.NET: XML
XML在平常生活中用得很多，它的结构很简单，跟windows explorer有点像。
对它进行操作主要有三种方式：XmlDocument,
假设有这么一个XML文件Book.XML
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 2 <bookstore> 3 <!--记录书本的信息--> 4 <book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-11-19149-2"> 5 <title>数据结构</title> 6 <author>严蔚敏</author> 7 <price>30.00</price> 8 </book> 9 <book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-3"> 10 <title>路由型与交换型互联网基础</title> 11 <author>程青梅</author> 12 <price>27.00</price> 13 </book> 14 <book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-4"> 15 <title>计算机硬件技术基础</title> 16 <author>李基灿</author> 17 <price>25.00</price> 18 </book> 19 <book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-5"> 20 <title>软件质量保证与管理</title> 21 <author>朱少敏</author> 22 <price>39.00</price> 23 </book> 24 <book Type="必修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-6"> 25 <title>算法设计与分析</title> 26 <author>王红梅</author> 27 <price>23.00</price> 28 </book> 29 <book Type="选修课" ISBN="7-111-19149-1"> 30 <title>计算机操作系统</title> 31 <author>林美苏</author> 32 <price>28.00</price> 33 </book> 34 </bookstore>
再定义一个BookModel类
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 6 namespace ConsoleTest 7 { 8 public class BookModel 9 { 10 public BookModel() 11 { 12 } 13 14 private string bookType; 15 public string BookType 16 { 17 get { return bookType; } 18 set { bookType = value; } 19 } 20 21 private string bookISBN; 22 public string BookISBN 23 { 24 get { return bookISBN; } 25 set { bookISBN = value; } 26 } 27 28 private string bookName; 29 public string BookName 30 { 31 get { return bookName; } 32 set { bookName = value; } 33 } 34 35 private string bookAuthor; 36 public string BookAuthor 37 { 38 get { return bookAuthor; } 39 set { bookAuthor = value; } 40 } 41 42 private double bookPrice; 43 public double BookPrice 44 { 45 get { return bookPrice; } 46 set { bookPrice = value; } 47 } 48 } 49 }
1. XmlDocument
分别演示了读取，增加，修改和删除
2. 用XmlTextReader和XmlTextWriter
XmlTextWriter要覆盖原来的文件，显得很麻烦，这里就不写了
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Xml; 6 using System.Xml.Linq; 7 8 namespace ConsoleTest 9 { 10 public class Program 11 { 12 static private void showXmlInfo(string path) 13 { 14 XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); 15 XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings(); 16 settings.IgnoreComments = true; 17 XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(path, settings); 18 doc.Load(reader); 19 20 XmlNode xn = doc.DocumentElement; 21 XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes; 22 List<BookModel> bookModelList = new List<BookModel>(); 23 foreach (XmlNode xmlNode in xnl) 24 { 25 BookModel bookModel = new BookModel(); 26 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xmlNode; 27 bookModel.BookISBN = xe.GetAttribute("ISBN").ToString(); 28 bookModel.BookType = xe.GetAttribute("Type").ToString(); 29 XmlNodeList xnlChild = xe.ChildNodes; 30 bookModel.BookName = xnlChild.Item(0).InnerText; 31 bookModel.BookAuthor = xnlChild.Item(1).InnerText; 32 bookModel.BookPrice = Convert.ToDouble(xnlChild.Item(2).InnerText); 33 bookModelList.Add(bookModel); 34 } 35 foreach (BookModel book in bookModelList) 36 { 37 Console.WriteLine("Book ISBN: {0} Type: {1}", book.BookISBN, book.BookType); 38 Console.WriteLine("\tBookName: {0}", book.BookName); 39 Console.WriteLine("\tBookAuthor: {0}", book.BookAuthor); 40 Console.WriteLine("\tBookPrice: {0}", book.BookPrice); 41 } 42 reader.Close(); 43 } 44 45 static private void showXmlInfoByTextReader(string path) 46 { 47 XmlTextReader reader = new XmlTextReader(path); 48 List<BookModel> modelList = new List<BookModel>(); 49 BookModel model = new BookModel(); 50 while (reader.Read()) 51 { 52 if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element) 53 { 54 if (reader.Name == "book") 55 { 56 model.BookType = reader.GetAttribute(0); 57 model.BookISBN = reader.GetAttribute(1); 58 } 59 if (reader.Name == "title") 60 { 61 model.BookName = reader.ReadElementString().Trim(); 62 } 63 if (reader.Name == "author") 64 { 65 model.BookAuthor = reader.ReadElementString().Trim(); 66 } 67 if (reader.Name == "price") 68 { 69 model.BookPrice = Convert.ToDouble(reader.ReadElementString().Trim()); 70 } 71 } 72 if (reader.NodeType == XmlNodeType.EndElement) 73 { 74 modelList.Add(model); 75 model = new BookModel(); 76 } 77 } 78 modelList.RemoveAt(modelList.Count - 1); 79 foreach (BookModel book in modelList) 80 { 81 Console.WriteLine("Book ISBN: {0} Type: {1}", book.BookISBN, book.BookType); 82 Console.WriteLine("\tBookName: {0}", book.BookName); 83 Console.WriteLine("\tBookAuthor: {0}", book.BookAuthor); 84 Console.WriteLine("\tBookPrice: {0}", book.BookPrice); 85 } 86 reader.Close(); 87 } 88 89 static void Main(string[] args) 90 { 91 const string PATH = @"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Demo\Book.XML"; 92 93 Console.WriteLine("Read by XmlDocument...\n"); 94 showXmlInfo(PATH); 95 96 Console.WriteLine("\nRead by XmlTextReader...\n"); 97 showXmlInfoByTextReader(PATH); 98 99 XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); 100 doc.Load(PATH); 101 XmlNode root = doc.DocumentElement; 102 103 XmlElement xelKey = doc.CreateElement("book"); 104 xelKey.SetAttribute("Type", "选修课"); 105 xelKey.SetAttribute("ISBN", "7-111-19149-7"); 106 107 XmlElement xelTitle = doc.CreateElement("title"); 108 xelTitle.InnerText = "计算机算法与结构"; 109 XmlElement xelAuthor = doc.CreateElement("author"); 110 xelAuthor.InnerText = "程晓旭"; 111 XmlElement xelPrice = doc.CreateElement("price"); 112 xelPrice.InnerText = "50.00"; 113 xelKey.AppendChild(xelTitle); 114 xelKey.AppendChild(xelAuthor); 115 xelKey.AppendChild(xelPrice); 116 117 root.AppendChild(xelKey); 118 doc.Save(PATH); 119 Console.WriteLine("\nApending one child by XmlDocument...\n"); 120 showXmlInfo(PATH); 121 122 xelKey.GetElementsByTagName("title").Item(0).InnerText = ".NET深入浅出"; 123 xelKey.GetElementsByTagName("author").Item(0).InnerText = "冯小兵"; 124 xelKey.GetElementsByTagName("price").Item(0).InnerText = "49.00"; 125 doc.Save(PATH); 126 127 Console.WriteLine("\nEditting one child...\n"); 128 showXmlInfo(PATH); 129 130 xelKey.ParentNode.RemoveChild(xelKey); 131 doc.Save(PATH); 132 Console.WriteLine("\nRemove one child...\n"); 133 showXmlInfo(PATH); 134 } 135 } 136 }
用windowsForm的listBox来显示的时候
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.ComponentModel; 4 using System.Data; 5 using System.Drawing; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Text; 8 using System.Windows.Forms; 9 using System.Xml; 10 11 namespace WindowsTest 12 { 13 public partial class Form1 : Form 14 { 15 const string PATH = @"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Demo\Book.XML"; 16 public Form1() 17 { 18 InitializeComponent(); 19 } 20 21 private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 22 { 23 XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); 24 doc.Load(PATH); 25 RecurseXmlDocument((XmlNode)doc.DocumentElement, 0); 26 } 27 28 private void RecurseXmlDocument(XmlNode root, int indent) 29 { 30 if (root == null) return; 31 if (root is XmlElement) 32 { 33 listBox1.Items.Add(root.Name.PadLeft(root.Name.Length + indent)); 34 if (root.HasChildNodes) 35 { 36 RecurseXmlDocument(root.FirstChild, indent + 2); 37 } 38 39 if (root.NextSibling != null) 40 { 41 RecurseXmlDocument(root.NextSibling, indent); 42 } 43 44 } 45 else if (root is XmlText) 46 { 47 string text = ((XmlText)root).Value; 48 listBox1.Items.Add(text.PadLeft(text.Length + indent)); 49 } 50 } 51 } 52 }
3. 用LINQ
3.0的新发现
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using System.Text; 5 using System.Xml; 6 using System.Xml.Linq; 7 8 namespace ConsoleTest 9 { 10 public class Program 11 { 12 static private void showXmlInfoByLinq(string path) 13 { 14 XElement xe = XElement.Load(path); 15 IEnumerable<XElement> elements = from ele in xe.Elements("book") 16 select ele; 17 List<BookModel> modelList = new List<BookModel>(); 18 foreach (var ele in elements) 19 { 20 BookModel model = new BookModel(); 21 model.BookAuthor = ele.Element("author").Value; 22 model.BookName = ele.Element("title").Value; 23 model.BookPrice = Convert.ToDouble(ele.Element("price").Value); 24 model.BookISBN = ele.Attribute("ISBN").Value; 25 model.BookType = ele.Attribute("Type").Value; 26 modelList.Add(model); 27 } 28 foreach (BookModel book in modelList) 29 { 30 Console.WriteLine("Book ISBN: {0} Type: {1}", book.BookISBN, book.BookType); 31 Console.WriteLine("\tBookName: {0}", book.BookName); 32 Console.WriteLine("\tBookAuthor: {0}", book.BookAuthor); 33 Console.WriteLine("\tBookPrice: {0}", book.BookPrice); 34 } 35 } 36 37 static void Main(string[] args) 38 { 39 const string PATH = @"C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Demo\Book.XML"; 40 41 Console.WriteLine("\nRead by XmlLinq...\n"); 42 showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH); 43 44 XElement xe = XElement.Load(PATH); 45 XElement record = new XElement( 46 new XElement("book", 47 new XAttribute("Type", "选修课"), 48 new XAttribute("ISBN", "7-111-19149-8"), 49 new XElement("title", "敏捷开发"), 50 new XElement("author", "秦朗"), 51 new XElement("price", 34.00) 52 ) 53 ); 54 xe.Add(record); 55 xe.Save(PATH); 56 Console.WriteLine("\nApending one child by XmlLinq...\n"); 57 showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH); 58 59 xe = XElement.Load(PATH); 60 IEnumerable<XElement> element = from ele in xe.Elements("book") 61 where ele.Attribute("ISBN").Value == "7-111-19149-8" 62 select ele; 63 if (element.Count() > 0) 64 { 65 XElement first = element.First(); 66 first.SetAttributeValue("Type", "必修课"); 67 first.ReplaceNodes( 68 new XElement("title", "敏捷开发框架"), 69 new XElement("author", "秦明"), 70 new XElement("price", 35.00) 71 ); 72 } 73 xe.Save(PATH); 74 Console.WriteLine("\nEditting one child by XmlLinq...\n"); 75 showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH); 76 77 xe = XElement.Load(PATH); 78 IEnumerable<XElement> elements = from ele in xe.Elements("book") 79 where ele.Attribute("ISBN").Value == "7-111-19149-8" 80 select ele; 81 if (elements.Count() > 0) 82 { 83 elements.First().Remove(); 84 } 85 xe.Save(PATH); 86 Console.WriteLine("\nRemoving one child by XmlLinq...\n"); 87 showXmlInfoByLinq(PATH); 88 } 89 } 90 }