mysql主从复制及双主结构
环境准备
14.04.1-Ubuntu x86_64
准备两台机器，ip分别为192.168.1.200和192.168.1.201
分别为两台机器安装mysql
2. 从http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/#downloads下载
mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz安装包
3. 安装mysql依赖
apt-get install libaio1
4. 安装mysql
安装目录为/usr/local
4.1 添加用户和组
groupadd mysql
useradd –r –g mysql mysql
4.2 解压mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar –zxvf mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz –C /usr/local
4.3 重命名文件
cd /usr/local
mv mysql-5.6.27-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql
4.4 进入 mysql 目录, 设置 mysql 目录的拥有者和所属的用户组
cd mysql
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
4.5 执行mysql 安装脚本
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
4.6 再次设置 mysql 目录的拥有者
chown -R root .
4.7 设置 data 目录的拥有者
chown -R mysql data
4.8 复制 mysql 配置文件到/etc目录
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
4.9 启动 mysql
bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
4.10 初始化 root 用户密码
bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new_password'
4.11 复制mysql.server 脚本
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
在/etc/init.d目录下面的都可以通过service来启动，因此，可以通过如下方式启动和停止：
service mysql.server [status|start|stop]
4.12 把 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql 命令加到用户命令中，这样就不用每次都加 mysql命令的路径
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin/mysql
4.13 登录mysql
mysql –u root -p
4.14 mysql用户配置
删除用户表中密码为空和user为空的
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
mysql> delete from user where password = '';
4.15 设置允许远程登录
mysql> update user set host = '%';
到此mysql安装及配置基本完成。
5. 主从复制配置
将192.168.1.200作为主节点，192.168.1.201作为从节点
5.1 修改主节点配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]中增加
server-id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
修改完后重启mysql:
root@hadoop01:/usr/local/mysql# service mysql.server restart
登录mysql查看是否修改成功
mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 1 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5.2. 修改从节点配置
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]中增加
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
修改完后重启mysql:
root@hadoop02:/usr/local/mysql# service mysql.server restart
登录mysql查看是否修改成功
mysql> show variables like 'server_id';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 2 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
5.3. 配置从节点
在主节点服务器上执行：show master status;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 120 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
记录下File和Position的值，在配置从服务器时需要用到。
在从服务器上运行如下命令：
change master to
master_host='192.168.1.200',
master_user='root',
master_password='123456',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=120;
5.4. 启动slave
在从节点服务器上执行：
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
查看启动状态：
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.200
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_File: hadoop02-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 120
Relay_Log_Space: 622
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: f71240d8-8c63-11e5-a0fd-000c2969b5ff
Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5.5 测试
在主节点上创建表并插入数据
mysql> create database t1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> use t1;
Database changed
mysql> create table t_user(id int(10),name varchar(50));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> insert into t_user(id,name) values(1,'wwss');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t_user;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | wwss |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
在从节点查看是否同步了数据：
mysql>
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| t1 |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use t1;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+--------------+
| Tables_in_t1 |
+--------------+
| t_user |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t_user;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | wwss |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
数据同步成功。
测试在从节点中插入数据，能否同步到主节点：
mysql> insert into t_user(id,name) values(2,'zhangsan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from t_user;
+------+----------+
| id | name |
+------+----------+
| 1 | wwss |
| 2 | zhangsan |
+------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
在主节点查询：
mysql> select * from t_user;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | wwss |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
因此在从节点插入的数据无法同步到主节点。
6. mysql双主结构配置
在从节点服务器上执行：show master status;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 344 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
在主节点服务器上运行如下命令：
change master to
master_host='192.168.1.201',
master_user='root',
master_password='123456',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
master_log_pos=344;
在主节点服务上执行:
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql>
查看状态：
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.201
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 344
Relay_Log_File: hadoop01-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 344
Relay_Log_Space: 459
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 2
Master_UUID: debcdb40-8c66-11e5-a10f-000c298a4d2b
Master_Info_File: /usr/local/mysql/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
测试：
在从节点上插入数据：
mysql> insert into t_user(id,name) values(3,'test10');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t_user;
+------+----------+
| id | name |
+------+----------+
| 1 | wwss |
| 2 | zhangsan |
| 3 | test10 |
+------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
在主节点上查看：
mysql> select * from t_user;
+------+--------+
| id | name |
+------+--------+
| 1 | wwss |
| 3 | test10 |
+------+--------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
至此mysql主从复制和双主结构配置完成。