grub4dos 教程

http://www.themudcrab.com/acronis_grub4dos.php

Introduction

Section 1 - Installing Grub4DOS

Section 2 - Setup Booting of an Acronis Partition

Section 3 - Setup Booting of an Acronis ISO File

Additional Notes

Introduction

Grub4DOS is a boot manager that can be easily installed to a flashdrive or hard drive (internal or external). It allows booting multiple operating systems directly as well as booting into bootable partitions.

For the purpose of this guide, Grub4DOS will be used to setup a flashdrive to boot the Acronis Resuce Media. This can be done by booting to the partition on the flashdrive (as setup by the Acronis Media Builder program) or by directly booting the Acronis ISO file. When you use the ISO method, you can put as many Acronis ISO images as required on the same flashdrive. This allows you to easily be able to boot into True Image Home 9, 10, 11, 2009, Echo Workstation, etc. by just selecting the desired menu entry.

It is highly recommended that you read through the entire instructions before you begin this procedure.

Either of these methods work equally well on flashdrives. However, if using a USB hard drive or internal drive, the ISO method is strongly recommended. This is because you can't use the Acronis Media Builder program to properly create a bootable partition on a non-flashdrive device (it must be prepared manually).

If you are not setting up a flashdrive, use any references to flashdrives in the instructions as references to your destination drive. For example: You can setup Grub4DOS on a secondary internal drive and then boot into it by using your BIOS's boot menu and selecting to boot that drive. This allows easy access to your recovery media without needing to plug in another drive or insert a CD.

While it is always recommended to have backups of any important data before making any changes to your drives, installing Grub4DOS is not a destructive procedure. Existing partitions and data on the destination drive should not be erased or corrupted in any way.

Section 1 - Installing Grub4DOS

Before Grub4DOS can be installed, several files need to be downloaded and unzipped. One is the Grub4DOS program and the other is the Installer. Click on the links below to download the files. Save them to a known location (My Downloads, for example) so they're easy to find.

Download

Grub4DOS - ver. 4.4 2009-03-31 Official Release
Grub4DOS - ver. 4.4 2009-06-20
Installer (ver 1.1)

For those interested, more information on Grub4Dos can be found at the following locations:
Grub4Dos Main Page
Grub4Dos Downloads Page (check here for updated downloads)
Grub4Dos Tutorial
Grub4Dos Guide (hosted by boot-land.net)
Grub4Dos GUI Installer Downloads

Extract the downloaded zip files into separate folders. For example, you may unzip Grub4DOS to C:\Grub4DOS and the Installer to C:\Grub4DOS-Installer. You may also choose to unzip them into a folder named after the zip file's name.

Click here if you need help using Windows to extract the contents of a zip file.

If your flashdrive is not already plugged into the computer, plug it in now.

The next step is to run the Grub4DOS Installer on the flashdrive. Browse to the Installer's unzipped folder using Windows Explorer.

1.1

In Windows XP, just run the grubinst_gui.exe program.

In Vista, you'll need to run grubinst_gui.exe in Administrator mode. Right-click on the program file and select Run as administrator from the pop-up menu.

1.2

You may get a security pop-up window asking if you want to run the program. Select Run to start the program.

1.3

In Vista, if you have UAC turned on (the default setting), you'll get another warning. Select Allow to let the program start.

1.4

Once the program is started, select the Disk option, then click the Disk Refresh button and then select your flashdrive from the dropdown box.

1.5

You should be able to tell which disk is your flashdrive by the size shown for each drive. In this example, my 8GB flashdrive is easy to pick out.

1.6

IMPORTANT: Make sure you select your flashdrive from the dropdown list and not a different drive (if installing to a USB hard drive or an internal drive, make sure it's the correct one). If you accidentally select the wrong drive, you may not be able to boot your system without doing a boot repair.

Now click the Part List Refresh button, then the dropdown box and finally select the Whole disk (MBR) option.

1.7

Check the Don't search floppy option, leave all the other options unchecked and cleared and then click the Install button to install Grub4DOS to the MBR of the flashdrive.

1.8

Hopefully, you'll get the message that the installation was successful.

1.9

Press Enter to close the Command Prompt window. The Grub4DOS MBR and booting code is now installed on the flashdrive.

The next step is to copy the grldr file to the flashdrive's root folder. Using Windows Explorer, browse to the folder where you unzipped the Grub4DOS program and copy the file to the flashdrive.

1.10

Grub4DOS is now installed on the flashdrive. Depending on how you want to boot your flashdrive to the Acronis Media, select one of the Sections below to continue.

Section 2 - Setup Booting of an Acronis Partition

This method will not work properly with devices other than flashdrives unless special steps are done to create a bootable partition on the device. If you are trying to create a bootable USB hard drive or an internal drive for your Acronis Media, the ISO method (Section 3) is strongly recommended.

Using this method, Grub4DOS just boots to the boot sector of the partition on the flashdrive to start the Acronis Media. This is very similar to using a standard bootable flashdrive. You can only have one version/build of your Acronis Media on the flashdrive.

Please note that if the flashdrive's partition table or structure is non-standard, the Acronis Media may have a problem booting using this method just as it would using a non-Grub4DOS MBR.

There are only two steps needed to use your Grub4DOS flashdrive in this fashion.

First, run the Acronis Media Builder on the flashdrive as you normally would. This will install the proper boot sector code to the partition and copy all necessary files to the flashdrive.

Second, create the Grub4DOS menu.lst file with the entry to start the Acronis Media. The menu.lst file is a plain text file created using the Windows Notepad program. (Please note that the filename is MENU.LST. In the extension, it's a lower-case L, not a one.) This file must be located in the root folder of the flashdrive. Start the Notepad program and type (or copy and paste) in the following text:

timeout 10
default 0

title Acronis True Image Home 2009 (9,615)
chainloader (hd0,0)+1

title CommandLine
commandline

title Reboot
reboot

title Halt
halt

2.1

In this example, I've used Acronis True Image Home 2009 (9,615) as the menu entry's title for the Acronis Media. Feel free to use whatever name you want.

Save the file to the root folder of the flashdrive with the name: menu.lst

If Notepad appends a ".txt" to the filename, just rename the file to menu.lst using Windows Explorer.

If you have the Windows Explorer option set to hide filename extensions for known file types, you may need to disable it. Otherwise, explorer may display menu.lst when the actual filename is menu.lst.txt. Click here for instructions.

2.2

A sample menu.lst file can be downloaded below. If you use it, make sure to rename it to menu.lst once it's on the flashdrive.

Download

Sample menu.lst file

To update this flashdrive to a different version or build of the Acronis Media, just rerun the Media Builder program on the flashdrive. No other changes are needed unless you want to edit the title in the menu.lst file to reflect the change.

Section 3 - Setup Booting of an Acronis ISO File

The ability to boot ISO files directly is one of the newer features of Grub4DOS. It is still a work in progress and has problems with some types of ISO files. However, in my use and testing, it hasn't had any problems with the Acronis ISO files.

The flexibility allowed by being able to boot the ISO file directly makes keeping multiple versions and/or different builds on the same flashdrive an easy task. Adding them is as simple as putting the ISO file on the flashdrive and adding the menu entry to boot it.

As with the partition method, there are only two steps needed to use your Grub4DOS flashdrive in this fashion.

First, run the Acronis Media Builder. However, instead of specifying the flashdrive as the destination device, select to create an ISO file. You can save the ISO file directly to the flashdrive if you wish.

Second, create the Grub4DOS menu.lst file with the entry to start the Acronis Media. The menu.lst file is a plain text file created using the Windows Notepad program. (Please note that the filename is MENU.LST. In the extension, it's a lower-case L, not a one.) This file must be located in the root folder of the flashdrive. Start the Notepad program and type (or copy and paste) in the following text:

timeout 10
default 0

title Acronis True Image Home 2009 (9,615)
map (hd0,0)/ti-12-9615.iso (hd32)
map --hook
chainloader (hd32)
boot

title CommandLine
commandline

title Reboot
reboot

title Halt
halt

3.1

In this example, I've used Acronis True Image Home 2009 (9,615) as the menu entry's title for the Acronis Media. Feel free to use whatever name you want. Also note that I used ti-12-9615.iso for the ISO filename. You can use whatever name is appropriate, however I would recommend you don't put spaces into the ISO's filename.

Save the file to the root folder of the flashdrive with the name: menu.lst

If Notepad appends a ".txt" to the filename, just rename the file to menu.lst using Windows Explorer.

If you have the Windows Explorer option set to hide filename extensions for known file types, you may need to disable it. Otherwise, explorer may display menu.lst when the actual filename is menu.lst.txt. Click here for instructions.

3.2

A sample menu.lst file can be downloaded below. If you use it, make sure to rename it to menu.lst once it's on the flashdrive. You will also need to edit it as necessary for your ISO's filename.

Download

Sample menu.lst file

To update this flashdrive to a different version or build of the Acronis Media, just rerun the Media Builder program and save the new ISO file to the flashdrive. If you are replacing an existing ISO file, no other changes are needed. If you are adding an ISO file, edit the menu.lst file and add the new menu entry. For example: If you want to add your True Image Home 10 build 4,942 ISO (ti-10-4942.iso) to the flashdrive, you would put the ISO file on the flashdrive and add the following menu entry:

title Acronis True Image Home 10 (4,942)
map (hd0,0)/ti-10-4942.iso (hd32)
map --hook
chainloader (hd32)
boot

Troubleshooting

If you try to boot your ISO entry and you get an error message that the ISO file is not contiguous, add the --mem option to the ISO line in the menu.lst file. Here is an example of the line with the option added:

title Acronis True Image Home 2009 (9,615)
map --mem (hd0,0)/ti-12-9615.iso (hd32)
map --hook
chainloader (hd32)
boot

To avoid any ISO contiguous errors, you can use the --mem option with all of your smaller ISO image files. This option just requires that the computer has enough memory available for Grub4DOS to load the ISO into memory and run it from there instead of from the drive.

Additional Notes