SpringMVC+Shiro权限管理
博文目录
权限的简单描述
实例表结构及内容及POJO
Shiro-pom.xml
Shiro-web.xml
Shiro-MyShiro-权限认证,登录认证层
Shiro-applicationContext-shiro.xml
HomeController
三个JSP文件
什么是权限呢？举个简单的例子：
我有一个论坛，注册的用户分为normal用户，manager用户。
对论坛的帖子的操作有这些：
添加，删除，更新，查看，回复
我们规定：
normal用户只能：添加，查看，回复
manager用户可以：删除，更新
normal，manager对应的是角色（role）
添加，删除，更新等对应的是权限（permission）
我们采用下面的逻辑创建权限表结构（不是绝对的，根据需要修改）
一个用户可以有多种角色（normal,manager,admin等等）
一个角色可以有多个用户（user1,user2,user3等等）
一个角色可以有多个权限（save,update,delete,query等等）
一个权限只属于一个角色（delete只属于manager角色）
我们创建四张表：
t_user用户表:设置了3个用户
-------------------------------
id + username + password
---+----------------+----------
1 + tom + 000000
2 + jack + 000000
3 + rose + 000000
---------------------------------
t_role角色表：设置3个角色
--------------
id + rolename
---+----------
1 + admin
2 + manager
3 + normal
--------------
t_user_role用户角色表：tom是admin和normal角色，jack是manager和normal角色，rose是normal角色
---------------------
user_id + role_id
-----------+-----------
1 + 1
1 + 3
2 + 2
2 + 3
3 + 3
---------------------
t_permission权限表：admin角色可以删除，manager角色可以添加和更新，normal角色可以查看
-----------------------------------
id + permissionname + role_id
----+------------------------+-----------
1 + add + 2
2 + del + 1
3 + update + 2
4 + query + 3
-----------------------------------
package com.cn.pojo;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Transient;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
@Entity
@Table(name="t_user")
public class User {
private Integer id;
@NotEmpty(message="用户名不能为空")
private String username;
@NotEmpty(message="密码不能为空")
private String password;
private List<Role> roleList;//一个用户具有多个角色
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(name="t_user_role",joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="user_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="role_id")})
public List<Role> getRoleList() {
return roleList;
}
public void setRoleList(List<Role> roleList) {
this.roleList = roleList;
}
@Transient
public Set<String> getRolesName(){
List<Role> roles=getRoleList();
Set<String> set=new HashSet<String>();
for (Role role : roles) {
set.add(role.getRolename());
}
return set;
}
}
package com.cn.pojo;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Transient;
@Entity
@Table(name="t_role")
public class Role {
private Integer id;
private String rolename;
private List<Permission> permissionList;//一个角色对应多个权限
private List<User> userList;//一个角色对应多个用户
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getRolename() {
return rolename;
}
public void setRolename(String rolename) {
this.rolename = rolename;
}
@OneToMany(mappedBy="role")
public List<Permission> getPermissionList() {
return permissionList;
}
public void setPermissionList(List<Permission> permissionList) {
this.permissionList = permissionList;
}
@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(name="t_user_role",joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="role_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="user_id")})
public List<User> getUserList() {
return userList;
}
public void setUserList(List<User> userList) {
this.userList = userList;
}
@Transient
public List<String> getPermissionsName(){
List<String> list=new ArrayList<String>();
List<Permission> perlist=getPermissionList();
for (Permission per : perlist) {
list.add(per.getPermissionname());
}
return list;
}
}
package com.cn.pojo;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="t_permission")
public class Permission {
private Integer id;
private String permissionname;
private Role role;//一个权限对应一个角色
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getPermissionname() {
return permissionname;
}
public void setPermissionname(String permissionname) {
this.permissionname = permissionname;
}
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name="role_id")
public Role getRole() {
return role;
}
public void setRole(Role role) {
this.role = role;
}
}
使用SHIRO的步骤：
1，导入jar
2，配置web.xml
3，建立dbRelm
4，在Spring中配置
pom.xml中配置如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.hyx</groupId> <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springmvc Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- SpringMVC核心jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- springmvc连接数据库需要的jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- ************************************ --> <!-- Hibernate相关jar --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.2.5.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <version>4.2.5.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache</artifactId> <version>2.7.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.26</version> </dependency> <!-- javax提供的annotation --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.inject</groupId> <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId> <version>1</version> </dependency> <!-- **************************** --> <!-- hibernate验证 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>5.0.1.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- 用于对@ResponseBody注解的支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.13</version> </dependency> <!-- 提供对c标签的支持 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet api --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <!--Apache Shiro所需的jar包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>springmvc</finalName> <!-- maven的jetty服务器插件 --> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <scanIntervalSeconds>10</scanIntervalSeconds> <webApp> <contextPath>/</contextPath> </webApp> <!-- 修改jetty的默认端口 --> <connectors> <connector implementation="org.eclipse.jetty.server.nio.SelectChannelConnector"> <port>80</port> <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime> </connector> </connectors> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
web.xml中的配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!-- spring-orm-hibernate4的OpenSessionInViewFilter --> <filter> <filter-name>opensessioninview</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>opensessioninview</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置springmvc servlet --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <!-- / 表示所有的请求都要经过此serlvet --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- spring的监听器 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- Shiro配置 --> <filter> <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
package com.cn.service;
import java.util.List;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.cn.pojo.Role;
import com.cn.pojo.User;
@Service
@Transactional
public class MyShiro extends AuthorizingRealm{
@Inject
private UserService userService;
/**
* 权限认证
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
//获取登录时输入的用户名
String loginName=(String) principalCollection.fromRealm(getName()).iterator().next();
//到数据库查是否有此对象
User user=userService.findByName(loginName);
if(user!=null){
//权限信息对象info,用来存放查出的用户的所有的角色（role）及权限（permission）
SimpleAuthorizationInfo info=new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
//用户的角色集合
info.setRoles(user.getRolesName());
//用户的角色对应的所有权限，如果只使用角色定义访问权限，下面的四行可以不要
List<Role> roleList=user.getRoleList();
for (Role role : roleList) {
info.addStringPermissions(role.getPermissionsName());
}
return info;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 登录认证;
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(
AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
//UsernamePasswordToken对象用来存放提交的登录信息
UsernamePasswordToken token=(UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
//查出是否有此用户
User user=userService.findByName(token.getUsername());
if(user!=null){
//若存在，将此用户存放到登录认证info中
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), getName());
}
return null;
}
}
在spring的配置文件中配置，为了区别spring原配置和shiro我们将shiro的配置独立出来。
applicationContext-shiro.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置权限管理器 --> <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager"> <!-- ref对应我们写的realm MyShiro --> <property name="realm" ref="myShiro"/> <!-- 使用下面配置的缓存管理器 --> <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager"/> </bean> <!-- 配置shiro的过滤器工厂类，id- shiroFilter要和我们在web.xml中配置的过滤器一致 --> <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean"> <!-- 调用我们配置的权限管理器 --> <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/> <!-- 配置我们的登录请求地址 --> <property name="loginUrl" value="/login"/> <!-- 配置我们在登录页登录成功后的跳转地址，如果你访问的是非/login地址，则跳到您访问的地址 --> <property name="successUrl" value="/user"/> <!-- 如果您请求的资源不再您的权限范围，则跳转到/403请求地址 --> <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/403"/> <!-- 权限配置 --> <property name="filterChainDefinitions"> <value> <!-- anon表示此地址不需要任何权限即可访问 --> /static/**=anon <!-- perms[user:query]表示访问此连接需要权限为user:query的用户 --> /user=perms[user:query] <!-- roles[manager]表示访问此连接需要用户的角色为manager --> /user/add=roles[manager] /user/del/**=roles[admin] /user/edit/**=roles[manager] <!--所有的请求(除去配置的静态资源请求或请求地址为anon的请求)都要通过登录验证,如果未登录则跳到/login--> /** = authc </value> </property> </bean> <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.MemoryConstrainedCacheManager" /> <bean id="lifecycleBeanPostProcessor" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor" /> </beans>
用于登录，登出，权限跳转的控制：
package com.cn.controller;
import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;
import com.cn.pojo.User;
@Controller
public class HomeController {
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String loginForm(Model model){
model.addAttribute("user", new User());
return "/login";
}
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(@Valid User user,BindingResult bindingResult,RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes){
try {
if(bindingResult.hasErrors()){
return "/login";
}
//使用权限工具进行用户登录，登录成功后跳到shiro配置的successUrl中，与下面的return没什么关系！
SecurityUtils.getSubject().login(new UsernamePasswordToken(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword()));
return "redirect:/user";
} catch (AuthenticationException e) {
redirectAttributes.addFlashAttribute("message","用户名或密码错误");
return "redirect:/login";
}
}
@RequestMapping(value="/logout",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String logout(RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes ){
//使用权限管理工具进行用户的退出，跳出登录，给出提示信息
SecurityUtils.getSubject().logout();
redirectAttributes.addFlashAttribute("message", "您已安全退出");
return "redirect:/login";
}
@RequestMapping("/403")
public String unauthorizedRole(){
return "/403";
}
}
三个主要的JSP：
login.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录页面----${message }</h1>
<img alt="" src="/static/img/1.jpg">
<form:form action="/login" commandName="user" method="post">
用户名：<form:input path="username"/> <form:errors path="username" cssClass="error"/> <br/>
密 码：<form:password path="password"/> <form:errors path="password" cssClass="error" /> <br/>
<form:button name="button">submit</form:button>
</form:form>
</body>
</html>
user.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="shiro" uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>用户列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${message }</h1>
<h1>用户列表--<a href="/user/add">添加用户</a>---<a href="/logout">退出登录</a> </h1>
<h2>权限列表</h2>
<shiro:authenticated>用户已经登录显示此内容</shiro:authenticated>
<shiro:hasRole name="manager">manager角色登录显示此内容</shiro:hasRole>
<shiro:hasRole name="admin">admin角色登录显示此内容</shiro:hasRole>
<shiro:hasRole name="normal">normal角色登录显示此内容</shiro:hasRole>
<shiro:hasAnyRoles name="manager,admin">**manager or admin 角色用户登录显示此内容**</shiro:hasAnyRoles>
<shiro:principal/>-显示当前登录用户名
<shiro:hasPermission name="add">add权限用户显示此内容</shiro:hasPermission>
<shiro:hasPermission name="user:query">query权限用户显示此内容<shiro:principal/></shiro:hasPermission>
<shiro:lacksPermission name="user:del"> 不具有user:del权限的用户显示此内容 </shiro:lacksPermission>
<ul>
<c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user">
<li>用户名：${user.username }----密码：${user.password }----<a href="/user/edit/${user.id}">修改用户</a>----<a href="javascript:;" class="del" ref="${user.id }">删除用户</a></li>
</c:forEach>
</ul>
<img alt="" src="/static/img/1.jpg">
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://cdn.staticfile.org/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(function(){
$(".del").click(function(){
var id=$(this).attr("ref");
$.ajax({
type:"delete",
url:"/user/del/"+id,
success:function(e){
}
});
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
403.jsp:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>权限错误</title> </head> <body> <h1>对不起，您没有权限请求此连接！</h1> <img alt="" src="/static/img/1.jpg"> </body> </html>