Android的状态栏通知(Notification)

通知用于在状态栏显示消息，消息到来时以图标方式表示，如下：

如果需要查看消息，可以拖动状态栏到屏幕下方即可查看消息.

1、Layout布局文件：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_marginTop="46dp"
        android:onClick="test1"
        android:text="@string/text_notifi" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button2"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_marginTop="94dp"
        android:onClick="clearNoti"
        android:text="@string/text_clear" />

</RelativeLayout>

2、string.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <string name="app_name">lession16-notifi</string>
    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>
    <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
    
    <string name="text_notifi">Notification应用案例</string>
    <string name="text_clear">清除通知</string>

</resources>

3、MainActivity

package com.example.lession16_notifi;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private NotificationManager notificationManager;

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		notificationManager=(NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}
	
	public void test1(View v){
		showNotification("来短信了", "5557", "I love you", R.drawable.ic_launcher, R.drawable.ic_launcher);
	}
	
	public void showNotification(String tickerText,String contentTitle,String contentText,int iconId,int notiId){
		//创建一个Notification
		Notification notification=new Notification();
		//设置通知  消息  图标
		notification.icon=iconId;
		//设置发出消息的内容
		notification.tickerText=tickerText;
		//设置发出通知的时间
		notification.when=System.currentTimeMillis();
		
		//设置显示通知时的默认的发声、震动、Light效果
		notification.defaults=Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE;//震动
		//Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.ic_launcher, "有新的消息", System.currentTimeMillis());
		
		//3步：PendingIntent android系统负责维护
		PendingIntent pendingIntent=PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, getIntent(), 0);
		//4步： 设置更加详细的信息
		notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, contentTitle, contentText, pendingIntent);
		//5步：使用notificationManager对象的notify方法 显示Notification消息   需要制定 Notification的标识
		notificationManager.notify(notiId, notification);
	}
	
	public void clearNoti(View v){
		notificationManager.cancelAll();//清除所有
	}

}

注：模拟器要实现震动需要加权限：DEFAULT_VIBRATE