Android与Internet(获取资源，多线程断点下载，get/post发送，发送xml)
从Internet获取数据
利用HttpURLConnection对象,我们可以从网络中获取网页数据.
URL url = new URL("http://www.sohu.com");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5* 1000);//设置连接超时
conn.setRequestMethod(“GET”);//以get方式发起请求
if (conn.getResponseCode() != 200) throw new RuntimeException("请求url失败");
InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();//得到网络返回的输入流
String result = readData(is, "GBK");
conn.disconnect();
//第一个参数为输入流,第二个参数为字符集编码
public static String readData(InputStream inSream, String charsetName) throws Exception{
ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
while( (len = inSream.read(buffer)) != -1 ){
outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
byte[] data = outStream.toByteArray();
outStream.close();
inSream.close();
return new String(data, charsetName);
}
<!-- 访问internet权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
利用HttpURLConnection对象,我们可以从网络中获取文件数据.
URL url = new URL("http://photocdn.sohu.com/20100125/Img269812337.jpg");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5* 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
if (conn.getResponseCode() != 200) throw new RuntimeException("请求url失败");
InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
readAsFile(is, "Img269812337.jpg");
public static void readAsFile(InputStream inSream, File file) throws Exception{
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
while( (len = inSream.read(buffer)) != -1 ){
outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
outStream.close();
inSream.close();
}
多线程下载
使用多线程下载文件可以更快完成文件的下载，多线程下载文件之所以快，是因为其抢占的服务器资源多。如：假设服务器同时最多服务100个用户，在服务器中一条线程对应一个用户，100条线程在计算机中并非并发执行，而是由CPU划分时间片轮流执行，如果A应用使用了99条线程下载文件，那么相当于占用了99个用户的资源，假设一秒内CPU分配给每条线程的平均执行时间是10ms，A应用在服务器中一秒内就得到了990ms的执行时间，而其他应用在一秒内只有10ms的执行时间。就如同一个水龙头，每秒出水量相等的情况下，放990毫秒的水
肯定比放10毫秒的水要多。
多线程下载的实现过程：
1>首先得到下载文件的长度，然后设置本地文件
的长度。
HttpURLConnection.getContentLength();
RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile("QQWubiSetup.exe","rw");
file.setLength(filesize);//设置本地文件的长度
2>根据文件长度和线程数计算每条线程下载的数据长度和下载位置。如：文件的长度为6M，线程数为3，那么，每条线程下载的数据长度为2M，每条线程开始下载的位置如上图所示。
3>使用Http的Range头字段指定每条线程从文件的什么位置开始下载，如：指定从文件的2M位置开始下载文件，代码如下：
HttpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=2097152-");
4>保存文件，使用RandomAccessFile类指定每条线程从本地文件的什么位置开始写入数据。
RandomAccessFile threadfile = new RandomAccessFile("QQWubiSetup.exe ","rw");
threadfile.seek(2097152);//从文件的什么位置开始写入数据
向Internet发送请求参数
利用HttpURLConnection对象,我们可以向网络发送请求参数.
String requestUrl = "http://localhost:8080/itcast/contanctmanage.do";
Map<String, String> requestParams = new HashMap<String, String>();
requestParams.put("age", "12");
requestParams.put("name", "中国");
StringBuilder params = new StringBuilder();
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : requestParams.entrySet()){
params.append(entry.getKey());
params.append("=");
params.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
params.append("&");
}
if (params.length() > 0) params.deleteCharAt(params.length() - 1);
byte[] data = params.toString().getBytes();
URL realUrl = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);//发送POST请求必须设置允许输出
conn.setUseCaches(false);//不使用Cache
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");//维持长连接
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
outStream.write(data);
outStream.flush();
if( conn.getResponseCode() == 200 ){
String result = readAsString(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8");
outStream.close();
System.out.println(result);
}
向Internet发送xml数据
利用HttpURLConnection对象,我们可以向网络发送请求参数.
String requestUrl = "http://localhost:8080/itcast/contanctmanage.do";
Map<String, String> requestParams = new HashMap<String, String>();
requestParams.put("age", "12");
requestParams.put("name", "中国");
StringBuilder params = new StringBuilder();
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : requestParams.entrySet()){
params.append(entry.getKey());
params.append("=");
params.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
params.append("&");
}
if (params.length() > 0) params.deleteCharAt(params.length() - 1);
byte[] data = params.toString().getBytes();
URL realUrl = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);//发送POST请求必须设置允许输出
conn.setUseCaches(false);//不使用Cache
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");//维持长连接
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
outStream.write(data);
outStream.flush();
if( conn.getResponseCode() == 200 ){
String result = readAsString(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8");
outStream.close();
System.out.println(result);
}
向Internet发送xml数据
利用HttpURLConnection对象,我们可以向网络发送xml数据.
StringBuilder xml = new StringBuilder();
xml.append("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\" ?>");
xml.append("<M1 V=10000>");
xml.append("<U I=1 D=\"N73\">中国</U>");
xml.append("</M1>");
byte[] xmlbyte = xml.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/itcast/contanctmanage.do?method=readxml");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5* 1000);
conn.setDoOutput(true);//允许输出
conn.setUseCaches(false);//不使用Cache
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");//维持长连接
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(xmlbyte.length));
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=UTF-8");
DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
outStream.write(xmlbyte);//发送xml数据
outStream.flush();
if (conn.getResponseCode() != 200) throw new RuntimeException("请求url失败");
InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();//获取返回数据
String result = readAsString(is, "UTF-8");
outStream.close();