spring 3.0 应用springmvc 构造RESTful URL 详细讲解

spring 3.0 应用springmvc 构造RESTful URL 详细讲解

Spring 应用服务器 REST Servlet CSS 

在线springmvc_rest demo

 

 

由于下一版本的rapid-framwork需要集成spring RESTful URL,所以研究了一下怎么搭建. 并碰到了一下问题。

 

springmvc 3.0 中增加 RESTful URL功能，构造出类似javaeye现在的URL。 rest介绍 , 这里还有struts2 rest构造的一篇文章: 使用 Struts 2 开发 RESTful 服务

简单例子如下,比如如下URL

/blog/1  HTTP GET =>    得到id = 1的blog
/blog/1  HTTP DELETE => 删除 id = 1的blog
/blog/1  HTTP PUT  =>   更新id = 1的blog
/blog     HTTP POST =>   新增BLOG

 

 

以下详细解一下spring rest使用.

 

首先，我们带着如下三个问题查看本文。
1. 如何在java构造没有扩展名的RESTful url,如 /forms/1,而不是 /forms/1.do

2. 由于我们要构造没有扩展名的url本来是处理静态资源的容器映射的，现在被我们的spring占用了，冲突怎么解决?
3. 浏览器的form标签不支持提交delete,put请求，如何曲线解决?

 

springmvc rest 实现

springmvc的resturl是通过@RequestMapping 及@PathVariable annotation提供的,通过如@RequestMapping(value="/blog /{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)即可处理/blog/1 的delete请求.

@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
    blogManager.removeById(id);
    return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
}

 

@RequestMapping @PathVariable如果URL中带参数，则配合使用，如

@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable("blogId") Long blogId,@PathVariable("msgId") Long msgId,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
}

 

 spring rest配置指南

1. springmvc web.xml配置

<!-- 该 servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录，如原来访问 http://localhost /foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/static/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

<!-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
            <param-name>confReloadCheckInterval</param-name>
            <param-value>60</param-value>
        </init-param>
    <init-param>
                <param-name>logLevel</param-name>
                <param-value>DEBUG</param-value>
        </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<!-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 -->
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>

 

 

2. webapp/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml配置,使用如下两个class激活@RequestMapping annotation

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>

 

完整配置

<beans default-autowire="byName"   >

    <!-- 自动搜索@Controller标注的类 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.**.controller"/>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>

    <!-- Default ViewResolver -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/pages"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource" p:basename="i18n/messages"/>

    <!-- Mapping exception to the handler view -->
    <bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
        <!-- to /commons/error.jsp -->
        <property name="defaultErrorView" value="/commons/error"/>
        <property name="exceptionMappings">
            <props>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

 

 

3. Controller编写

/**
 * @RequestMapping("/userinfo") 具有层次关系，方法级的将在类一级@RequestMapping之一,
 * 如下面示例, 访问方法级别的@RequestMapping("/new"),则URL为 /userinfo/new
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/userinfo")
public class UserInfoController extends BaseSpringController{
    //默认多列排序,example: username desc,createTime asc
    protected static final String DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS = null;

    private UserInfoManager userInfoManager;

    private final String LIST_ACTION = "redirect:/userinfo";

    /**
     * 通过spring自动注入
     **/
    public void setUserInfoManager(UserInfoManager manager) {
        this.userInfoManager = manager;
    }

    /** 列表 */
    @RequestMapping
    public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) {
        PageRequest<Map> pageRequest = newPageRequest(request,DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS);
        //pageRequest.getFilters(); //add custom filters

        Page page = this.userInfoManager.findByPageRequest(pageRequest);
        savePage(page,pageRequest,request);
        return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/list","userInfo",userInfo);
    }

    /** 进入新增 */
    @RequestMapping(value="/new")
    public ModelAndView _new(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
        return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/new","userInfo",userInfo);
    }

    /** 显示 */
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}")
    public ModelAndView show(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
        return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/show","userInfo",userInfo);
    }

    /** 编辑 */
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}/edit")
    public ModelAndView edit(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
        return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/edit","userInfo",userInfo);
    }

    /** 保存新增 */
    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView create(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
        userInfoManager.save(userInfo);
        return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
    }

    /** 保存更新 */
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public ModelAndView update(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
        bind(request,userInfo);
        userInfoManager.update(userInfo);
        return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
    }

    /** 删除 */
    @RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
        userInfoManager.removeById(id);
        return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
    }

    /** 批量删除 */
    @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public ModelAndView batchDelete(@RequestParam("items") Long[] items,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {

        for(int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {

            userInfoManager.removeById(items[i]);
        }
        return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
    }

}

 

 

上面是rapid-framework 新版本生成器生成的代码,以后也将应用此规则,rest url中增删改查等基本方法与Controller的方法映射规则

/userinfo           => index()
/userinfo/new       => _new()
/userinfo/{id}      => show()
/userinfo/{id}/edit         => edit()
/userinfo   POST        => create()
/userinfo/{id}  PUT => update()
/userinfo/{id}  DELETE  => delete()
/userinfo   DELETE      => batchDelete()

 注(不使用 /userinfo/add  => add() 方法是由于add这个方法会被maxthon浏览器当做广告链接过滤掉,因为包含ad字符)

 

4. jsp 编写

<form:form action="${ctx}/userinfo/${userInfo.userId}" method="put">
</form:form>

 生成的html内容如下, 生成一个hidden的_method=put,并于web.xml中的HiddenHttpMethodFilter配合使用，在服务端将post请求改为put请求

<form id="userInfo" action="/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method="post">
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put"/>
</form>

 

另外一种方法是你可以使用ajax发送put,delete请求.

 

5. 静态资源的URL重写

   如上我们描述，现因为将default servlet映射至/static/的子目录，现我们访问静态资源将会带一个/static/前缀.

   如 /foo.gif, 现在访问该文件将是 /static/foo.gif.
   那如何避免这个前缀呢，那就是应用URL rewrite,现我们使用 http://tuckey.org/urlrewrite/, 重写规则如下

 

<urlrewrite>
    <!-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 /foo.gif => /static/foo.gif -->
    <rule>
        <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jsp</condition>
        <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jspx</condition>
        <from>^(/.*\..*)$</from>
        <to>/static$1</to>
    </rule>
</urlrewrite>

   另笔者专门写了一个 RestUrlRewriteFilter来做同样的事件，以后会随着rapid-framework一起发布. 比这个更加轻量级.

 

并且该代码已经贡献给spring,不知会不会在下一版本发布

 

 

在线DEMO地址: http://demo.rapid-framework.org.cn:8080/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo