博文《struts2之使用Filter作为控制器的MVC》中使用Filter实现了用户注册案例,在此使用struts2改写,以此作为学习struts2的helloworld。
数据流图
搭建 Struts2 的环境
1. 下载struts2:http://struts.apache.org/
2. 解压struts-2.3.15.3-all.zip
3. 新建Web工程org.rabbitx.web.struts2.register
4. 加入jar包:把struts-2.3.15.3-all.zip解压文件中apps目录下struts2-blank.war再次解压,把其中struts-2.3.15.3\apps\struts2-blank\WEB-INF\lib下包加入当前 web 应用的 lib 目录下
5. 在 web.xml 文件中配置 struts2: 复制 struts-2.3.15.3\apps\struts2-blank1\WEB-INF\web.xml 文件中的过滤器的配置到当前 web 应用的 web.xml 文件中
6. 在当前 web 应用的 classpath 下添加 struts2 的配置文件 struts.xml: 复制 struts-2.3.15.3\apps\struts2-blank\WEB-INF\classes 下的 struts.xml 文件到当前 web 应用的 src 目录下.
7. 添加 DTD 约束(配置struts.xml是可以联想)
7.1 复制struts.xml中dtd地址:http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd;
7.2 在eclipse中:window->preferenses->XML->XML Catalog->Add
7.3 点击File System添加本地DTD文件,路径为:struts-2.3.15.3\src\core\src\main\resources\struts-2.3.dtd
添加JSP页面(除view.jsp有变化外,其他与filter实现相同)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>首页</title> </head> <body> <h2><a href="register-user.action">注册用户</a></h2><hr/> <p>使用struts2来作为前端控制器,代替servlet.</p> </body> </html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>注册</title> </head> <body> <h2>注册</h2><hr/> <form action="submit-user.action" method="POST"> 用户名: <input type="text" name="username"><br/> 密码: <input type="password" name="password1"><br/> 重复密码:<input type="password" name="password2"><br/> <input type="reset" value="重置"> <input type="submit" value="提交"> </form> <hr/> <a href="index.jsp" style="float:right;">返回首页</a> </body> </html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>查看</title> </head> <body> <h2>注册成功</h2> <hr/> <p>用户名:${username}</p> <p>密码:${password1}</p> <hr/> <a href="index.jsp" style="float:right;">返回首页</a> </body> </html>
在web.xml中添加Struts核心控制器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <display-name>Struts2-Register</display-name> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
添加Action
package org.rabbitx.web.struts2.register.action; public class UserAction { private String username; private String password1; private String password2; public String register() { if(username.isEmpty() || password1.isEmpty() || !password1.equals(password2)) { return "fail"; } else { return "success"; } } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword1() { return password1; } public void setPassword1(String password1) { this.password1 = password1; } public String getPassword2() { return password2; } public void setPassword2(String password2) { this.password2 = password2; } }
配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <package name="register" extends="struts-default"> <action name="register-user"> <result>/register.jsp</result> </action> <action name="submit-user" class="org.rabbitx.web.struts2.register.action.UserAction" method="register"> <result name="success">/view.jsp</result> <result name="fail">/register.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>