使用Rails Action Mailer发送SMTP邮件 基础教程

链接如果,你是在找
553 You are not authorized to send mail, authentication is required 这个问题的原因,请跳这里, Rails smtp 邮件出错时

Action Mailer
是Rails的一个组件用来发送接收邮件,下面将演示,如何使用它创建SMTP邮件。从命令创建Rails工程开始:

C:\ruby\> rails emails


Action Mailer 配置

smtp邮件发送,首先需要配置,在config的environment.rb最后
添加
ActionMailer::Base.delivery_method = :smtp


这个配置是指定使用smtp,下面具体的使用参数:
也要在environment.rb中配置
ActionMailer::Base.server_settings = {
   :address => "smtp.tutorialspoint.com",
   :port => 25,
   :domain => "tutorialspoint.com",
   :authentication => :login,
   :user_name => "username",
   :password => "password",
}


以上配需要根据实际情况写,端口验证方式和发送类型。同样,配置也可以是

ActionMailer::Base.default_content_type = "text/html"#其中type可以是"text/plain", "text/html", 和 "text/enriched"."text/plain"是默认


接着是生成mailer命令如下:
C:\ruby\> cd emails
C:\ruby\emails> ruby script/generate mailer Emailer

生成文件:

class Emailer < ActionMailer::Base
end


我们需要在添加方法:

class Emailer < ActionMailer::Base
   def contact(recipient, subject, message, sent_at = Time.now)
      @subject = subject
      @recipients = recipient
      @from = '[email protected]'
      @sent_on = sent_at
	  @body["title"] = 'This is title'
  	  @body["email"] = '[email protected]'
   	  @body["message"] = message
      @headers = {}
   end
end

其中, recipient, subject, message 和 sent_at是关于发送的参数,同时我们还有六个标准参数
引用

    *@subject主题.
    * @body 是Ruby的hash结构。你可以创建三个值对title, email, message
    * @recipients接受邮件的地址列表
    * @from发件人地址列表.
    * @sent_on发送时间.
    * @headers是另外的hash结构标识header信息如,配置MIME typeplain text 或 HTML


然后,创建发送模板

修改如下文件app/views/contact.rhtml
Hi!

You are having one email message from <%= @email %> with a tilte 

<%= @title %>
and following is the message:
<%= @message %>
Thanks



创建对应controller处理逻辑
C:\ruby\emails> ruby script/generate controller Emailer

在 emailer_controller.rb中调用上面创建的Model实现发送逻辑:

class EmailerController < ApplicationController
   def sendmail
      email = @params["email"]
	  recipient = email["recipient"]
	  subject = email["subject"]
	  message = email["message"]
      Emailer.deliver_contact(recipient, subject, message)
      return if request.xhr?
      render :text => 'Message sent successfully'
   end
end


发送邮件,需要添加deliver_到发送的对应方法前。
request.xhr?是用阿里处理Rails Java Script(RJS)当浏览器不支持JavaScript时可以发送text信息。


下面是发送内容的输入界面,首先在emailer_controller.rb添加相应方法
   def index
      render :file => 'app\views\emailer\index.rhtml'
   end


在app\views\emails\index.rhtml文件中设计输入界面

<h1>Send Email</h1>
<%= start_form_tag :action => 'sendmail' %>
<p><label for="email_subject">Subject</label>:
<%= text_field 'email', 'subject' %></p>
<p><label for="email_recipient">Recipient</label>:
<%= text_field 'email', 'recipient' %></p>
<p><label for="email_message">Message</label><br/>
<%= text_area 'email', 'message' %></p>
<%= submit_tag "Send" %>
<%= end_form_tag %>


然后,http://127.0.0.1:3000/Emailer/inde页面测试
如下:



点击发送,就应该看到成功提示

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