golang在32位系统下atomic.AddUint64导致程序崩溃及解决办法

package main

import (
	"sync/atomic"
	"unsafe"
)

type a struct {
	x unsafe.Pointer
	y uint64
}

func main() {
	p := new(a)
	atomic.AddUint64(&p.y, 1)
}

在32位计算机上运行改程序，会出现错误：

panic: runtime error: invalid memory address or nil pointer dereference [signal 0xc0000005 code=0x0 addr=0x0 pc=0x4198bc] goroutine 1 [running]: runtime.panic(0x41c740, 0x445e4f) C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/2/bindist550409343/go/src/pkg/runtime/panic.c:266 +0xa6 sync/atomic.AddUint64(0x114434ac, 0x1, 0x0, 0x4107e3, 0x397fcc) C:/Users/ADMINI~1/AppData/Local/Temp/2/bindist550409343/go/src/pkg/sync/atomic/asm_386.s:118 +0xc main.main() E:/Work/GoLang/src/demo/goBug/atomic/main.go:17 +0x4d

查了资料具体原因如下：

https://code.google.com/p/go/issues/detail?id=5278 On x86-32, the 64-bit functions use instructions unavailable before the    Pentium MMX. On both ARM and x86-32, it is the caller's responsibility to    arrange for 64-bit alignment of 64-bit words accessed atomically. The    first word in a global variable or in an allocated struct or slice can be    relied upon to be 64-bit aligned.

其大意是：

64位原子操作的调用者必须确保指针的地址是对齐到8字节的边界

的办法有两种：

1，修改uint64字段在struct 的位置确保字段地址出现在8字节的边界；

2，修改使用sync.RWMutex来实现互斥，如下

mutex.Lock()
uint64 += 1
mutex.Unlock()

建议使用办法2来彻底解决问题