrX(), mScroller.getCurrY());
postInvalidate();
}
super.computeScroll();
}
三、Demo：
例子下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qingye_love/6197657
通过设置view_type属性来显示不同UI。 （"navigator" 或 "slidemenu"）