用nio实现Echo服务--代码

今天突然间想用nio实现个Echo服务，程序实现起来实现不算困难，但跑起来后，在Server端的ServerSocket完成accept之后，我的CPU总是跳到100%。嗯，小郁闷，后来，才发现自己在Server端注册了多余的监听事件SelectionKey.OP_WRITE，改过来后好多了，希望记住这个教训。

 

EchoServer.java

package edu.dlut.zxf.nio;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Echo服务器
 * @author finux
 */
public class EchoServer {
    public final static int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024; //默认端口
    public final static String HOST = "210.30.107.17";
    public final static int PORT = 8888;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ServerSocketChannel ssc = null;
        //缓冲区
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(BUFFER_SIZE);
        Selector selector = null;
        try {
            selector = Selector.open();
            ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();
            ssc.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(HOST), PORT));
            ssc.configureBlocking(false);
            ssc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
            print("服务器启动，准备好连接...");
            while (selector.select() > 0) {
                Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
                for (SelectionKey key: selectionKeys) {
                    if (key.isAcceptable()) {
                        SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept();
                        print("有新的连接！地址：" + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress());
                        sc.configureBlocking(false);
                        sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
                        // 不要写成:
                        // sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
                        // 毕竟这样多注册的无用的事件SelectionKey.OP_WRTE
                        // 如果是这样，在完成accept后，CPU也许会跑到100%

                    }
                    //same to if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_READ) == SelectionKey.OP_READ) {
                    if (key.isReadable()) {
                        SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)key.channel();
                        print("有新的读取！地址：" + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress());
                        buffer.clear();
                        sc.read(buffer);
                        buffer.flip();
                        byte[] b = new byte[buffer.limit()];
                        buffer.get(b);
                        String s = new String(b);
                        if (s.equals("bye")) {
                            print("断开连接：" + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress());
                            //断开连接后，取消此键的通道到其选择器的注册
                            key.cancel();
                            sc.close();
                            continue;
                        }
                        print("读取的内容为：" + s);
                        buffer.clear();
                        s = "echo: " + s;
                        buffer.put(s.getBytes());
                        buffer.flip();
                        sc.write(buffer);
                    }
                }
                selectionKeys.clear();
            }
        } catch(IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void print(String s) {
        System.out.println(s);
    }
}

package edu.dlut.zxf.nio;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Echo服务器
 * @author finux
 */
public class EchoServer {
	public final static int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024; //默认端口
	public final static String HOST = "210.30.107.17";
	public final static int PORT = 8888;
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ServerSocketChannel ssc = null;
		//缓冲区
		ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(BUFFER_SIZE);
		Selector selector = null;
		try {
			selector = Selector.open();
			ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();
			ssc.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(HOST), PORT));
			ssc.configureBlocking(false);
			ssc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);		
			print("服务器启动，准备好连接...");
			while (selector.select() > 0) {		
				Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
				for (SelectionKey key: selectionKeys) {
					if (key.isAcceptable()) {
						SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept();
						print("有新的连接！地址：" + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress());
						sc.configureBlocking(false);
						sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
						// 不要写成:
						// sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
						// 毕竟这样多注册的无用的事件SelectionKey.OP_WRTE
						// 如果是这样，在完成accept后，CPU也许会跑到100%
						
					}
					//same to if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_READ) == SelectionKey.OP_READ) {
					if (key.isReadable()) { 
						SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)key.channel();
						print("有新的读取！地址：" + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress());						
						buffer.clear();						
						sc.read(buffer);
						buffer.flip();
						byte[] b = new byte[buffer.limit()];
						buffer.get(b);
						String s = new String(b);
						if (s.equals("bye")) {
							print("断开连接：" + sc.socket().getRemoteSocketAddress());	
							//断开连接后，取消此键的通道到其选择器的注册
							key.cancel();
							sc.close();
							continue;
						}
						print("读取的内容为：" + s);	
						buffer.clear();
						s = "echo: " + s;
						buffer.put(s.getBytes());
						buffer.flip();
						sc.write(buffer);
					} 
				}
				selectionKeys.clear();
			}
		} catch(IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
	}
	
	private static void print(String s) {
		System.out.println(s);
	}
}

 

EchoClient.java

package edu.dlut.zxf.nio;

import java.util.Set;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

/**
 * Echo客户端
 * @author finux
 */
public class EchoClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(EchoServer.BUFFER_SIZE);
        Selector selector = null;
        SocketChannel sc = null;
        try {
            selector = Selector.open();
            sc = SocketChannel.open();
            sc.configureBlocking(false);
            sc.connect(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(EchoServer.HOST), EchoServer.PORT));
            print("客户端启动，准备连接...");
            if (sc.isConnectionPending()) {
                sc.finishConnect();
            }
            print("完成连接");
            sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);

            boolean writed = false;
            boolean down = false;
            while (!down && selector.select() > 0) {
                Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
                for (SelectionKey key: selectionKeys) {
                    //int ops = key.readyOps();
                    //if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_WRITE) == SelectionKey.OP_WRITE && !writed) {
                    if (key.isWritable() && !writed) {
                        System.out.print("Input(bye to end): ");
                        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                        String s = br.readLine();
                        if (s != null && !s.trim().equals("")) {
                            buffer.clear();
                            buffer.put(s.getBytes());
                            buffer.flip();
                            sc.write(buffer);
                            writed = true;
                            if (s.equals("bye")) {
                                down = true;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    //if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_READ) == SelectionKey.OP_READ && writed) {
                    if (key.isReadable() && writed) {
                        buffer.clear();
                        sc.read(buffer);
                        buffer.flip();
                        byte[] b = new byte[buffer.limit()];
                        buffer.get(b);
                        print(new String(b));
                        writed = false;
                    }
                }
                selectionKeys.clear();
            }
        } catch(IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void print(String s) {
        System.out.println(s);
    }
}

package edu.dlut.zxf.nio;

import java.util.Set;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

/**
 * Echo客户端
 * @author finux
 */
public class EchoClient {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(EchoServer.BUFFER_SIZE);
		Selector selector = null;
		SocketChannel sc = null;
		try {
			selector = Selector.open();
			sc = SocketChannel.open();
			sc.configureBlocking(false);
			sc.connect(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(EchoServer.HOST), EchoServer.PORT));
			print("客户端启动，准备连接...");
			if (sc.isConnectionPending()) {
				sc.finishConnect();
			}
			print("完成连接");
			sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
			
			boolean writed = false;
			boolean down = false;
			while (!down && selector.select() > 0) {				
				Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
				for (SelectionKey key: selectionKeys) {					
					//int ops = key.readyOps();
					//if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_WRITE) == SelectionKey.OP_WRITE && !writed) {
					if (key.isWritable() && !writed) {
						System.out.print("Input(bye to end): ");
						BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); 
						String s = br.readLine();
						if (s != null && !s.trim().equals("")) {
							buffer.clear();
							buffer.put(s.getBytes());
							buffer.flip();
							sc.write(buffer);
							writed = true;
							if (s.equals("bye")) {
								down = true;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					//if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_READ) == SelectionKey.OP_READ && writed) {
					if (key.isReadable() && writed) {
						buffer.clear();
						sc.read(buffer);
						buffer.flip();
						byte[] b = new byte[buffer.limit()];
						buffer.get(b);
						print(new String(b));
						writed = false;
					}
				}
				selectionKeys.clear();
			}
		} catch(IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	private static void print(String s) {
		System.out.println(s);
	}
}

 

当然EchoClient也可以像下面这样来实现：

EchoClient2.java

package edu.dlut.zxf.nio;

import java.util.Set;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

/**
 * Echo客户端2
 * @author finux
 */
public class EchoClient2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(EchoServer.BUFFER_SIZE);
        Selector selector = null;
        SocketChannel sc = null;
        try {
            selector = Selector.open();
            sc = SocketChannel.open();
            sc.configureBlocking(false);
            sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
            sc.connect(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(EchoServer.HOST), EchoServer.PORT));
            print("客户端启动，准备连接...");

            boolean writed = false;
            boolean down = false;
            while (!down && selector.select() > 0) {
                Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
                for (SelectionKey key: selectionKeys) {
                    //int ops = key.readyOps();
                    //if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT) == SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT) {
                    if (key.isConnectable()) {
                        print("完成连接！");
                        if (sc.isConnectionPending()) {
                            sc.finishConnect();
                        }
                        sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
                    }
                    //if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_WRITE) == SelectionKey.OP_WRITE && !writed) {
                    if (key.isWritable() && !writed) {
                        //从准备IO中读取内容
                        System.out.print("Input(bye to end): ");
                        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                        String s = br.readLine();
                        if (s != null && !s.trim().equals("")) {
                            buffer.clear();
                            buffer.put(s.getBytes());
                            buffer.flip();
                            sc.write(buffer);
                            writed = true;
                            if (s.equals("bye")) {
                                down = true;
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    //if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_READ) == SelectionKey.OP_READ && writed) {
                    if (key.isReadable() && writed) {
                        buffer.clear();
                        sc.read(buffer);
                        buffer.flip();
                        byte[] b = new byte[buffer.limit()];
                        buffer.get(b);
                        print(new String(b));
                        writed = false;
                    }
                }
                selectionKeys.clear();
            }
        } catch(IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void print(String s) {
        System.out.println(s);
    }
}

package edu.dlut.zxf.nio;

import java.util.Set;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;

/**
 * Echo客户端2
 * @author finux
 */
public class EchoClient2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(EchoServer.BUFFER_SIZE);
		Selector selector = null;
		SocketChannel sc = null;
		try {
			selector = Selector.open();
			sc = SocketChannel.open();
			sc.configureBlocking(false);
			sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
			sc.connect(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByName(EchoServer.HOST), EchoServer.PORT));
			print("客户端启动，准备连接...");
			
			boolean writed = false;
			boolean down = false;
			while (!down && selector.select() > 0) {				
				Set<SelectionKey> selectionKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
				for (SelectionKey key: selectionKeys) {					
					//int ops = key.readyOps();
					//if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT) == SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT) {
					if (key.isConnectable()) {
						print("完成连接！");
						if (sc.isConnectionPending()) {
							sc.finishConnect();
						}
						sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ | SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);				
					}
					//if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_WRITE) == SelectionKey.OP_WRITE && !writed) {
					if (key.isWritable() && !writed) {
						//从准备IO中读取内容
						System.out.print("Input(bye to end): ");
						BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); 
						String s = br.readLine();
						if (s != null && !s.trim().equals("")) {
							buffer.clear();
							buffer.put(s.getBytes());
							buffer.flip();
							sc.write(buffer);
							writed = true;
							if (s.equals("bye")) {
								down = true;
								break;
							}
						}
					}
					//if ((ops & SelectionKey.OP_READ) == SelectionKey.OP_READ && writed) {
					if (key.isReadable() && writed) {
						buffer.clear();
						sc.read(buffer);
						buffer.flip();
						byte[] b = new byte[buffer.limit()];
						buffer.get(b);
						print(new String(b));
						writed = false;
					}
				}
				selectionKeys.clear();
			}
		} catch(IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	private static void print(String s) {
		System.out.println(s);
	}
}

但是这样的话，显然EchoClient2中的while循环中的for循环（若有n次），在每次循环中都会多出n-1次if判断，就是下面这个：

if (key.isConnectable()) {

if (key.isConnectable()) {

所以，我个人更喜欢第一个EchoClient，呵呵，不用注册SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT监听事件。呵呵...