DNS服务器的安装与配置
## 主机名 hadoop4 IP 192.168.0.106 作为DNS服务器
## 安装bind相应的软件包：
[root@hadoop4 ~]# yum -y install bind bind-utils bind-chroot
## 检查是否安装bind:
[root@hadoop4 ~]# rpm -qa | grep '^bind'
bind-chroot-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6_6.2.x86_64
bind-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6_6.2.x86_64
bind-libs-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6_6.2.x86_64
bind-utils-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6_6.2.x86_64
## 修改/etc/named.conf
[root@hadoop4 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
listen-on port 53 { any; }; //将原来的127.0.0.1改成any
allow-query { any; }; //将原来的localhost改成any
## 修改/etc/named.rfc1912.zones，将两个zone增加在/etc/named.rfc1912.zones 文件最后（也可以直接写在named.conf中）
[root@hadoop4 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "hadoop.com" IN {
type master;
file "named.hadoop.com";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.192.168.0.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
## 配置正向解析文件
[root@hadoop4 ~]# cd /var/named
[root@hadoop4 named]# cp -p named.localhost named.hadoop.com
[root@hadoop4 named]# vim named.hadoop.com
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA hadoop4.hadoop.com. grid.hadoop4.hadoop.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
@ IN NS hadoop4.hadoop.com.
hadoop4.hadoop.com. IN A 192.168.0.106
hadoop5.hadoop.com. IN A 192.168.0.107
hadoop6.hadoop.com. IN A 192.168.0.108
## 配置反向解析文件
[root@hadoop4 ~]# cd /var/named
[root@hadoop4 named]# cp -p named.localhost named.192.168.0.zone
[root@hadoop4 named]# vim named.192.168.0.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA hadoop4.hadoop.com. grid.hadoop4.hadoop.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
@ IN NS hadoop4.hadoop.com.
106 IN PTR hadoop4.hadoop.com.
107 IN PTR hadoop5.hadoop.com.
108 IN PTR hadoop6.hadoop.com.
## 添加DNS域名服务器ip，在每个节点的 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 文件中加入服务器ip地址
[root@hadoop4 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=08:00:27:26:b8:c1
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=dabd3173-5f69-454c-aa97-5cc2a09dfba0
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
#BOOTPROTO=dhcp
BOOTPROTO=static
BROADCAST=192.168.0.255
IPADDR=192.168.0.106
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=192.168.0.106
[root@hadoop4 ~]# service network restart
## 启动DNS
[root@hadoop4 ~]# service named start
启动 named： [确定]
## 设置开机启动
[root@hadoop4 ~]# chkconfig named on
## 查看日志确认DNS服务是否正常
[root@hadoop4 ~]# tail -n 30 /var/log/messages | grep named
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: sizing zone task pool based on 8 zones
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: using built-in DLV key for view _default
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: set up managed keys zone for view _default, file '/var/named/dynamic/managed-keys.bind'
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: Warning: 'empty-zones-enable/disable-empty-zone' not set: disabling RFC 1918 empty zones
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 127.IN-ADDR.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 254.169.IN-ADDR.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 2.0.192.IN-ADDR.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 100.51.198.IN-ADDR.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 113.0.203.IN-ADDR.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 255.255.255.255.IN-ADDR.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.IP6.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: D.F.IP6.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 8.E.F.IP6.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 9.E.F.IP6.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: A.E.F.IP6.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: B.E.F.IP6.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: automatic empty zone: 8.B.D.0.1.0.0.2.IP6.ARPA
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: command channel listening on ::1#953
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone 1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone 1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa/IN: loaded serial 0
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone hadoop.com/IN: loaded serial 0
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone localhost.localdomain/IN: loaded serial 0
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 0
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: managed-keys-zone ./IN: loaded serial 3
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: running
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone hadoop.com/IN: sending notifies (serial 0)
Apr 26 13:48:11 hadoop4 named[5443]: zone 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 0)
## 验证测试
[root@hadoop4 ~]# nslookup hadoop4.hadoop.com
Server: 192.168.0.106
Address: 192.168.0.106#53
Name: hadoop4.hadoop.com
Address: 192.168.0.106
[root@hadoop4 ~]# nslookup 192.168.0.107
Server: 192.168.0.106
Address: 192.168.0.106#53
107.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = hadoop5.hadoop.com.
由于我在自己的实验环境里节点都只设置了主机名(hostname)，而没有设置域名(domainname)，所以我更改了一些设置，来达到仅仅解析hostname的目的
[root@hadoop4 ~]# cat /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
zone "." IN {
type master;
file "named.hadoop.com";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.192.168.0.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
[root@hadoop4 ~]# cat /var/named/named.hadoop.com
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA hadoop4. grid.hadoop4. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
@ IN NS hadoop4.
hadoop4 IN A 192.168.0.106
hadoop5 IN A 192.168.0.107
hadoop6 IN A 192.168.0.108
[root@hadoop4 ~]# cat /var/named/named.192.168.0.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA hadoop4. grid.hadoop4. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
@ IN NS hadoop4.
106 IN PTR hadoop4.
107 IN PTR hadoop5.
108 IN PTR hadoop6.
[root@hadoop4 ~]# nslookup hadoop6
Server: 192.168.0.106
Address: 192.168.0.106#53
Name: hadoop6
Address: 192.168.0.108
[root@hadoop4 ~]# nslookup 192.168.0.107
Server: 192.168.0.106
Address: 192.168.0.106#53
107.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = hadoop5.