Android UI学习 - Menu

Android 菜单(SubMenu)

SubMenu（子菜单），是在选项菜单的基础上增加子菜单。

一个Menu对象可以拥有0或多个SubMenu，通过调用Menu.addSubMenu方法将SubMenu添加到当前Menu中。在SubMenu 添加MenuItem的方式和在Menu中添加MenuItem方式一样，因为SubMenu是Menu的子类，但是SubMenu里不能再添加 SubMenu。

Android提供了基于Group id管理多个MenuItem的方法。

removeGroup(int group)：移除所有属于group的MenuItem。

setGroupEnable(int group,boolean enable)：批量开启或关闭整个组的MenuItem。

setGroupVisible(int group,visible)：批量显示或隐藏整个组的MenuItem。

setGroupCheckable(int group,boolean checkable,boolean exclusive)：设置菜单是否可选中。最后一个exclusive是指是单选还是多选，当exclusive是true时，系统将菜单前面添加单选 框，是false时则变成是checkbox多选框。

示例：（在选项菜单[帮助]上配置了三个子菜单[LiveHelp,Email,Phone]）

效果图

Activity代码

 //定义选项菜单
 finalprivatestaticintOPTION_MENU_HELP=3;//菜单[帮助]的编号
 finalprivatestaticintOPTION_MENUS_GROUP0=0;//菜单组0#
 finalprivatestaticintOPTION_MENUS_GROUP1=1;//菜单组1#
 finalprivatestaticintOPTION_MENUS_GROUP2=2;//菜单组2#
 privateMenuEntity[]optionMenus={
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,1,1,"删除",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_delete),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,2,2,"保存",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_edit),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,3,3,"帮助",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_help),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,4,4,"添加",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_add),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,5,5,"详细",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_info_details),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,6,6,"发送",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_send),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,7,7,"电话",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_call),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,8,8,"照相",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_camera),
 };
 //定义选项菜单[帮助]的子菜单
 privateMenuEntity[]helpSubMenus={
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP2,9,1,"LiveHelp",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_delete),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP2,10,2,"Email",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_edit),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP2,11,2,"Phone",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_edit),
 };

 @Override
 publicvoidonCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){
 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 setContentView(R.layout.main_list_view);
 }

 /**
 *读取选中点击的菜单
 *@paramindex
 *@return
 */
 publicStringreadOptionsMenu(intindex){
 for(inti=0;i<optionMenus.length;i++){
 if(optionMenus[i].getItemId()==index)returnoptionMenus[i].getTitle().toString();
 }
 for(inti=0;i<helpSubMenus.length;i++){
 if(helpSubMenus[i].getItemId()==index)returnhelpSubMenus[i].getTitle().toString();
 }
 return"";
 }



 @Override
 publicbooleanonCreateOptionsMenu(Menumenu){//创建选项菜单
 for(MenuEntitymenuEntity:optionMenus){
 if(OPTION_MENU_HELP==menuEntity.getItemId()){
 //菜单[帮助]增加子菜单
 SubMenusubMenu=menu.addSubMenu(menuEntity.getGroupId(),menuEntity.getItemId(),menuEntity.getOrder(),menuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(menuEntity.getIconRes());
 for(MenuEntitysubMenuEntity:helpSubMenus){
 subMenu.add(subMenuEntity.getGroupId(),subMenuEntity.getItemId(),subMenuEntity.getOrder(),subMenuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(subMenuEntity.getIconRes());
 }
 }else{
 menu.add(menuEntity.getGroupId(),menuEntity.getItemId(),menuEntity.getOrder(),menuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(menuEntity.getIconRes());
 }
 }
 returnsuper.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
 }

 @Override
 publicbooleanonOptionsItemSelected(MenuItemitem){
 intitemId=item.getItemId();
 Toast.makeText(context,"menu["+itemId+":"+item.getTitle()+"]被点击了",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 returnsuper.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
 }



 @Override
 publicvoidonOptionsMenuClosed(Menumenu){
 Toast.makeText(context,"OptionsMenu被关闭了",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
 super.onOptionsMenuClosed(menu);
 }

备注

 privateMenuEntity[]optionMenus={
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,1,1,"删除",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_delete),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,2,2,"保存",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_edit),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,3,3,"帮助",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_help),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP0,4,4,"添加",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_add),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,5,5,"详细",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_info_details),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,6,6,"发送",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_send),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,7,7,"电话",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_call),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,8,8,"照相",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_camera),
 };
 //定义选项菜单[帮助]的子菜单
 privateMenuEntity[]helpSubMenus={
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP2,9,1,"LiveHelp",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_delete),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP2,10,2,"Email",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_edit),
 newMenuEntity(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP2,11,2,"Phone",android.R.drawable.ic_menu_edit),
 };

其中的

 MenuEntity

参考关于菜单基础属性的实体类

附录一 ： 调用方法removeGroup(int group)

 @Override
 publicbooleanonCreateOptionsMenu(Menumenu){//创建选项菜单
 for(MenuEntitymenuEntity:optionMenus){
 if(OPTION_MENU_HELP==menuEntity.getItemId()){
 //菜单[帮助]增加子菜单
 SubMenusubMenu=menu.addSubMenu(menuEntity.getGroupId(),menuEntity.getItemId(),menuEntity.getOrder(),menuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(menuEntity.getIconRes());
 for(MenuEntitysubMenuEntity:helpSubMenus){
 subMenu.add(subMenuEntity.getGroupId(),subMenuEntity.getItemId(),subMenuEntity.getOrder(),subMenuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(subMenuEntity.getIconRes());
 }
 }else{
 menu.add(menuEntity.getGroupId(),menuEntity.getItemId(),menuEntity.getOrder(),menuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(menuEntity.getIconRes());
 }
 }
 menu.removeGroup(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1);//移除全部group为1的菜单
 returnsuper.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
 }

如图所示：原group为1的菜单不显示了！

附录二 ： 调用方法setGroupEnabled(int group, boolean enabled)

关闭或者开启组为group的全部菜单。（关闭：enabled=false，菜单项变灰，不能点；开启：enabled=false，菜单项正常，可以点）

 @Override
 publicbooleanonCreateOptionsMenu(Menumenu){//创建选项菜单
 for(MenuEntitymenuEntity:optionMenus){
 if(OPTION_MENU_HELP==menuEntity.getItemId()){
 //菜单[帮助]增加子菜单
 SubMenusubMenu=menu.addSubMenu(menuEntity.getGroupId(),menuEntity.getItemId(),menuEntity.getOrder(),menuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(menuEntity.getIconRes());
 for(MenuEntitysubMenuEntity:helpSubMenus){
 subMenu.add(subMenuEntity.getGroupId(),subMenuEntity.getItemId(),subMenuEntity.getOrder(),subMenuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(subMenuEntity.getIconRes());
 }
 }else{
 menu.add(menuEntity.getGroupId(),menuEntity.getItemId(),menuEntity.getOrder(),menuEntity.getTitle()).setIcon(menuEntity.getIconRes());
 }
 }
 menu.setGroupEnabled(OPTION_MENUS_GROUP1,false);//关闭group为1的菜单
 returnsuper.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
 }

group为1的菜单项变灰了

2011-06-15 0:51

package com.test.menu;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.*;

public class testmenuActivity extends Activity {
 public static final int ITEM0 = Menu.FIRST;
 public static final int ITEM1 = Menu.FIRST+1;
 Button button1;
 Button button2;
 MenuItem item;
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
        button1.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
        button2.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
    }
    
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu){
     super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
     menu.add(0, ITEM0, 0, "显示button1");
     menu.add(0, ITEM1, 1, "显示button2");
     menu.findItem(ITEM1);
     item = (MenuItem) menu.findItem(ITEM0);
     return true;
    }
    
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item){
     switch (item.getItemId()){
     case ITEM0:
      actionClickMenuItem1();
      bool = false;
     break;
     case ITEM1:
      actionClickMenuItem2();
      bool = true;
     break;
     }
     
     return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
    /*
     *点击第一个menu的第一个按钮执行的动作； 
     */
    private void actionClickMenuItem1(){
     setTitle("button1 可见");
     button1.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
     button2.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
     item.setIcon(R.drawable.menu_start);
    }
    /*
     *点击第一个menu的第一个按钮执行的动作； 
     */
    private void actionClickMenuItem2(){
     setTitle("button2 可见");
     button2.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
     button1.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
     item.setIcon(R.drawable.menu_end);
    }
}