MariaDB 10 (MySQL DB) 多主复制并实现读写分离
MariaDB 10 (MySQL DB) 多主复制并实现读写分离 - 姜名则
原文 http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaocen/p/3703552.html
二、 资源配置
主机属性
| 系统 | 名字 | 角色 | 主机名 | ip地址 | 关系 |
| Centos6.5x86_64 | DB1 | Master | essun.mariadb1.com | 192.168.1.109 | 与DB2互为主从 |
| Centos6.5x86_64 | DB2 | Master | essun.mariadb2.com | 192.168.1.112 | 与DB1互为主从 |
| Centos6.5x86_64 | DB3 | Slave | essun.mariadb3.com | 192.168.1.113 | DB1的从库 |
| Centos6.5x86_64 | Monitor | Monitor | essun.monitor.com | 192.168.1.116 | 监控所有主机 |
虚拟ip(VIP)
DB1 192.168.1.109 192.168.1.24
DB2 192.168.1.112 192.168.1.24,192.168.1.22
DB3 192.168.1.113 192.168.1.23
三、 拓扑图
四、实现过程
1、配置DB1
修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加如下语句
server-id=1log_bin=/mariadb/data/mysql-bin binlog_format=row log-slave-updates sync_binlog=1auto_increment_increment=2 # 默认地，AUTO_INCREMENT 的开始值是 1，每条新记录递增 1。auto_increment_offset=1
授权用户
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'192.168.1.112' identified by 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'192.168.1.113' identified by 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看binlog日志标记
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000003 | 756 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2、配置DB2
修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加如下语句
log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=ROW log-slave-updates sync_binlog=1auto_increment_increment=2auto_increment_offset=2server-id=2
授权用户
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'192.168.1.109' identified by 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.15 sec)
查看binlog日志标记
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000007 | 548 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
连接DB1
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000007 | 548 | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3、配置DB3
修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf添加如下语句
server-id=3log-bin=mysql-binlog-slave-updatesrelay-log=relay-log-bin
连接DB1
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.1.109',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=756; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.1.109 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 756 Relay_Log_File: relay-log-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 535 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 756 Relay_Log_Space: 830 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes Master_SSL_CA_File: /etc/slave/cacert.pem Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: /etc/slave/mysql.crt Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: /etc/slave/mysql.key Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_SSL_Crl: /etc/slave/cacert.pem Master_SSL_Crlpath: Using_Gtid: No Gtid_IO_Pos:1 row in set (0.00 sec)
DB1连接DB2
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.1.112',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=548; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.1.112 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 548 Relay_Log_File: essun-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 535 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 548 Relay_Log_Space: 832 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 2 Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Using_Gtid: No Gtid_IO_Pos:1 row in set (0.00 sec)
4、测试
在DB2中建立一个数据库testdb
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.1.112',master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=548; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.1.112 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 548 Relay_Log_File: essun-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 535 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000007 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 548 Relay_Log_Space: 832 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 2 Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Using_Gtid: No Gtid_IO_Pos:1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在DB1中对testdb，插入一条数据
MariaDB [testdb]> insert t1 values ('tom',24);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
在DB3中查看结果
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from testdb.t1;+------+-----+| name | age | +------+-----+| tom | 24 | | king | 24 | +------+-----+2 rows in set (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]>
OK！三台DB的主从配置正常工作
在DB1~3上安装mysql-mmmo-agent
注：mysql-mmm-agent是在epel源中，所以要下载EPEL源安装包即可 http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/repoview/epel-release.html
下载对应的版本就可以的。
#rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpmyum -y install mysql-mmm-agent
每一个节点都要安装
在每一个节点上要给Monitor授权用户
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT SUPER, REPLICATION CLIENT, PROCESS ON *.* TO 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.1.116' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.1.116' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'192.168.1.116' IDENTIFIED BY 'replpass';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
6、在Monitor节点上要安装
#yum -y install mysql-mmm*
此包同样也在epel源中
7、在Monitor端的设置/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
active_master_role writer<host default> cluster_interface eth0 pid_path /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.pid bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/ replication_user repluser #复制用户 replication_password replpass #复制密码 agent_user mmm_agent #代理用户 agent_password 123456 #代理用户的密码</host> <host db1> ip 192.168.1.109 mode master peer db2</host><host db2> ip 192.168.1.112 mode master peer db1</host> <host db3> ip 192.168.1.113 mode slave</host><role writer> hosts db1, db2 ips 192.168.1.24 mode exclusive #排它</role> <role reader> hosts db2, db3 ips 192.168.1.22, 192.168.1.23 mode balanced #均衡</role>
将此文件分发到各DB1~3中的/etc/mysql-mmm/下
8、每一个DB中都会有mmm_agent的配置文件，编辑mmm_agent.conf
在数据库服务器上，还有一个mmm_agent.conf需要修改，其内容是：
include mmm_common.conf# The 'this' variable refers to this server. Proper operation requires# that 'this' server (db1 by default), as well as all other servers, have the# proper IP addresses set in mmm_common.conf.this db2
第一行表示：将之前Monitor中的mmm_common.conf文件载入到此文件中，供此文件中的参数设用。
最后一行标记此主机的角色（引用mmm_common.conf中的host段）在不同的数据库服务器上要分别改为db1和db3否则代理就会无法启动。
9、编辑mmm_mon.confg
在Monitor上，修改mmm_mon.conf文件，修改后内容为：
include mmm_common.conf<monitor> ip 192.168.1.116 #当前monitor主机地址 pid_path /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.pid bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm status_path /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status ping_ips 192.168.1.109, 192.168.1.112 #真实DB地址 auto_set_online 10 # The kill_host_bin does not exist by default, though the monitor will # throw a warning about it missing. See the section 5.10 "Kill Host # Functionality" in the PDF documentation. # # kill_host_bin /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/monitor/kill_host #</monitor> <host default> monitor_user mmm_monitor #监控DB的用户名 monitor_password 123456 #密码</host>debug 0 #关闭debug功能，如果程序无法监控得到，可以使用debug 1查错
10、启动MMM
在各DB端启动mmm-agent
#cd /etc/init.d/# chkconfig mysql-mmm-monitor on# service mysql-mmm-monitor start
在Monitor端启动监控程序
#cd /etc/init.d/# chkconfig mysql-mmm-monitor on# service mysql-mmm-monitor start
过几秒钟，就可以使用mmm_control show查看在线监控端(DB)了
[root@essun ~]# service mysql-mmm-monitor statusmmm_mond (pid 5395) is running... [root@essun ~]# mmm_control show db1(192.168.1.109) master/ONLINE. Roles: db2(192.168.1.112) master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.1.22), writer(192.168.1.24) db3(192.168.1.113) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.1.23)
注：可以使用
[root@essun ~]# mmm_control --help Invalid command '--help'Valid commands are: help - show this message ping - ping monitor show - show status checks [<host>|all [<check>|all]] - show checks status set_online <host> - set host <host> online set_offline <host> - set host <host> offline mode - print current mode. set_active - switch into active mode. set_manual - switch into manual mode. set_passive - switch into passive mode. move_role [--force] <role> <host> - move exclusive role <role> to host <host> (Only use --force if you know what you are doing!) set_ip <ip> <host> - set role with ip <ip> to host <host>
查看mmm_control的可用参数
11、模拟DB2下线
Monitor当前状态
让DB2下线，当前可写主机是db1,db3
db2没有下线之前还可以读写，当下线之后，可写的切换到DB1上了，所有读的都到了db3上了
当DB2重新上线后的情况如下
注：DB1、DB同时只能一有个写，一个读！
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