我要说的升级指的是我实际中遇到的,由于我之前的项目中Hibernate是3.3.2版本的,那时关于Annotation注解方式的对象关系映射得依赖这么几个包:
hibernate-annotations.jar,
ejb3-persistence.jar
hibernate-commons-annotations.jar
所以之前的项目如果更换为3.5.3版本后(当前最新发布的最终版本是3.6.0),那么这三个依赖包都会没有了,取而代之的是
\hibernate-distribution-3.6.0.Final\lib\jpa\hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.0.Final.jar
也就是说这个hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.0.Final.jar能够代替上面的三个包的作用
先回顾下一个简单的注解方式的例子
User.java
package com.javacrazyer.test;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
// 非必要,在表格名称与类别名称不同时使用
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Integer id;
@Column(name = "name")
// 非必要,在字段名称与属性名称不同时使用
private String name;
@Column(name = "age")
private Integer age; // 非必要,在字段名称与属性名称不同时使用
// 必须要有一个预设的建构方法
// 以使得Hibernate可以使用Constructor.newInstance()建立对象
public User() {
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
Category.java
package com.javacrazyer.test;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Version;
/**
* 产品类别
*
*/
@Entity
@Table(name="category")
public class Category implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3942148673242309324L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private Integer id;
@Version
private Integer version;
private String name;
private String description;
private String path; //分类路径
//Category 自身双向多对一
@ManyToOne(cascade={CascadeType.MERGE,CascadeType.PERSIST})
private Category parent;
//Category 自身双向一对多
@OneToMany(mappedBy="parent",fetch=FetchType.EAGER,cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
@JoinColumn(name="parent_id")
private List<Category> child = new ArrayList<Category>();
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
public Category getParent() {
return parent;
}
public void setParent(Category parent) {
this.parent = parent;
}
public List<Category> getChild() {
return child;
}
public void setChild(List<Category> child) {
this.child = child;
}
public Integer getVersion() {
return version;
}
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private void setVersion(Integer version) {
this.version = version;
}
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public void setPath(String path) {
this.path = path;
}
}
hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 显示实际操作数据库时的SQL -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- SQL方言,这边设定的是MySQL -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- JDBC驱动程序 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- JDBC URL -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///test</property>
<!-- 数据库使用者 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<!-- 数据库密码 -->
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<property name="default_batch_fetch_size">10</property>
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- 以下设置对象与数据库表格映像类别 -->
<mapping class="com.javacrazyer.test.User"/>
<mapping class="com.javacrazyer.test.Category"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Hibernate工具类
package com.javacrazyer.common;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
/**
* Hibernate工具类
*
*/
public class HibernateUtil {
private static final SessionFactory factory;
private HibernateUtil(){}
static{
//加载Hibernate全局配置文件,根据配置信息创建SessionFactory工厂实例
factory = new AnnotationConfiguration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}
public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory(){
return factory;
}
/**
* 本方法用来获取当前线程上绑定的Session实例
* 注意hibernate全局配置文件中,如果使用是JDBC事务,添加如下配置:<br/>
* <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
* @return
*/
public static Session getSession(){
return factory.getCurrentSession();
}
}
测试类
package com.javacrazyer.test;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.javacrazyer.common.HibernateUtil;
public class MyTest {
private static SessionFactory sf;
@BeforeClass
public static void init() {
sf = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
}
@Test
public void useradd() {
User user = new User();
user.setName("caterpillar");
user.setAge(new Integer(30));
// 开启Session,相当于开启JDBC的Connection
Session session = sf.getCurrentSession();
// Transaction表示一组会话操作
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
// 将对象映像至数据库表格中储存
session.save(user);
tx.commit();
System.out.println("新增资料OK!请先用MySQL观看结果!");
}
@Test
public void categoryadd(){
Category category=new Category();
category.setName("类别1");
Category category1=new Category();
category1.setName("类别1-01");
category1.setParent(category);
Category category2=new Category();
category2.setName("类别1-02");
category2.setParent(category);
List<Category> childs=new ArrayList<Category>();
childs.add(category1);
childs.add(category2);
category.setChild(childs);
Session session = sf.getCurrentSession();
// Transaction表示一组会话操作
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
session.persist(category);
tx.commit();
}
}
对于User的持久化操作相当顺利,这个升级过程是成功的。
但是对于Category的升级就没那么容易了,如果不细心发现的话,总是报
Associations marked as mappedBy must not define database mappings like @JoinTable or @JoinColumn