Spring Security3的使用方法有4种：
一种是全部利用配置文件，将用户、权限、资源(url)硬编码在xml文件中。
二种是用户和权限用数据库存储，而资源(url)和权限的对应采用硬编码配置。
三种是细分角色和权限，并将用户、角色、权限和资源均采用数据库存储，并且自定义过滤器，代替原有的FilterSecurityInterceptor过滤器，并分别实现AccessDecisionManager、
InvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService和UserDetailsService，并在配置文件中进行相应配置。
四是修改spring security的源代码，主要是修改InvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService和UserDetailsService两个类。前者是将配置文件或数据库中存储的资源(url)提取出来加工成为url和权限列表的Map供Security使用，后者提取用户名和权限组成一个完整的 (UserDetails)User对象，该对象可以提供用户的详细信息供AuthentationManager进行认证与授权使用。该方法理论上可行，但是比较暴力，不推荐使用。
本文有两个例子，我在简单例子章节实现了第一种方法。在复杂例子章节实现了第二种和第三种方法组合使用的例子。简单例子通俗易懂，不再赘述。复杂例子及其使用和扩展，我将穿插详细的配置注释和讲解，包括整个程序的执行过程。
简单例子
创建web工程如下图所示：
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配置如下图所示：
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:394pt; height:398pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file://localhost/Users/litong/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image003.png" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->
单击Finish即可。
把从spring网站下载的spring-security-3.1.0.RELEASE解压，并将其中的spring-security-samples-contacts-3.1.0.RELEASE.war解压，把WEB-INF\lib中的jar包拷贝到如下图所示：
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_5" o:spid="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:415pt; height:3in;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file://localhost/Users/litong/Library/Caches/TemporaryItems/msoclip/0/clip_image005.png" o:title=""/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->
修改配置web.xml如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- 加载Spring XML配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:securityConfig.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Spring Secutiry3.1的过滤器链配置 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring 容器启动监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--系统欢迎页面-->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
在src中创建securityConfig.xml内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<b:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:b="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">
<!-- 登录页面不过滤 -->
<http pattern="/login.jsp" security="none"/>
<http access-denied-page="/accessDenied.jsp" >
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp" />
<!-- 访问/admin.jsp资源的用户必须具有ROLE_ADMIN的权限 -->
<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<!-- 访问/**资源的用户必须具有ROLE_USER的权限 -->
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER"/>
<session-management>
<concurrency-control max-sessions="1" error-if-maximum-exceeded="false"/>
</session-management>
</http>
<authentication-manager>
<authentication-provider>
<user-service>
<user name="cyu" password="sap123" authorities="ROLE_USER"/>
</user-service>
</authentication-provider>
</authentication-manager>
</b:beans>
在WebRoot中创建login.jsp内容如下：
<%@page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="j_spring_security_check" method="POST">
<table>
<tr>
<td>用户:</td>
<td><input type='text' name='j_username'></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码:</td>
<td><input type='password' name='j_password'></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><input name="reset" type="reset"></td>
<td><input name="submit" type="submit"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
在WebRoot中创建accessDenied.jsp，内容如下：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>访问拒绝</title>
</head>
<body>
您的访问被拒绝，无权访问该资源！<br>
</body>
</html>
在WebRoot中创建admin.jsp内容如下：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'admin.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎来到管理员页面. <br>
</body>
</html>
修改index.jsp内容如下：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="sec" uri="http://www.springframework.org/security/tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>
<body>
这是首页，欢迎<sec:authentication property="name"/>!<br>
<a href="admin.jsp">进入admin页面</a>
<a href="other.jsp">进入其它页面</a>
</body>
</html>
进入测试页面：
输入用户：cyu密码：sap123，然后回车：
点击“进入admin页面”超链，得到如下图所示：
复杂例子
修改securityConfig.xml内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">
<!-- 登录页面不过滤 -->
<http pattern="/login.jsp" security="none"/>
<http access-denied-page="/accessDenied.jsp" >
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp" />
<!-- 访问/admin.jsp资源的用户必须具有ROLE_ADMIN的权限 -->
<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<!-- 访问/**资源的用户必须具有ROLE_USER的权限 -->
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER"/>
<session-management>
<concurrency-control max-sessions="1" error-if-maximum-exceeded="false"/>
</session-management>
<!-- 增加一个filter，这点与Acegi是不一样的，不能修改默认的filter了，
这个filter位于FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR之前 -->
<custom-filter ref="myFilter" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR" />
</http>
<!-- 一个自定义的filter，必须包含authenticationManager,accessDecisionManager,securityMetadataSource三个属性，
我们的所有控制将在这三个类中实现，解释详见具体配置 -->
<beans:bean id="myFilter" class="com.aostarit.spring.security.MyFilterSecurityInterceptor">
<beans:property name="authenticationManager"
ref="authenticationManager" />
<beans:property name="accessDecisionManager"
ref="myAccessDecisionManagerBean" />
<beans:property name="securityMetadataSource"
ref="securityMetadataSource" />
</beans:bean>
<!-- 验证配置，认证管理器，实现用户认证的入口，主要实现UserDetailsService接口即可 -->
<authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager">
<authentication-provider
user-service-ref="myUserDetailService">
<!-- 如果用户的密码采用加密的话
<password-encoder hash="md5" />
-->
</authentication-provider>
</authentication-manager>
<!-- 在这个类中，你就可以从数据库中读入用户的密码，角色信息，是否锁定，账号是否过期等 -->
<beans:bean id="myUserDetailService"
class="com.aostarit.spring.security.MyUserDetailService" />
<!-- 访问决策器，决定某个用户具有的角色，是否有足够的权限去访问某个资源 -->
<beans:bean id="myAccessDecisionManagerBean"
class="com.aostarit.spring.security.MyAccessDecisionManager">
</beans:bean>
<!-- 资源源数据定义，将所有的资源和权限对应关系建立起来，即定义某一资源可以被哪些角色访问 -->
<beans:bean id="securityMetadataSource"
class="com.aostarit.spring.security.MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource" />
</beans:beans>
编写UrlMatcher接口，内容如下：
package com.aostarit.spring.security.tool;
publicabstractinterface UrlMatcher
{
publicabstract Object compile(String paramString);
publicabstractboolean pathMatchesUrl(Object paramObject, String paramString);
publicabstract String getUniversalMatchPattern();
publicabstractboolean requiresLowerCaseUrl();
}
这个接口是以前spring版本中的，现在的spring版本中不存在，由于项目需要且使用方便，故加入到项目当中。
编写AntUrlPathMatcher类，内容如下：
package com.aostarit.spring.security.tool;
import org.springframework.util.AntPathMatcher;
import org.springframework.util.PathMatcher;
publicclass AntUrlPathMatcher
implements UrlMatcher
{
privatebooleanrequiresLowerCaseUrl;
private PathMatcher pathMatcher;
public AntUrlPathMatcher()
{
this(true);
}
public AntUrlPathMatcher(boolean requiresLowerCaseUrl)
{
this.requiresLowerCaseUrl = true;
this.pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();
this.requiresLowerCaseUrl = requiresLowerCaseUrl;
}
public Object compile(String path) {
if (this.requiresLowerCaseUrl) {
return path.toLowerCase();
}
return path;
}
publicvoid setRequiresLowerCaseUrl(boolean requiresLowerCaseUrl) {
this.requiresLowerCaseUrl = requiresLowerCaseUrl;
}
publicboolean pathMatchesUrl(Object path, String url) {
if (("/**".equals(path)) || ("**".equals(path))) {
returntrue;
}
returnthis.pathMatcher.match((String)path, url);
}
public String getUniversalMatchPattern() {
return"/**";
}
publicboolean requiresLowerCaseUrl() {
returnthis.requiresLowerCaseUrl;
}
public String toString() {
returnsuper.getClass().getName() + "[requiresLowerCase='" + this.requiresLowerCaseUrl + "']";
}
}
这个类是以前spring版本中的工具类，现在的spring版本中不存在，由于项目需要且使用方便，故加入到项目当中。
编写MyFilterSecurityInterceptor类，内容如下：
package com.aostarit.spring.security;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.InterceptorStatusToken;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
publicclass MyFilterSecurityInterceptor extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor
implements Filter {
private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;
/**
* Method that is actually called by the filter chain. Simply delegates to
* the {@link #invoke(FilterInvocation)} method.
*
* @param request
* the servlet request
* @param response
* the servlet response
* @param chain
* the filter chain
*
* @throws IOException
* if the filter chain fails
* @throws ServletException
* if the filter chain fails
*/
publicvoid doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);
invoke(fi);
}
public FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource getSecurityMetadataSource() {
returnthis.securityMetadataSource;
}
public Class<? extends Object> getSecureObjectClass() {
return FilterInvocation.class;
}
publicvoid invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException,
ServletException {
InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);
try {
fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
} finally {
super.afterInvocation(token, null);
}
}
public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {
returnthis.securityMetadataSource;
}
publicvoid setSecurityMetadataSource(
FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource newSource) {
this.securityMetadataSource = newSource;
}
publicvoid destroy() {
}
publicvoid init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
}
}
核心的是InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);会调用我们定义的accessDecisionManager:decide(Object object)和securityMetadataSource:getAttributes(Object object)方法。
编写MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource类，内容如下：
package com.aostarit.spring.security;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import com.aostarit.spring.security.tool.AntUrlPathMatcher;
import com.aostarit.spring.security.tool.UrlMatcher;
/**
*
* 此类在初始化时，应该取到所有资源及其对应角色的定义
*
*/
publicclass MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource
implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {
private UrlMatcher urlMatcher = new AntUrlPathMatcher();
privatestatic Map<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> resourceMap = null;
public MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource() {
loadResourceDefine();
}
privatevoid loadResourceDefine() {
resourceMap = new HashMap<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>();
Collection<ConfigAttribute> atts = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>();
ConfigAttribute ca = new SecurityConfig("ROLE_USER");
atts.add(ca);
resourceMap.put("/index.jsp", atts);
Collection<ConfigAttribute> attsno = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>();
ConfigAttribute cano = new SecurityConfig("ROLE_NO");
attsno.add(cano);
resourceMap.put("/other.jsp", attsno);
}
// According to a URL, Find out permission configuration of this URL.
public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object)
throws IllegalArgumentException {
// guess object is a URL.
String url = ((FilterInvocation)object).getRequestUrl();
Iterator<String> ite = resourceMap.keySet().iterator();
while (ite.hasNext()) {
String resURL = ite.next();
if (urlMatcher.pathMatchesUrl(resURL, url)) {
returnresourceMap.get(resURL);
}
}
returnnull;
}
publicboolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
returntrue;
}
public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {
returnnull;
}
}
对于资源的访问权限的定义，我们通过实现FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource这个接口来初始化数据。看看loadResourceDefine方法，我在这里，假定index.jsp这个资源，需要ROLE_USER角色的用户才能访问, other.jsp这个资源，需要ROLE_NO角色的用户才能访问。这个类中，还有一个最核心的地方，就是提供某个资源对应的权限定义，即getAttributes方法返回的结果。注意，我例子中使用的是 AntUrlPathMatcher这个path matcher来检查URL是否与资源定义匹配，事实上你还要用正则的方式来匹配，或者自己实现一个matcher。
这里的角色和资源都可以从数据库中获取，建议通过我们封装的平台级持久层管理类获取和管理。
编写MyAccessDecisionManager类，内容如下：
package com.aostarit.spring.security;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
publicclass MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {
//In this method, need to compare authentication with configAttributes.
// 1, A object is a URL, a filter was find permission configuration by this URL, and pass to here.
// 2, Check authentication has attribute in permission configuration (configAttributes)
// 3, If not match corresponding authentication, throw a AccessDeniedException.
publicvoid decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,
Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes)
throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {
if(configAttributes == null){
return ;
}
System.out.println(object.toString()); //object is a URL.
Iterator<ConfigAttribute> ite=configAttributes.iterator();
while(ite.hasNext()){
ConfigAttribute ca=ite.next();
String needRole=((SecurityConfig)ca).getAttribute();
for(GrantedAuthority ga:authentication.getAuthorities()){
if(needRole.equals(ga.getAuthority())){ //ga is user's role.
return;
}
}
}
thrownew AccessDeniedException("no right");
}
publicboolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
returntrue;
}
publicboolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
returntrue;
}
}
在这个类中，最重要的是decide方法，如果不存在对该资源的定义，直接放行；否则，如果找到正确的角色，即认为拥有权限，并放行，否则throw new AccessDeniedException("no right")。所有的异常建议平台统一进行封装并管理。
编写MyUserDetailService类，内容如下：
package com.aostarit.spring.security;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.GrantedAuthorityImpl;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
publicclass MyUserDetailService implements UserDetailsService {
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username)
throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException {
Collection<GrantedAuthority> auths=new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
GrantedAuthorityImpl auth2=new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_ADMIN");
// auths.add(auth2);
if(username.equals("cyu")){
auths=new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
GrantedAuthorityImpl auth1=new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_USER");
auths.add(auth1);
auths.add(auth2);
}
// User(String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired,
// boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked, Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
User user = new User(username,
"sap123", true, true, true, true, auths);
return user;
}
}
在这个类中，你就可以从数据库中读入用户的密码，角色信息，是否锁定，账号是否过期等。建议通过我们封装的平台级持久层管理类获取和管理。
<!--[if !supportLists]-->l <!--[endif]-->整个程序执行的过程如下：
1、容器启动(MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource：loadResourceDefine加载系统资源与权限列表)
2、用户发出请求
3、过滤器拦截(MyFilterSecurityInterceptor:doFilter)
4、取得请求资源所需权限(MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource:getAttributes)
5、匹配用户拥有权限和请求权限(MyAccessDecisionManager:decide)，如果用户没有相应的权限，执行第6步，否则执行第7步
6、登录
7、验证并授权(MyUserDetailService:loadUserByUsername)
8、重复4,5
发布，测试页面如下：
输入用户：cyu密码：sap123，然后回车：
点击“进入admin页面”超链，得到如下图所示：
点击“进入其它页面”超链，得到如下图所示：
转自：http://wenku.baidu.com/view/abf23846336c1eb91a375d83.html
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