Android自学之路-- 03：访问通讯录，并向通讯录中添加联系人
有时应用开发需要访问通讯录，对手机通讯录进行读写操作。这时就需要用到ContentProvider。
我们通过一个小的案例来学习如何实现此功能。
package cn.meng.test;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.content.ContentProviderOperation;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;
public class ContactsTest extends AndroidTestCase{
private static final String TAG = "ContactsTest";
//获取所有联系人
public void testContacts(){
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/contacts");
//获得ContentResolver
ContentResolver resolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{"_id"}, null, null, null);
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
int contactsId = cursor.getInt(0);
//访问某个联系人下的所有数据
uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/contacts/" + contactsId + "/data");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("contactsId="+contactsId);
Cursor datacursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{"mimetype","data1","data2"}, null, null, null);
while(datacursor.moveToNext()){
String data = datacursor.getString(datacursor.getColumnIndex("data1"));
String type = datacursor.getString(datacursor.getColumnIndex("mimetype"));
if("vnd.android.cursor.item/name".equals(type)){
//姓名
sb.append(",name="+data);
}else if("vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2".equals(type)){
//邮件
sb.append(",email="+data);
}else if("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2".equals(type)){
//电话
sb.append(",phone="+data);
}
}
Log.i(TAG, sb.toString());
}
}
//根据号码查找联系人的姓名
public void testContactNameByPhone(){
String phoneNum = "5633288";
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data/phones/filter/"+phoneNum);
//获得ContentResolver
ContentResolver resolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri, new String[]{"display_name"}, null, null, null);
while(cursor.moveToNext()){
String name = cursor.getString(0);
Log.i(TAG, name);
}
cursor.close();
}
//向通讯录中添加联系人,此步骤是分开的，如果有部分错误，错误的添加不进去，不影响其他，有弊端
public void testAddContact()throws Exception{
//向raw_contacts表中添加数据
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");
//获得ContentResolver
ContentResolver resolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
long contactsId = ContentUris.parseId(resolver.insert(uri, new ContentValues()));
//向data表中添加数据
uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("raw_contact_id", contactsId);
values.put("mimetype", "vnd.android.cursor.item/name");//姓名
values.put("data2", "大大");
resolver.insert(uri,values);
values.clear();
values.put("raw_contact_id", contactsId);
values.put("mimetype", "vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2");//电话
values.put("data1", "13831056895");
values.put("data2", "2");
resolver.insert(uri,values);
values.clear();
values.put("raw_contact_id", contactsId);
values.put("mimetype", "vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2");//邮箱
values.put("data1", "[email protected]");
values.put("data2", "1");
resolver.insert(uri,values);
}
//向通讯录中添加联系人，整体作为一个步骤，有部分出错，就添加不进去联系人信息
public void testAddContact2()throws Exception{
//向raw_contacts表中添加数据
Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/raw_contacts");
//获得ContentResolver
ContentResolver resolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> operations = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
ContentProviderOperation op1 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
.withValue("account_name", null).build();
operations.add(op1);
//向data表中添加数据
uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/data");
//0指的是operations集合下标为0的第一个元素，获得Id
ContentProviderOperation op2 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
.withValueBackReference("raw_contact_id", 0)
.withValue("mimetype", "vnd.android.cursor.item/name")
.withValue("data2", "小小")
.build();
operations.add(op2);
ContentProviderOperation op3 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
.withValueBackReference("raw_contact_id", 0)
.withValue("mimetype", "vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2")
.withValue("data1", "13523568963")
.withValue("data2", "2")
.build();
operations.add(op3);
ContentProviderOperation op4 = ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(uri)
.withValueBackReference("raw_contact_id", 0)
.withValue("mimetype", "vnd.android.cursor.item/email_v2")
.withValue("data1", "[email protected]")
.withValue("data2", "1")
.build();
operations.add(op4);
resolver.applyBatch("com.android.contacts", operations);
}
}
项目清单配置如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="cn.meng.contacts" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="14" /> <!-- 申请读写权限 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" /> <application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" > <activity android:label="@string/app_name" android:name=".MainActivity" > <intent-filter > <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <!-- 单元测试 --> <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner"/> </application> <!-- 单元测试 --> <instrumentation android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner" android:targetPackage="cn.meng.contacts"></instrumentation> </manifest>