Ubuntu 12.04LTS安装Oracle11gR2

         Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Install Oracle11gR2

 

Install Packages

Check your packages

You can search packages on website : http://packages.ubuntu.com/

Here we need this two packages:

                             libaio

I found here:http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/liba/libaio/libaio1_0.3.109-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb

                             libstdc++5

I found here:

http://kr.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gcc-3.3/libstdc++5_3.3.6-25ubuntu1_amd64.deb

you show download these packages for your Ubuntu and you can use dpkg –i yourpackage_path

 

                                  

 

System groups and users

Check your existing setup with:

grep oinstall /etc/group

grep dba /etc/group

grep nobody /etc/group

id oracle

id nobody

Most likely, you should run the following command for create the required system groups and users. Latest Ubuntu already come with user nobody so we don't need to retouch it:

addgroup --system oinstall

addgroup --system dba

useradd -r -g oinstall -G dba -m -s /bin/bash -d /var/lib/oracle oracle

passwd oracle

Configure kernel parameters

Check your existing setup with:

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep shm

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default

/sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max

Create /etc/sysctl.d/99-oracle.conf and add the following lines:

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 536870912

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

Run the following command to reload these kernel parameters:

service procps start

Shell limits for oracle user

Create /etc/security/limits.d/oracle.conf as below:

oracle  soft    nproc   2047

oracle  hard    nproc   16384

oracle  soft    nofile  1024

oracle  hard    nofile  65536

oracle  soft    stack   10240

Check (or add) if the following line exits within /etc/pam.d/login:

session    required   pam_limits.so

Check (or add) if the following line exits within /etc/pam.d/su:

session    required   pam_limits.so

Create required directories

Create required directory and change permission:

rm -rf /u01 /u02

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

mkdir -p /u02/oradata

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02

chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02

Configuring the oracle user's environment

Add following line to /var/lib/oracle/.profile (as i will create a AL32UTF8 database; change to US7ASCII if you will create ASCII database). This will also map Oracle's /bin to your $PATH so can run Oracle's binary directly when login as user oracle:

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

  ulimit -p 16384

  ulimit -n 65536

else

  ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

 

umask 022

#export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

#export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_SID=AL32UTF8

export NLS_LANG=.AL32UTF8

#export ORACLE_UNQNAME=AL32UTF8

unset TNS_ADMIN

if [ -d "$ORACLE_HOME/bin" ]; then

    PATH="$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH"

fi

Fake Oracle installer

As mentioned before , Ubuntu is not listed as Oracle officially support platform and so we need to "fake" it. Create symbolic links:

mkdir /usr/lib64

ln -s /etc /etc/rc.d

ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 /lib64/

ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk

ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename

ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /lib64/

ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/

Also mask ourself as RedHat:

echo 'Red Hat Linux release 5' > /etc/redhat-release

Last step before installation start

First of all, login with your new oracle user, with X enabled.

If you are using PuTTY + Xming, for sure that the X11 forward is enabled.

Copy the file linux_11gR1_database.zip to oracle's home directory, then unzip it:

cp linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip /var/lib/oracle

cp linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip /var/lib/oracle

cd /var/lib/oracle

unzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

unzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

chown -Rf oracle:oinstall /var/lib/oracle/

I will STRONGLY suggest for a complete reboot, and double-check ALL pre-installation BEFORE starting the next step.

Recommended installation procedures

First of all login with useraccount "oracle" and start the X11 with startx, then start the installer with:

cd /var/lib/oracle/database && ./runInstaller

Next we go though the installation (I don't have the "Oracle Support Password" so just skip in here):

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In "Selection Installation Option", choose "Create and configure a database":

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In "System Class", choose "Server Class" (we hope to give a full control during installation):

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In "Node Selection", choose "Single instance database installation":

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In "Select Install Type", choose "Advanced install":

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In "Select Product Languages", I choose to install all available languages:

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In "Select Database Edition", I choose "Enterprise Edition":

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_21" o:spid="_x0000_i1045" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database030.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image013.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database030"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Specify Installation Location", it should default as below:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Oracle Base: /u01/app/oracle

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Sofeware Location: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_20" o:spid="_x0000_i1044" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database031.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database031"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Create Inventory", it should default as below:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Inventory Directory: /u01/app/oraInventory

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->oraInventory Group Name: oinstall

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_19" o:spid="_x0000_i1043" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database032.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image017.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database032"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Select Configure Type", choose "General Purpose / Transaction Processing":

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_18" o:spid="_x0000_i1042" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database033.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image019.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database033"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

(IMPORTANT!) In "Specify Database Identifiers", configure as below:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Global database name: orcl

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Oracle Service Identifier (SID): orcl

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In "Specify Configuration Options", configure as below:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Memory -> Enable Automatic Memory Management: TRUE

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Character sets: Use Unicode (AL32UTF8)

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_16" o:spid="_x0000_i1040" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database035.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image023.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database035"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

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In "Specify Management Options", choose "Use Database Control for database management" but keep other else empty:

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_14" o:spid="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database037.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image027.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database037"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Specify Database Storage Options", choose "File System" where:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Specify database file location: /u02/oradata

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_13" o:spid="_x0000_i1037" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database038.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image029.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database038"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Specify Recovery Options", choose "Do not enable automated backups":

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_12" o:spid="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database039.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image031.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database039"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Specify Schema Passwords", I am a bit lazy so choose "Use the same password for all accounts" (don't do this in production server!):

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_11" o:spid="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database040.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image033.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database040"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Privileged Operating System Groups", confirm as below:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Database Administrator (OSDBA) Group: dba

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Database Operator (OSOPER) Group: oinstall

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_10" o:spid="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database041.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image035.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database041"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

In "Preform Prerequisite Checks", just simply ignore all warning message (since we are using Debian but not Oracle officially supported OS):

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_9" o:spid="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database042.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image037.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database042"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

So just confirm everything in "Summary":

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_8" o:spid="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database043.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image039.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database043"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

And now let's go for a coffee break ;-)

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_7" o:spid="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database044.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image041.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database044"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

Oh it should that almost done! Special note for Ubuntu 12.04: If you face error during installation so update as below:

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

sed -i 's/^\(\s*\$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)\)\s*$/\1 -lnnz11/g' $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk

sed -i 's/^\(\$LD \$LD_RUNTIME\) \(\$LD_OPT\)/\1 -Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g' $ORACLE_HOME/bin/genorasdksh

sed -i 's/^\(\s*\)\(\$(OCRLIBS_DEFAULT)\)/\1 -Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g' $ORACLE_HOME/srvm/lib/ins_srvm.mk

sed -i 's/^\(TNSLSNR_LINKLINE.*\$(TNSLSNR_OFILES)\) \(\$(LINKTTLIBS)\)/\1 -Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g' $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib/env_network.mk

sed -i 's/^\(ORACLE_LINKLINE.*\$(ORACLE_LINKER)\) \(\$(PL_FLAGS)\)/\1 -Wl,--no-as-needed \2/g' $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk

Then keep ongoing for installation ;-)

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_6" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database045.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image043.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database045"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

Now following the instructions and run the following commands with "root" user:

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_5" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database046.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image045.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database046"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

Ok you get it!

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_4" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database047.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image047.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database047"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

Confirm with installation progress

In previous screen the installer mentioned that we can access "Enterprise Manager Database Control URL - (AL32UTF8)" from https://yourhostname:1158/em, so now let's open the browser and test it with following account:

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->User Name: SYS

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Password: your_secret_password

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->Connect As: SYSDBA

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Once login it should show as below:

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database049.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image051.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database049"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="http://edin.no-ip.com/files/linux.x64_11gr2_database050.png" style='width:780pt;height:604.2pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\Mechrevo\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image053.png" o:title="linux.x64_11gr2_database050"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->

Autostart Oracle during system boot

There is almost for sure that you will hope to start your Oracle automatically during system boot. Even you may turn this feature off, but the init.d script is very useful, too.

First of all, specify which database instant will be started together with Oracle. Edit /etc/oratab as below:

AL32UTF8:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y

Next, create init.d script as /etc/init.d/oracle:

#!/bin/bash

#

# Run-level Startup script for the Oracle Instance and Listener

#

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides:          Oracle

# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog

# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog

# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5

# Default-Stop:      0 1 6

# Short-Description: Startup/Shutdown Oracle listener and instance

### END INIT INFO

ORA_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"

ORA_OWNR="oracle"

# if the executables do not exist -- display error

if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORA_HOME ]

then

        echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"

        exit 1

fi

# depending on parameter -- startup, shutdown, restart

# of the instance and listener or usage display

case "$1" in

        start)

                # Oracle listener and instance startup

                echo -n "Starting Oracle: "

                su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORA_HOME"

                su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

                #Optional : for Enterprise Manager software only

                su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

                touch /var/lock/oracle

                echo "OK"

                ;;

        stop)

                # Oracle listener and instance shutdown

                echo -n "Shutdown Oracle: "

                #Optional : for Enterprise Manager software only

                su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

                su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

                su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORA_HOME"

                rm -f /var/lock/oracle

                echo "OK"

                ;;

        reload|restart)

                $0 stop

                $0 start

                ;;

        *)

                echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart|reload"

                exit 1

esac

exit 0

Permission is very important, too:

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

Finally, install the script so Oracle will start during system bootup:

update-rc.d-insserv oracle defaults 99 01

NOTE: You may find the following error message during /etc/init.d/oracle/stop:

Shutdown Oracle: ulimit: 25: bad number

You can then update /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/emctl with #!/bin/bash to solve the problem:

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

sed -i 's/^#!\/bin\/sh -f\s*/#!\/bin\/bash -f/g' $ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl

References

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->http://lostinmac.com/2012/01/29/installtion-doracle-11gr2-sur-ubunutu-11-10/

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->https://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=2301639

<!--[if !supportLists]-->·        <!--[endif]-->https://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=697814