JavaWeb--中文乱码小结

JavaWeb--中文乱码小结
出处:http://chriszz.sinaapp.com
0.纯粹html乱码:
换个editor吧(有时候notepad都比sublime_text好用),最好是在<head></head>之间添加<meta charset="utf-8">

1.jsp到jsp之间,表单
(假设包含表单的页面为a,提交的action为b)
get:不乱码
post:乱码(在b页面用<%request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");%>)
超链接形式的跳转,如果带有参数,本质上还是get方法,所以不会乱码

2.jsp到jsp之间,转发,转发参数乱码(<jsp:forward>+<jsp:param>)
需要在转发标签<jsp:forward>之前添加<%request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");%>

3.servlet页面out对象输出中文,乱码
在相应的方法中添加response.setContentType("text/hmtl;charset=UTF-8");

4.jsp提交表单到servlet,servlet获取表单变量乱码
若表单是post方法:在servlet相应方法中添加request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
若表单是get方法:在servlet相应方法中添加request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");,或者用getBytes转码并构造新的String,例如;
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String name = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8");

总结一下:
对于post方法提交的表单,获取表单数据的页面都要用request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");对于get方式提交的表单,获取表单数据的页面既可以用request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8")也可以用getBytes()的方法构造新的String;对于使用<jsp:param>传递参数的情况,需要在传递参数前设定request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

/******************************************************************************/

经过@小沫9的提醒,我写了一个编码过滤器 EncodingFilter.java,并在web.xml中进行了配置。通过测试,jsp提交表单到jsp页面、jsp提交表单到servlet、 jsp使用传递参数、Servlet页面用out对象输出,每种情况都可以不再设定 request.setCharacterEncoding(“UTF-8″),因为过滤器已经搞定了一切编码。代码入下:

 1 package chris.filter
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 
 5 import javax.servlet.Filter;
 6 import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
 7 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
 8 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 9 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
10 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
12 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
13   
14 public class PageEncodingFilter implements Filter{  
15   
16     private String encoding = "UTF-8";  
17     protected FilterConfig filterConfig;  
18       
19       
20     public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {  
21         this.filterConfig = filterConfig;  
22         //本过滤器默认编码是UTF-8,但也可以在web.xml配置文件里设置自己需要的编码  
23         if(filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding") != null)  
24             encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");  
25     }  
26   
27     public void doFilter(ServletRequest srequset, ServletResponse sresponse,  
28             FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {  
29         HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest)srequset;  
30         request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
31         HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse)sresponse;
32         response.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
33         filterChain.doFilter(srequset, sresponse);  
34     }  
35       
36     public void destroy() {  
37         this.encoding = null;  
38     }  
39   
40 }  

 

相应地,我在web.xml中的filter则设定为:

 1 <filter>  
 2     <filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>  
 3     <filter-class>chris.filter.PageEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
 4     <init-param>  
 5       <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
 6       <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
 7     </init-param>  
 8   </filter>  
 9  
10   <filter-mapping>  
11       <filter-name>Encoding</filter-name>  
12       <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
13   </filter-mapping>

 

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