对象文件[置顶] 如何在 ASM 存储中使用 Data Pump （expdp impdp）进行数据导出导入操作
今天一直在查找对象文件之类的问题,现在正好有机会和大家共享一下.
如果在 Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) 存储中应用 Data Pump 停止导入或导出操纵, 必须应用
Oracle ASM 磁盘组的名称（而非操纵系统目录路径名称）定义用于存放 dump 文件的 directory 对象，还要创建一个指向
操纵系统目录路径的独自 directory 对象用于存放 data pump job 的日志文件。
示例：
在ASM中创建用于存放 dump 文件的 directory 对象；
22:09:58 sys@RAC> conn system/oracle
Connected.
22:10:04 system@RAC> CREATE or REPLACE DIRECTORY dp_dir as '+FRA/';
Directory created.
在操纵系统目录路径中创建用于存放日志文件的 directory 对象：
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ mkdir /home/oracle/backup
22:10:15 system@RAC> CREATE or REPLACE DIRECTORY dp_log as '/home/oracle/backup';
Directory created.
授予 scott 用户拜访上述目录对象的响应权限以及执行 data pump 任务的响应权限：
22:16:01 sys@RAC> GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY dp_dir TO scott;
Grant succeeded.
22:16:08 sys@RAC> GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY dp_log TO scott;
Grant succeeded.
执行 expdp 导出 scott 用户下的 emp 表
expdp scott/tiger tables=scott.emp DIRECTORY=dp_dir DUMPFILE=emp.dmp LOGFILE=dp_log:emp.log
这里我们直接用 system 用户停止了导出操纵
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ expdp system/oracle tables=scott.emp DIRECTORY=dp_dir DUMPFILE=emp.dmp LOGFILE=dp_log:emp.log
Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue May 21 22:24:22 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": system/******** tables=scott.emp DIRECTORY=dp_dir DUMPFILE=emp.dmp LOGFILE=dp_log:emp.log
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
. . exported "SCOTT"."EMP" 8.562 KB 14 rows
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SYSTEM.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:
+FRA/emp.dmp
[oracle@rac1 backup]$ pwd
/home/oracle/backup
[oracle@rac1 backup]$ ls
emp.log
假设：是否将日志文件直接存放在 ASM directory 中，而不独自创建操纵系统目录路径的 directory ？
我们先试试？
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ expdp system/oracle tables=scott.emp DIRECTORY=dp_dir DUMPFILE=emp2.dmp EXCLUDE=INDEX,STATISTICS LOGFILE=dp_dir:emp.log
Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue May 21 22:32:44 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
ORA-39002: invalid operation
ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.
ORA-29283: invalid file operation
ORA-06512: at "SYS.UTL_FILE", line 536
ORA-29283: invalid file operation
从上面的错误就可以看出没法将 data pump 日志文件存放在 ASM 中，其实即使可以也无意义，因为存放在 ASM 中也不便于查看。
如何将expdp导出的 dump 文件移动到操纵系统文件系统中呢？
这里我们应用 dbms_file_transfer.copy_file 包实现 ASM 和文件系统之间的拷贝：
DBMS_FILE_TRANSFER.COPY_FILE(
source_directory_object IN VARCHAR2,
source_file_name IN VARCHAR2,
destination_directory_object IN VARCHAR2,
destination_file_name IN VARCHAR2);
方法如下：
首先创建所需的 directory 对象
CREATE or REPLACE DIRECTORY asm_dir as '+FRA/'; --区别于后面的演示过程
CREATE or REPLACE DIRECTORY fs_dir as '/home/oracle/backup';--区别于后面的演示过程
[oracle@rac1 backup]$ ls
emp.log
22:48:11 system@RAC> exec dbms_file_transfer.copy_file('asm_dir','emp.dmp','fs_dir','maomi.emp');
[oracle@rac1 backup]$ ls -lt
total 140
-rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 135168 May 21 22:50 maomi.emp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle asmadmin 1396 May 21 22:30 emp.log
应用拷贝出来的 dump 文件停止导入测试:
[oracle@rac1 backup]$ impdp system/oracle tables=scott.emp DIRECTORY=fs_dir DUMPFILE=maomi.emp LOGFILE=imp_emp.log
Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue May 21 22:54:16 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01": system/******** tables=scott.emp DIRECTORY=fs_dir DUMPFILE=maomi.emp LOGFILE=imp_emp.log
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
ORA-39151: Table "SCOTT"."EMP" exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" completed with 1 error(s) at 22:55:59
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作者：xiangsir
原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/xiangsir/article/details/8957925
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