.Net com组件操作excel(不建议采用Com组件操作excel)

添加"Microsoft Office 12.0 Object Library" com组件
  1 using System;

  2 using System.Data;

  3 using System.Data.OleDb;

  4 using System.IO;

  5 using System.Text;

  6 

  7 namespace Test

  8 {

  9     public class DataAccess_Excel

 10     {

 11         private string GetConnectionString(string path)

 12         {

 13             string extension = Path.GetExtension(path).ToUpper();

 14             if (".XLS".Equals(extension))

 15                 return GetXLSConnStr(path);

 16             else if (".XLSX".Equals(extension))

 17                 return GetXLSXConnStr(path);

 18             else

 19                 return null;

 20         }

 21 

 22         /// <summary>

 23         /// "HDR=Yes:"用于指示将Excel表格中的第一行作为标题，此时在查询语句中可以将标题作为数据表的字段名使用"

 24         /// "HDR= No:"则表示将Excel表格中的所有行都作为数据内容而不包含标题"

 25         /// </summary>

 26         /// <param name="path"></param>

 27         /// <returns></returns>

 28         private string GetXLSConnStr(string path)

 29         {

 30             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

 31             sb.Append("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=");

 32             sb.Append(path);

 33             sb.Append(";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;'");

 34             return sb.ToString();

 35         }

 36 

 37         private string GetXLSXConnStr(string path)

 38         {

 39             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

 40             sb.Append("Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;");

 41             sb.Append("Data Source=" + path + ";");

 42             sb.Append("Properties='Excel 12.0;HDR=YES'");

 43             return sb.ToString();

 44         }

 45 

 46         /// <summary>

 47         /// 用来获取数据连接

 48         /// </summary>

 49         /// <param name="path">excel文件的路径</param>

 50         /// <returns>返回一个OleDbConnection对象</returns>

 51         private OleDbConnection GetConnection(string path)

 52         {

 53             string conString = GetConnectionString(path);

 54             OleDbConnection oleConnection = new OleDbConnection(conString);

 55             try

 56             {

 57                 oleConnection.Open();

 58             }

 59             catch (Exception ex)

 60             {

 61                 throw ex;

 62             }

 63             return oleConnection;

 64         }

 65 

 66         /// <summary>

 67         /// 从EXCEL中获取第一个SHEET的名称

 68         /// 注意Excel wooksheet的名字必须以"$"结尾并且包含在方括号中。列名如有需要也应当包含在方括号中（如列名中包含有空格其它特殊字符等）。

 69         /// </summary>

 70         /// <param name="path"></param>

 71         /// <returns></returns>

 72         private string GetSheetName(string path)

 73         {

 74             try

 75             {

 76                 string tableName = string.Empty;

 77                 DataTable dt = null;

 78                 using (OleDbConnection oleConnection = GetConnection(path))

 79                 {

 80                     dt = oleConnection.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);

 81                 }

 82                 if (dt.Rows.Count > 0)

 83                 {

 84                     tableName = dt.Rows[0][2].ToString().Trim();

 85                     if (!tableName.Contains("$"))

 86                     {

 87                         tableName += "$";

 88                     }

 89                     tableName = "[" + tableName + "]";

 90                 }

 91                 return tableName;

 92             }

 93             catch (Exception ex)

 94             {

 95                 throw ex;

 96             }

 97         }

 98 

 99         /// <summary>

100         /// 修改数据

101         /// </summary>

102         /// <param name="path">excel文件路径</param>

103         /// <returns>sql语句</returns>

104         public int ExecuteNonQuery(string path, string sql)

105         {

106             int i = -1;

107             try

108             {

109                 using (OleDbConnection oleConnection = GetConnection(path))

110                 {

111                     OleDbCommand oleCommand = oleConnection.CreateCommand();

112                     oleCommand.CommandText = sql;

113                     oleCommand.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

114                     i = oleCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();

115                 }

116             }

117             catch (Exception ex)

118             {

119                 throw ex;

120             }

121             return i;

122         }

123 

124         /// <summary>

125         /// 查询数据

126         /// </summary>

127         /// <param name="path">excel文件路径</param>

128         /// <returns>sql语句</returns>

129         public DataTable ExecuteQuery(string path, string sql)

130         {

131             DataTable dt = null;

132             try

133             {

134                 dt = new DataTable();

135                 dt.TableName = GetSheetName(path);

136                 using (OleDbConnection oleConnection = GetConnection(path))

137                 {

138                     OleDbCommand oleCommand = oleConnection.CreateCommand();

139                     oleCommand.CommandText = sql;

140                     oleCommand.CommandType = CommandType.Text;

141                     OleDbDataAdapter oleAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(oleCommand);

142                     oleAdapter.Fill(dt);

143                 }

144             }

145             catch (Exception ex)

146             {

147                 throw ex;

148             }

149             return dt;

150         }

151 

152         /// <summary>

153         /// 获取excel文件中的数据，默认从sheet1中获取数据，如果sheet1中没有数据，则从nicelabel中获取数据

154         /// </summary>

155         /// <param name="path">excel文件路径</param>

156         /// <returns>返回一个DataTable</returns>

157         public DataTable GetDataFromExcelFile(string path)

158         {

159             string sheetName = GetSheetName(path);

160             string sql = string.Format(@"Select * From {0}", sheetName);

161             return ExecuteQuery(path, sql);

162         }

163 

164         /// <summary>

165         /// 创建表并插入数据

166         /// </summary>

167         /// <param name="dgv">DataGridView对象</param>

168         /// <param name="path">excel 文件路径</param>

169         /// <param name="row">表示哪一行</param>

170         public void CreateTableAndInsertValue(DataTable dt, string path, int? row = null)

171         {

172             CreateTable(dt, path);

173             InsertData(dt, path, row);

174         }

175 

176         /// <summary>

177         /// 创建表单

178         /// </summary>

179         /// <param name="dgv"></param>

180         /// <param name="path"></param>

181         public void CreateTable(DataTable dt, string path)

182         {

183             StringBuilder createSql = new StringBuilder();

184             createSql.Append(string.Format("Create Table {0}",dt.TableName));

185             createSql.Append(" ( ");

186             for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)

187             {

188                 createSql.Append("[");

189                 createSql.Append(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);

190                 createSql.Append("]");

191                 createSql.Append(" memo");

192                 if (i != dt.Columns.Count - 1)

193                     createSql.Append(",");

194             }

195             createSql.Append(" )");

196             ExecuteNonQuery(path, createSql.ToString());

197         }

198 

199         /// <summary>

200         /// 插入表数据

201         /// </summary>

202         /// <param name="dgv">表单</param>

203         /// <param name="path">文件路径</param>

204         /// <param name="row">如果ROW为NULL,则插入所有数据，否则只插入特定行的数据</param>

205         public void InsertData(DataTable dt, string path, int? row = null)

206         {

207             int rowFrom = 0;

208             int rowEnd = 0;

209             if (row == null)

210             {

211                 rowFrom = 0;

212                 rowEnd = dt.Rows.Count;

213             }

214             else

215             {

216                 rowFrom = row.Value;

217                 rowEnd = rowFrom + 1;

218             }

219             for (int rowIndex = rowFrom; rowIndex < rowEnd; rowIndex++)

220             {

221                 string insertSql = GetInsertSql(dt.Rows[rowIndex]);

222                 ExecuteNonQuery(path, insertSql);

223             }

224         }

225 

226         /// <summary>

227         /// 插入数据

228         /// </summary>

229         public int InsertData(DataRow dr, string path)

230         {

231             string insertSql = GetInsertSql(dr);

232             return ExecuteNonQuery(path, insertSql);

233         }

234 

235         private string GetInsertSql(DataRow dr) 

236         {

237             StringBuilder insertSql = new StringBuilder();

238             insertSql.Append(string.Format("Insert Into {0} Values ",dr.Table.TableName));

239             insertSql.Append(" ( ");

240             int columnCount = dr.Table.Columns.Count;

241             for (int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++)

242             {

243                 if (dr.Field<string>(j) != null)

244                 {

245                     insertSql.Append("'");

246                     insertSql.Append(dr.Field<string>(j).Replace("'", "''"));

247                     insertSql.Append("'");

248                 }

249                 else

250                 {

251                     insertSql.Append("''");

252                 }

253                 if (j != columnCount - 1)

254                     insertSql.Append(",");

255             }

256             insertSql.Append(")");

257             return insertSql.ToString();

258         }

            //使用OLEDB无法直接删除excel中的数据，需要先删除原数据文件，然后重新CreateTable

259     }

260 }