CAS单点登录系列(5)-简单实施SSO之二

　　 在本系列文章的第3篇中，讲解了使用CAS实施单点登录的简单过程。

　　 首先，CAS客户端的配置使用最简单的配置方式，全部配置都放在web.xml文件中。虽然这种配置方式很明了，但存在几个缺点。这种配置方式不仅使web.xml文件显得臃肿，而且相关属性的配置不够灵活，不易于管理。
　　 其次，采用了keytool生成证书。尽管直接借助于keytool能够获得自签名的X.509证书，但keytool工具不支持签署其他证书。因此，在需要签署其他证书的时候，必须使用其他证书管理工具。
　　 鉴于以上问题，本节将采用Spring过滤链的配置方式配置CAS Client，将臃肿的配置信息从web.xml中抽取出来，简化web.xml文件。使用OpenSSL管理证书，以弥补keyool的种种不足。

 

1.准备环境
操作系统：32位Window XP
CAS服务器：Cas Server 3.3.3
CAS客户端：Cas Client 3.1.10
Web服务器：Tomcat 6.0.18
数据库：MySQL 5.0
JDK：jdk1.5.0_10

2.基础环境准备
　　 JDK安装后，复制两份 jdk1.5.0_10，分别命名为jdk_cas 和jdk_client 。
　　 同样，复制两份 Tomcat 6.0.18，分别命名为apache-tomcat-cas 和apache-tomcat-client 。
　　 配置Tomcat对应的JDK。打开apache-tomcat-cas/bin/catalina.bat 文件，在rem Guess CATALINA_HOME if not defined这行之前添加：set JAVA_HOME=您的安装路径/jdk_cas ，然后保存。同样方式配置apache-tomcat-client ，这样启动apache-tomcat-cas将使用jdk_cas，启动apache-tomcat-client将使用jdk_client。

 

3.生成证书
　　 OpenSSL工具的安装配置请参考本系列文章的第1篇，接下来将生成根证书和服务器证书。
　　 创建三个目录C:/openssl、C:/openssl/root、C:/openssl/server。然后在命令行下进入C:/openssl目录。
　　 (注：整个过程中涉及到密码的地方均使用password )
3.1.创建根证书
//创建私钥
openssl genrsa -out root/root-key.pem 1024

//创建证书请求
openssl req -new -out root/root-req.csr -key root/root-key.pem
//证书信息，按顺序输入，最后一个选项An optional company name直接回车
CN
GuangDong
GuangZhou
JavaEECas
Programmer
root
[email protected]
password

//自签署根证书
openssl x509 -req -in root/root-req.csr -out root/root-cert.pem -signkey root/root-key.pem -days 3650

//将根证书导出成浏览器支持的.p12（PKCS12）格式
openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in root/root-cert.pem -inkey root/root-key.pem -out root/root.p12

3.2.创建服务器证书
//创建私钥
openssl genrsa -out server/server-key.pem 1024

//创建证书请求
openssl req -new -out server/server-req.csr -key server/server-key.pem
//证书信息
CN
GuangDong
GuangZhou
JavaEECas
Programmer
localhost
[email protected]
password

//签署服务器证书
openssl x509 -req -in server/server-req.csr -out server/server-cert.pem -signkey server/server-key.pem -CA root/root-cert.pem -CAkey root/root-key.pem -CAcreateserial -days 3650

//将客户证书导出成浏览器支持的.p12（PKCS12）格式
openssl pkcs12 -export -clcerts -in server/server-cert.pem -inkey server/server-key.pem -out server/server.p12

 

4.启用HTTPS
4.1.在apache-tomcat-cas中启用HTTPS
　　 打开apache-tomcat-cas/conf/server.xml，在<Connector port=”8080” …/>下面添加以下代码：

<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"
    maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="2" maxSpareThreads="10"
    scheme="https" secure="true"
    clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"
    keystoreFile="C:/openssl/server/server.p12" keystoreType="PKCS12" keystorePass="password"
    truststoreFile="C:/openssl/root/root.p12" truststoreType="PKCS12" truststorePass="password" />

<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true"
   maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="2" maxSpareThreads="10"
   scheme="https" secure="true"
   clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"
   keystoreFile="C:/openssl/server/server.p12" keystoreType="PKCS12" keystorePass="password"
   truststoreFile="C:/openssl/root/root.p12" truststoreType="PKCS12" truststorePass="password" />

 　　 其中，keystoreFile和truststoreFile根据实际情况进行修改。

4.2.导入证书
　　 为了使客户端信任CAS Server，我们必须在客户端导入根证书。操作步骤：
1、打开Internet选项->证书->受信任的根证书颁发机构->导入->下一步，选择root.p12文件

 

2、输入密码

3、 选择证书存储位置

接着“下一步”直到导入成功。

 

4、查看已导入的证书

 

4.3.测试HTTPS
　　 启动Tomcat，访问https://localhost:8443/，如果能够看到以下界面，地址栏右边出现锁图标，则说明HTTPS启用成功。

 

5.使用RDBMS认证
　　 我们将采用“小蚂蚁-CAS单点登录系列(4)-使用RDBMS认证 ”一节所使用的cas3作为CAS认证服务器，将其拷贝到apache-tomcat-cas/webapps目录下。同时，别忘了把mysql驱动拷贝到cas3/WEB-INF/lib或apache-tomcat-cas/lib目录下。
　　 重新启动Tomcat，如果测试使用数据库认证信息登录成功，说明CAS认证服务器配置完成。

6.配置客户端
　　 创建Web应用client3，添加三个包cas-client-core-3.1.10.jar、commons-logging-1.0.4.jar、spring-2.5.6.jar。
6.1.修改apache-tomcat-client端口
　　 总共有三个端口需要修改，分别是默认的Server元素的port="8005"、Connector元素port="8080"、Connector元素port="8009"，笔者分别修改为9005、9090、9009。
6.2.Web.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
     id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

     <display-name>client3.1.10</display-name>

     <context-param>
         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
         <param-value>
            /WEB-INF/classes/spring-appContext.xml
         </param-value>
     </context-param>

     <!-- Character Encoding filter -->
     <filter>
         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>encoding</param-name>
             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
         </init-param>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
             <param-value>true</param-value>
         </init-param>
     </filter>

     <filter>
         <filter-name>CAS Single Sign Out Filter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter</filter-class>
     </filter>

     <filter>
         <filter-name>CAS Authentication Filter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>targetBeanName</param-name>
             <param-value>authenticationFilter</param-value>
         </init-param>
     </filter>

     <filter>
         <filter-name>CAS Validation Filter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>targetBeanName</param-name>
             <param-value>ticketValidationFilter</param-value>
         </init-param>
     </filter>

     <filter>
         <filter-name>CAS HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
         <init-param>
             <param-name>targetBeanName</param-name>
             <param-value>casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</param-value>
         </init-param>
     </filter>

     <!-- 使得开发者可以在任意场合使用final Assertion assertion = AssertionHolder.getAssertion() -->
     <filter>
         <filter-name>CAS AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
         <filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.util.AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-class>
     </filter>

     <!-- Character Encoding -->
     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>

     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>CAS Single Sign Out Filter</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>

     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>CAS Authentication Filter</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>

     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>CAS Validation Filter</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>

     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>CAS HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>

     <filter-mapping>
         <filter-name>CAS AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
         <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
     </filter-mapping>

     <listener>
         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
     </listener>

     <listener>
         <listener-class>org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutHttpSessionListener</listener-class>
     </listener>

 </web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
	
	<display-name>client3.1.10</display-name>
  
	<context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>
            /WEB-INF/classes/spring-appContext.xml
        </param-value>
    </context-param>
    
    <!-- Character Encoding filter -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
    
	<filter>
		<filter-name>CAS Single Sign Out Filter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CAS Authentication Filter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>targetBeanName</param-name>
            <param-value>authenticationFilter</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CAS Validation Filter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>targetBeanName</param-name>
            <param-value>ticketValidationFilter</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CAS HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>targetBeanName</param-name>
            <param-value>casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    
    <!-- 使得开发者可以在任意场合使用final Assertion assertion = AssertionHolder.getAssertion() -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CAS AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.jasig.cas.client.util.AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    
    <!-- Character Encoding -->
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
    
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>CAS Single Sign Out Filter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CAS Authentication Filter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CAS Validation Filter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CAS HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CAS AssertionThreadLocalFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/secure/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.jasig.cas.client.session.SingleSignOutHttpSessionListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

</web-app>

 

6.3.添加资源文件
　　 在类路径下新建文件cas-client.properties，内容如下：
　　 cas.server.url=https://localhost:8443/cas3
　　 cas.client.serverName=localhost:9090

　　 第一行指定CAS服务器地址 ，第二行指定客户端服务名称，格式为：主机名:端口号
6.4.添加Spring配置文件
　　 在类路径下新建文件spring-appContext.xml，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">

     <!-- 定义环境变量 -->
     <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
         <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
         <property name="location" value="classpath:cas-client.properties"/>
     </bean>

     <!-- 认证过滤器配置 -->
     <bean
         name="authenticationFilter"
         class="org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter"
         p:casServerLoginUrl="${cas.server.url}/login"
         p:renew="false"
         p:gateway="false"
         p:serverName="${cas.client.serverName}" />

         <!-- 验证过滤器配置 -->
     <bean
         name="ticketValidationFilter"
         class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter"
         p:serverName="${cas.client.serverName}">
         <property name="ticketValidator">
             <bean class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas20ServiceTicketValidator">
                 <constructor-arg index="0" value="${cas.server.url}" />
             </bean>
         </property>
     </bean>

    <!--
     <bean
         name="ticketValidationFilter"
         class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas10TicketValidationFilter"
         p:serverName="${cas.client.serverName}">
         <property name="ticketValidator">
             <bean class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas10TicketValidator">
                 <constructor-arg index="0" value="${cas.server.url}" />
             </bean>
         </property>
     </bean>
      -->

     <bean id="casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter"
             class="org.jasig.cas.client.util.HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter"/>
 </beans>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">

	<!-- 定义环境变量 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
		<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
		<property name="location" value="classpath:cas-client.properties"/>
	</bean>

    <!-- 认证过滤器配置 -->
    <bean
		name="authenticationFilter"
		class="org.jasig.cas.client.authentication.AuthenticationFilter"
		p:casServerLoginUrl="${cas.server.url}/login"
		p:renew="false"
		p:gateway="false"
		p:serverName="${cas.client.serverName}" />
	
        <!-- 验证过滤器配置 -->
	<bean
		name="ticketValidationFilter"
		class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas20ProxyReceivingTicketValidationFilter"
		p:serverName="${cas.client.serverName}">
		<property name="ticketValidator">
			<bean class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas20ServiceTicketValidator">
				<constructor-arg index="0" value="${cas.server.url}" />
			</bean>
		</property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 
	<bean
		name="ticketValidationFilter"
		class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas10TicketValidationFilter"
		p:serverName="${cas.client.serverName}">
		<property name="ticketValidator">
			<bean class="org.jasig.cas.client.validation.Cas10TicketValidator">
				<constructor-arg index="0" value="${cas.server.url}" />
			</bean>
		</property>
	</bean>
	 -->

    <bean id="casHttpServletRequestWrapperFilter"
            class="org.jasig.cas.client.util.HttpServletRequestWrapperFilter"/>
</beans>

 

6.5.导入根证书
　　 由于CAS Server启用了HTTPS，要使Web客户端信任其身份，必须为jdk_client 导入根证书。
keytool -import -v -trustcacerts -storepass changeit -alias root -file root/root-cert.pem -keystore E:/DevelopTools/JDK/jdk_client/jre/lib/security/cacerts

 

7.综合测试
7.1.启动apache-tomcat-cas
7.2.启动apache-tomcat-client
7.3.访问client3
　　 访问http://localhost:9090/client3/secure/securedpage.jsp页面，将被引导到CAS登录页面。输入凭证信息，认证通过后将出现以下页面：

 

　　 访问http://localhost:9090/client3/secure/debug.jsp页面，可以看到通过三种不同的方式获取用户名。

 

　　 在http://localhost:9090/client3/secure/securedpage.jsp页面中，单击“退出”链接将单点退出系统。

 

8.可能遇到的问题
8.1报错 ：
'unable to find valid certification path to requested target'
原因 ：
Web应用服务器端没有导入根证书
解决方法 ：
在jdk_client导入根证书。

 

 

至此，本节内容结束，有遗漏或疏忽的地方请大家指出，谢谢！

• client3.zip (2.6 MB)