用D3DXFont打印文本

我们通过ID3DXFont接口使用任何想用的、安装在系统中的TrueType字体将文本打印到屏幕上。也可以使用基于位图的字体，其字体集以ASCII顺序存储在一个位图文件中，装载了这个位图后，可以借用精灵的特性将字符串中的每个字符渲染出来。DirectX提供了一个字体类，它抽象了整个过程，ID3DXFont接口用于创建字体，我们使用一个名为D3DXCreateFontIndirect的函数来创建字体，最后使用字体对象font的DrawText函数来绘制文字。

还是以前面的例子为基础，首先是DirectX.h文件，添加了新的函数MakeFont来创建并返回一个字体对象，函数FontPrint用于打印文本

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 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 #define WIN32_EXTRA_LEAN
 4 #define DIRECTINPUT_VERSION 0x0800
 5 #include <Windows.h>
 6 #include <d3d9.h>
 7 #include <d3dx9.h>
 8 #include <dinput.h>
 9 #include <XInput.h>
 10 #include <ctime>
 11 #include <iostream>
 12 #include <iomanip>
 13 using namespace std;  14 
 15 #pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib")
 16 #pragma comment(lib, "user32.lib")
 17 #pragma comment(lib, "gdi32.lib")
 18 #pragma comment(lib, "dxguid.lib")
 19 #pragma comment(lib, "d3d9.lib")
 20 #pragma comment(lib, "d3dx9.lib")
 21 #pragma comment(lib, "dinput8.lib")
 22 #pragma comment(lib, "xinput.lib")
 23 
 24 extern const string APPTITLE;  25 extern const int SCREENW;  26 extern const int SCREENH;  27 extern bool gameover;  28 
 29 extern LPDIRECT3D9 d3d;  30 extern LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev;  31 extern LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 backbuffer;  32 
 33 //sprite structure
 34 struct SPRITE  35 {  36     float x, y;  37     int frame, columns;  38     int width, height;  39     float scaling, rotation;  40     int startframe, endframe;  41     int starttime, delay;  42     int direction;  43     float velx, vely;  44  D3DCOLOR color;  45 
 46  SPRITE()  47  {  48         frame = 0;  49         columns = 1;  50         width = height = 0;  51         scaling = 1.0f;  52         startframe = endframe = 0;  53         direction = 1;  54         starttime = delay = 0;  55         velx = vely = 0.0f;  56         color = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255);  57  }  58 };  59 
 60 //Direct3D functions
 61 bool Direct3D_Init(HWND hwnd, int width, int height, bool fullscreen);  62 void Direct3D_Shutdown();  63 bool LoadSurface(string filename, D3DXIMAGE_INFO &info, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 &image);  64 void DrawSurface(LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 dest, float x, float y, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 source);  65 D3DXVECTOR2 GetBitmapSize(string filename);  66 LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 LoadTexture(string filename, D3DCOLOR transcolor = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0));  67 
 68 //DirectInput objects, devices, and states
 69 extern LPDIRECTINPUT8 dinput;  70 extern LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dimouse;  71 extern LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dikeyboard;  72 extern DIMOUSESTATE mouse_state;  73 extern LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj;  74 
 75 //DirectInput functions
 76 bool DirectInput_Init(HWND);  77 void DirectInput_Update();  78 void DirectInput_Shutdown();  79 int Key_Down(int);  80 int Mouse_Button(int);  81 int Mouse_X();  82 int Mouse_Y();  83 
 84 //game functions
 85 bool Game_Init(HWND window);  86 void Game_Run(HWND window);  87 void Game_End();  88 
 89 //sprite functions
 90 void Sprite_Draw_Frame(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture, int destx, int desty,  91     int framenum, int framew, int frameh, int columns);  92 void Sprite_Animate(int &frame, int startframe, int endframe,  93     int direction, int &starttime, int delay);  94 void Sprite_Transform_Draw(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 image, int x, int y, int width, int height,  95     int frame, int columns, float rotation, float scaling, D3DCOLOR color);  96 
 97 //physics functions
 98 int Collision(SPRITE sprite1, SPRITE sprite2);  99 bool CollisionD(SPRITE sprite1, SPRITE sprite2); 100 
101 //font functions
102 LPD3DXFONT MakeFont(string name, int size); 103 void FontPrint(LPD3DXFONT font, int x, int y, string text, D3DCOLOR color = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,255));

下面是DirectX.cpp文件

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 1 #include "DirectX.h"
 2 #include <iostream>
 3 using namespace std;  4 
 5 //Direct3D variables
 6 LPDIRECT3D9 d3d = NULL;  7 LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 d3ddev = NULL;  8 LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 backbuffer = NULL;  9 LPD3DXSPRITE spriteobj;  10 
 11 //DirectInput variables
 12 LPDIRECTINPUT8 dinput = NULL;  13 LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dimouse = NULL;  14 LPDIRECTINPUTDEVICE8 dikeyboard = NULL;  15 DIMOUSESTATE mouse_state;  16 char keys[256];  17 
 18 bool Direct3D_Init(HWND window, int width, int height, bool fullscreen)  19 {  20     //Initialize Direct3D
 21     d3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);  22     if (!d3d)  23         return false;  24 
 25     //set Direct3D presentation parameters
 26  D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;  27     ZeroMemory(&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));  28     d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = window;  29     d3dpp.Windowed = (!fullscreen);  30     d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY;  31     d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = 1;  32     d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8;  33     d3dpp.Flags = D3DPRESENTFLAG_DISCARD_DEPTHSTENCIL;  34     d3dpp.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;  35     d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8;  36     d3dpp.BackBufferCount = 1;  37     d3dpp.BackBufferWidth = width;  38     d3dpp.BackBufferHeight = height;  39 
 40     //create Direct3D device
 41     d3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, window,  42         D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &d3ddev);  43     if (!d3ddev)  44         return false;  45 
 46     //get a pointer to the back buffer surface
 47     d3ddev->GetBackBuffer(0, 0, D3DBACKBUFFER_TYPE_MONO, &backbuffer);  48 
 49     //create sprite object
 50     D3DXCreateSprite(d3ddev, &spriteobj);  51 
 52     return true;  53 }  54 
 55 void Direct3D_Shutdown()  56 {  57     if (spriteobj)  58         spriteobj->Release();  59     if (d3ddev)  60         d3ddev->Release();  61     if (d3d)  62         d3d->Release();  63 }  64 
 65 void DrawSurface(LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 dest, float x, float y, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 source)  66 {  67     //get width height from source surface
 68  D3DSURFACE_DESC desc;  69     source->GetDesc(&desc);  70 
 71     //create rects for drawing
 72     RECT source_rect = {0, 0, (long)desc.Width, (long)desc.Height };  73     RECT dest_rect = { (long)x, (long)y, (long)x + desc.Width, (long)y + desc.Height};  74 
 75     //draw the source surface onto the dest
 76     d3ddev->StretchRect(source, &source_rect, dest, &dest_rect, D3DTEXF_NONE);  77 }  78 
 79 bool LoadSurface(string filename, D3DXIMAGE_INFO &info, LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 &image)  80 {  81     //get width and height from bitmap file
 82     HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info);  83     if (result != D3D_OK)  84         return false;  85 
 86     //create surface
 87     result = d3ddev->CreateOffscreenPlainSurface(  88  info.Width, info.Height,  89  D3DFMT_X8R8G8B8,  90  D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,  91         &image,  92  NULL);  93     if (result != D3D_OK)  94         return false;  95 
 96     //load surface from file into newly created surface
 97     result = D3DXLoadSurfaceFromFile(  98         image,    //destination surface
 99         NULL,    //destination palette
100         NULL,    //destination rectangle
101  filename.c_str(), 102         NULL,    //source rectangle
103         D3DX_DEFAULT, //controls how image is filtered
104         D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,0), 105         NULL);    //source image info
106     if (result != D3D_OK) 107         return false; 108 
109     return true; 110 } 111 
112 bool DirectInput_Init(HWND hwnd) 113 { 114     //initialize DirectInput object
115     HRESULT result = DirectInput8Create( 116  GetModuleHandle(NULL), 117  DIRECTINPUT_VERSION, 118  IID_IDirectInput8, 119         (void**)&dinput, 120  NULL); 121 
122     //initialize the keyboard
123     dinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysKeyboard, &dikeyboard, NULL); 124     dikeyboard->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIKeyboard); 125     dikeyboard->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_EXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND); 126     dikeyboard->Acquire(); 127 
128     //initialize the mouse
129     dinput->CreateDevice(GUID_SysMouse, &dimouse, NULL); 130     dimouse->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIMouse); 131     dimouse->SetCooperativeLevel(hwnd, DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE | DISCL_FOREGROUND); 132     dimouse->Acquire(); 133     
134     ShowCursor(true); 135 
136     return true; 137 } 138 
139 void DirectInput_Update() 140 { 141     //update mouse
142     dimouse->GetDeviceState(sizeof(mouse_state), (LPVOID)&mouse_state); 143 
144     //update keyboard
145     dikeyboard->GetDeviceState(sizeof(keys), (LPVOID)&keys); 146 } 147 
148 int Mouse_X() 149 { 150     return mouse_state.lX; 151 } 152 
153 int Mouse_Y() 154 { 155     return mouse_state.lY; 156 } 157 
158 //return mouse button state
159 int Mouse_Button(int button) 160 { 161     return mouse_state.rgbButtons[button] & 0x80; 162 } 163 
164 //return key press state
165 int Key_Down(int key) 166 { 167     return (keys[key] & 0x80); 168 } 169 
170 void DirectInput_Shutdown() 171 { 172     if (dikeyboard) 173  { 174         dikeyboard->Unacquire(); 175         dikeyboard->Release(); 176         dikeyboard = NULL; 177  } 178 
179     if (dimouse) 180  { 181         dimouse->Unacquire(); 182         dimouse->Release(); 183         dimouse = NULL; 184  } 185 } 186 
187 //load texture
188 LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 LoadTexture(string filename, D3DCOLOR transcolor) 189 { 190     LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture = NULL; 191     
192     //get width and height from bitmap file
193  D3DXIMAGE_INFO info; 194     HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info); 195     if (result != D3D_OK) 196         return NULL; 197 
198     //create the new texture by loading a bitmap image file
199     result = D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx( 200         d3ddev, //Direct3D device object
201         filename.c_str(), //filename
202         info.Width, //image width
203         info.Height, //image height
204         1, //mip-map levels (1 for no chain)
205         D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, //the type of surface
206         D3DFMT_UNKNOWN, //surface format
207         D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, //memory class for the texture
208         D3DX_DEFAULT, //image filter
209         D3DX_DEFAULT, //mip filter
210         transcolor, //color key for transparency
211         &info, //bitmap file info
212         NULL, //color palette
213         &texture); //destination texture
214     if (result != D3D_OK) 215         return NULL; 216 
217     return texture; 218 } 219 
220 D3DXVECTOR2 GetBitmapSize(string filename) 221 { 222  D3DXIMAGE_INFO info; 223     D3DXVECTOR2 size = D3DXVECTOR2(0.0f, 0.0f); 224     HRESULT result = D3DXGetImageInfoFromFile(filename.c_str(), &info); 225     if (result == D3D_OK) 226         size = D3DXVECTOR2((float)info.Width, (float)info.Height); 227 
228     return size; 229 } 230 
231 //draw sprite frame
232 void Sprite_Draw_Frame(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 texture, int destx, int desty, 233     int framenum, int framew, int frameh, int columns) 234 { 235     D3DXVECTOR3 position((float)destx, (float)desty, 0); 236     D3DCOLOR white = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255); 237 
238  RECT rect; 239     rect.left = (framenum % columns) * framew; 240     rect.top = (framenum / columns) * frameh; 241     rect.right = rect.left + framew; 242     rect.bottom = rect.top + frameh; 243 
244     spriteobj->Draw(texture, &rect, NULL, &position, white); 245 } 246 
247 void Sprite_Animate(int &frame, int startframe, int endframe, 248     int direction, int &starttime, int delay) 249 { 250     if ((int)GetTickCount() > starttime + delay) 251  { 252         starttime = GetTickCount(); 253 
254         frame += direction; 255         if (frame > endframe) 256             frame = startframe; 257         if (frame < startframe) 258             frame = endframe; 259  } 260 } 261 
262 void Sprite_Transform_Draw(LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 image, int x, int y, int width, int height, 263     int frame, int columns, float rotation, float scaling, D3DCOLOR color) 264 { 265     //create a scale vector
266  D3DXVECTOR2 scale(scaling, scaling); 267 
268     //create a translate vector, for moving
269  D3DXVECTOR2 trans(x, y); 270 
271     //set rotation center
272     D3DXVECTOR2 center((float)(width*scaling)/2, (float)(height*scaling)/2); 273 
274     //create 2D transformation matrix
275  D3DXMATRIX mat; 276     D3DXMatrixTransformation2D(&mat, NULL, 0, &scale, &center, rotation, &trans); 277 
278     //tell sprite object to use the transform
279     spriteobj->SetTransform(&mat); 280 
281     //calculate frame location in source image
282     int fx = (frame % columns) * width; 283     int fy = (frame / columns) * height; 284     RECT srcRect = {fx, fy, fx + width, fy + height}; 285 
286     //draw the sprite frame
287     spriteobj->Draw(image, &srcRect, NULL, NULL, color); 288 } 289 
290 //bounding box collision detection
291 int Collision(SPRITE sprite1, SPRITE sprite2) 292 { 293  RECT rect1; 294     rect1.left = (long)sprite1.x; 295     rect1.top = (long)sprite1.y; 296     rect1.right = (long)sprite1.x + sprite1.width * sprite1.scaling; 297     rect1.bottom = (long)sprite1.y + sprite1.height * sprite1.scaling; 298 
299  RECT rect2; 300     rect2.left = (long)sprite2.x; 301     rect2.top = (long)sprite2.y; 302     rect2.right = (long)sprite2.x + sprite2.width * sprite2.scaling; 303     rect2.bottom = (long)sprite2.y + sprite2.height * sprite2.scaling; 304 
305     RECT dest;//ignored, the intersected area between rectangles
306     return IntersectRect(&dest, &rect1, &rect2);//detect if there is collision
307 } 308 
309 bool CollisionD(SPRITE sprite1, SPRITE sprite2) 310 { 311     double radius1, radius2; 312 
313     //Calculate radius 1
314     if (sprite1.width > sprite1.height) 315         radius1 = (sprite1.width * sprite1.scaling) / 2.0; 316     else
317         radius1 = (sprite1.height * sprite1.scaling) / 2.0; 318 
319     //center point 1
320     double x1 = sprite1.x + radius1; 321     double y1 = sprite1.y + radius1; 322  D3DXVECTOR2 vector1(x1, y1); 323 
324     //calculate radius2
325     if (sprite2.width > sprite2.height) 326         radius2 = (sprite2.width * sprite2.scaling) / 2.0; 327     else
328         radius2 = (sprite2.height * sprite2.scaling) / 2.0; 329 
330     //center point 2
331     double x2 = sprite2.x + radius2; 332     double y2 = sprite2.y + radius2; 333  D3DXVECTOR2 vector2(x2, y2); 334 
335     //calculate distance
336     double deltax = vector1.x - vector2.x; 337     double deltay = vector1.y - vector2.y; 338     double dist = sqrt((deltax * deltax) + (deltay * deltay)); 339 
340     //return distance comparison
341     return (dist < radius1 + radius2); 342 }

接着是两个新增的函数，在MakeFont函数中，先定义字体描述符desc，然后使用D3DXCreateFontIndirect创建所需的字体对象font。在FontPrint函数中，先定义了一个矩形区域rect(left, top, right, bottom)，第一个DrawText函数用于计算正确的rect的right与bottom的值，使用了参数DT_CALCRECT；第二个DrawText函数才开始绘制文本。如果直接给定正确的rect的值，则可以去掉第一个DrawText函数。

 1 LPD3DXFONT MakeFont(string name, int size)  2 {  3     LPD3DXFONT font = NULL;  4     D3DXFONT_DESC desc = 
 5  {  6         size, //height
 7         0, //width
 8         0, //weight
 9         0, //miplevels
10         false, //italic
11         DEFAULT_CHARSET, //charset
12         OUT_TT_PRECIS, //output precision
13         CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS, //quality
14         DEFAULT_PITCH, //pitch and family
15         " " //font name
16  }; 17 
18  strcpy(desc.FaceName, name.c_str()); 19     D3DXCreateFontIndirect(d3ddev, &desc, &font); 20     return font; 21 } 22 
23 void FontPrint(LPD3DXFONT font, int x, int y, string text, D3DCOLOR color) 24 { 25     //figure out the text boundary
26     RECT rect = {x, y, 0, 0}; 27     font->DrawText(NULL, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_CALCRECT, color); 28 
29     //print the text
30     font->DrawText(spriteobj, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_LEFT, color); 31 }

 

接着是关于窗口创建及消息处理的文件main.cpp，在我前面的例子中讲到过。

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 1 #include "DirectX.h"
 2 using namespace std;  3 
 4 bool gameover = false;  5 
 6 //windows event handling function
 7 LRESULT CALLBACK WinProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)  8 {  9     switch (message) 10  { 11     case WM_DESTROY: 12         gameover = true; 13         PostQuitMessage(0); 14         return 0; 15  } 16 
17     return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam); 18 } 19 
20 
21 int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPreInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) 22 { 23     //set the windows properties
24  WNDCLASSEX wc; 25     wc.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); 26     wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; 27     wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WinProc; 28     wc.cbClsExtra = 0; 29     wc.cbWndExtra = 0; 30     wc.hInstance = hInstance; 31     wc.hIcon = NULL; 32     wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); 33     wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); 34     wc.lpszMenuName = NULL; 35     wc.lpszClassName = APPTITLE.c_str(); 36     wc.hIconSm = NULL; 37     RegisterClassEx(&wc); 38 
39     //determine the resolution of the clients desktop screen
40     int screenWidth = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN); 41     int screenHeight = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); 42 
43     //place the window in the middle of screen
44     int posX = (GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN) - SCREENW) / 2; 45     int posY = (GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN) - SCREENH) / 2; 46 
47     //Create a window
48  HWND window; 49     window = CreateWindow(APPTITLE.c_str(), APPTITLE.c_str(), 50         WS_CAPTION | WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_SYSMENU, posX, posY, SCREENW, SCREENH, 51  NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL); 52     if (window == 0) 53         return false; 54 
55     //display the window
56  ShowWindow(window, nCmdShow); 57  UpdateWindow(window); 58 
59     //initialize the game
60     if (!Game_Init(window)) 61         return 0; 62 
63     //main message loop
64  MSG msg; 65     while (!gameover) 66  { 67         //process windows events
68         if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE)) 69  { 70             //handle any event messages
71             TranslateMessage(&msg); 72             DispatchMessage(&msg); 73  } 74 
75         //process game loop
76  Game_Run(window); 77  } 78 
79     //free game resources
80  Game_End(); 81 
82     return msg.wParam; 83 }

 

最后出场的是游戏逻辑处理文件game.cpp，在开头定义了3个字体，然后在初始化函数Game_Init中调用MakeFont函数创建了这3个字体对象。在Game_Run函数中，直接使用了3个FontPrint函数来创建了文本，然后又在下面输出了一段可以自动换行的文本区域，注意参数 DT_WORDBREAK即可。

 1 #include "DirectX.h"
 2 using namespace std;  3 
 4 const string APPTITLE = "Font";  5 const int SCREENW = 1024;  6 const int SCREENH = 576;  7 
 8 //declare some font objects
 9 LPD3DXFONT fontArial = NULL; 10 LPD3DXFONT fontGaramond = NULL; 11 LPD3DXFONT fontTimesNewRoman = NULL; 12 
13 //game initialization
14 bool Game_Init(HWND window) 15 { 16     //initialize Direct3D
17     if (!Direct3D_Init(window, SCREENW, SCREENH, false)) 18  { 19         MessageBox(0, "Error initialization Direct3D", "Error", 0); 20         return false; 21  } 22 
23     //initialize DirectInput
24     if (!DirectInput_Init(window)) 25  { 26         MessageBox(0, "Error initialization DirectInput", "Error", 0); 27         return false; 28  } 29 
30     //create some fonts
31     fontArial = MakeFont("Arial", 24); 32     fontGaramond = MakeFont("Garamond", 36); 33     fontTimesNewRoman = MakeFont("Times New Roman", 40); 34 
35     return true; 36 } 37 
38 //game update
39 void Game_Run(HWND window) 40 { 41     //make sure the Direct3D device is valid
42     if (!d3ddev) 43         return; 44 
45     //update input devices
46  DirectInput_Update(); 47 
48     //clear the scene
49     d3ddev->Clear(0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0); 50 
51     //start rendering
52     if (d3ddev->BeginScene()) 53  { 54         //start drawing
55         spriteobj->Begin(D3DXSPRITE_ALPHABLEND); 56 
57         //demonstrate font output
58         FontPrint(fontArial, 60, 50, "This is the Arial 24 font printed with ID3DXFONT."); 59         FontPrint(fontGaramond, 60, 100, "The text can be printed in any color like this!", 60             D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 0, 255)); 61         FontPrint(fontTimesNewRoman, 60, 150, "Or how about bright green instead?", 62             D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 255, 0)); 63 
64         //demonstrate text wrapping inside a rectangular region
65         RECT rect = {60, 250, 350, 700}; 66         D3DCOLOR white = D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255, 255, 255); 67         string text = "This is a long string that will be "; 68         text += "wrapped inside a rectangle."; 69         fontTimesNewRoman->DrawText(spriteobj, text.c_str(), text.length(), &rect, DT_WORDBREAK, white); 70 
71         //stop drawing
72         spriteobj->End(); 73 
74         //stop rendering
75         d3ddev->EndScene(); 76         d3ddev->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); 77  } 78 
79     //escape key exits
80     if (Key_Down(DIK_ESCAPE)) 81         gameover = true; 82 } 83 
84 void Game_End() 85 { 86     //free memory
87     if (fontArial) 88         fontArial->Release(); 89     if (fontGaramond) 90         fontGaramond->Release(); 91     if (fontTimesNewRoman) 92         fontTimesNewRoman->Release(); 93  DirectInput_Shutdown(); 94  Direct3D_Shutdown(); 95 }

 

D3DXFont的使用很简单，但不要创建不常用的字体，以免系统中不存在。本文参考游戏编程入门，源代码，截图如下。