前言:下面实验的信息是我在几台配置不同服务器的测试结果,操作系统分别为Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.0 (Santiago)、Ubuntu 7.10。所以你看到我实验信息的不同时,请不要大惊小怪。而且有些命令也不是所有Linux操作系统都支持(例如在Ubuntu 7.10就不支持dmesg),下面的内容是收集整理的,如有错误或新的方法,也会不停整理、更新。
一:查看CPU信息
1、CPU详细信息
方法1:CPU信息一般保存在proc目录下的cpuinfo文件中。如下所示。
[root@DB-Server ~]# more /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : AuthenticAMD
cpu family : 16
model : 5
model name : AMD Athlon(tm) II X3 450 Processor
stepping : 3
cpu MHz : 800.000
cache size : 512 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 3
core id : 0
cpu cores : 3
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 5
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat
pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm
3dnowext 3dnow constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc extd_apicid pni monitor cx16 po
pcnt lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefet
ch osvw ibs skinit wdt npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save
bogomips : 6428.41
TLB size : 1024 4K pages
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps hwpstate
processor : 1
vendor_id : AuthenticAMD
cpu family : 16
model : 5
model name : AMD Athlon(tm) II X3 450 Processor
stepping : 3
cpu MHz : 800.000 --注意:AMD的CPU的频率会调整
cache size : 512 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 3
core id : 1
cpu cores : 3
apicid : 1
initial apicid : 1
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 5
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext
fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm 3dnowext 3dnow constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc extd_apicid pni monitor cx16 popcnt lahf_lm cmp_legacy
svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save
bogomips : 6428.64
TLB size : 1024 4K pages
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps hwpstate
processor : 2
vendor_id : AuthenticAMD
cpu family : 16
model : 5
model name : AMD Athlon(tm) II X3 450 Processor
stepping : 3
cpu MHz : 800.000
cache size : 512 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 3
core id : 2
cpu cores : 3
apicid : 2
initial apicid : 2
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 5
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext
fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm 3dnowext 3dnow constant_tsc rep_good nonstop_tsc extd_apicid pni monitor cx16 popcnt lahf_lm cmp_legacy
svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save
bogomips : 6428.63
TLB size : 1024 4K pages
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm stc 100mhzsteps hwpstate
方法2:使用dmesg命令(注意CPU应为大写)
[root@m1 ~]$dmesg | grep CPU SMP: Allowing 8 CPUs, 5 hotplug CPUs NR_CPUS:4096 nr_cpumask_bits:8 nr_cpu_ids:8 nr_node_ids:1 PERCPU: Embedded 31 pages/cpu @ffff880028200000 s95064 r8192 d23720 u262144 CPU: Physical Processor ID: 0 CPU: Processor Core ID: 0 mce: CPU supports 6 MCE banks CPU0: AMD Athlon(tm) II X3 450 Processor stepping 03 Brought up 3 CPUs processor LNXCPU:00: registered as cooling_device0 processor LNXCPU:01: registered as cooling_device1 processor LNXCPU:02: registered as cooling_device2
方法3:使用dmidecode查看CPU信息
[root@DB-Server ~]# dmidecode -t processor # dmidecode 2.10 SMBIOS 2.4 present. Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 35 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: Socket M2 Type: Central Processor Family: Athlon Manufacturer: AMD ID: 53 0F 10 00 FF FB 8B 17 Signature: Family 16, Model 5, Stepping 3 FlagsPGE (Page global enable) : FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers)MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (Fast floating-point save and restore) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) HTT (Hyper-threading technology) Version: AMD Athlon(tm) II X3 450 Processor Voltage: 1.6 V External Clock: 200 MHz Max Speed: 3000 MHz Current Speed: 3200 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket 754 L1 Cache Handle: 0x0008 L2 Cache Handle: 0x000A L3 Cache Handle: Not Provided Serial Number: Asset Tag: Part Number:
2、查看物理CPU个数
[root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "physical id" | sort | uniq | wc -l 1 [root@DB-Server ~]# dmesg | grep CPU | grep "Physical Processor ID" | uniq | wc -l 1
3、查看逻辑CPU个数
[root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "processor" | wc -l 3 [root@DB-Server ~]# dmesg | grep "CPU" | grep "processor" | wc -l 3
4、查看CPU是几核的
[root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "cores" | uniq cpu cores : 3
5、查看CPU的主频
[root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep MHz | uniq cpu MHz : 800.000 [root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep MHz cpu MHz : 800.000 cpu MHz : 800.000 cpu MHz : 800.000
6、查看CPU型号信息
[root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c 3 AMD Athlon(tm) II X3 450 Processor
7、通过physical id 可以判断物理CPU个数
[root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep physical | uniq -c 1 physical id : 0 1 address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual 1 physical id : 0 1 address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual 1 physical id : 0 1 address sizes : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
8、查看CPU是否支持64位运算
[root@DB-Server ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep flags | grep 'lm' | wc -l 3 结果大于0,说明支持64位运算,lm指long mode 支持lm则是64bit
[root@DB-Server ~]# getconf LONG_BIT 64 etl:/home/etl/$getconf LONG_BIT(另外一台服务器) 32 说明当前CPU运行在32位模式下,当不代表CPU不支持64位
二、 查看内存信息
你也可以用free命令查看
查看内存条型号
三:查看磁盘信息
四:查看网卡信息
1. mii-tool 指令来查看网卡信息。它主要是用于配置网卡工作模式的指令,同时也可以用于查询、监控工作。
2. 直接输入dmesg可以看到开机检测到硬件信息
3. ethtool eth0 采用此命令查到网卡相关的技术指标 (不一定所有网卡支持都支持此命令)
4. more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 用这个可以看到网卡的信息
5. ifconfig
6. lspci
网卡配置文件
每一个网络介质都对应一个配置文件,超级用户可以通过这些配置文件来配置网卡
网卡配置文件存放在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/目录中
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-interface-name
设置文件ifcfg-interface-name包含了初始化接口所需的大部分周详信息,其中interface-name将根据网卡的类型和排序而不同,一般其名字为eth0、eth1、ppp0等,
其中eth表示以太(eth0)类型网卡,0表示第一块网卡、1表示第二块网卡,而ppp0则表示point-to-poirt protocol网络接口。在ifcfg文件中定义的各项目取决于接口类型。
DEVICE=name 其中name是物理设备名
IPADDR=addr 其中addr是IP地址
NETMASK=mask 其中mask是网络掩码值
NETWORK=addr 其中addr是网络地址
BROADCAST=addr 其中addr是广播地址
GATEWAY=addr 其中addr是网关地址
ONBOOT=answer 其中answer是yes(引导时激活设备)或no(引导时不激活设备)
USECTL=answer 其中answer是yes(非root用户能控制该设备)或no
BOOTPROTO=proto
[root@DB-Server ~]# ethtool eth0
Settings for eth0:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 100Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
MDI-X: Unknown
Supports Wake-on: pg
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000001 (1)
Link detected: yes
ethtool -i eth0 加上-i查看网卡驱动
[root@DB-Server ~]# ethtool -i eth0
driver: ATL1C
version: 1.0.1.14
firmware-version: L1e
bus-info: 0000:02:00.0
[root@DB-Server ~]# dmesg | grep eth0
atheros_eth 0000:02:00.0: ATL1C: eth0 NIC Link is Up<100 Mbps Full Duplex>
[root@DB-Server ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
IPADDR=172.20.32.97
NETMASK=255.255.248.0
GATEWAY=172.20.39.251
DNS1=172.20.0.11
ONBOOT=yes
HWADDR=50:e5:49:df:b0:8b
BOOTPROTO=none
TYPE=Ethernet
IPV6INIT=no
USERCTL=no
[root@DB-Server ~]# mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok
五:查看主板信息
六:查看显卡信息
[root@DB-Server ~]# lspci |grep VGA
01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: ATI Technologies Inc 760G [Radeon 3000]