Nginx+keepalived+tomcat实现tomcat高可用性负载均衡

 

Nginx+keepalived+tomcat 实现tomcat高可用性负载均衡

试验环境：
CentOS5.4、pcre-8.12、nginx-upstream-jvm-route-0.1、nginx-1.0.10、apache-tomcat-7.0.23 、keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz、jdk-7u2-linux-x64.tar.gz
主nginx服务器地址：10.29.9.200
辅nginx服务器地址：10.29.9.201
tomcat1: 10.29.9.202
tomcat2: 10.29.9.203

VIP: 10.29.9.188

拓扑如下：

 

1.分别在 10.29.9.200和10.29.9.201上面安装nginx

tar zxf pcre-8.12.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.12
./configure
make;make install

 

下载下面的插件安装，否则 nginx无法识别tomcat中jvmRoute，从而无法达到session复制的效果。

wget http://friendly.sinaapp.com/LinuxSoft/nginx-upstream-jvm-route-0.1.tar.gz
tar xzf nginx-upstream-jvm-route-0.1.tar.gz
tar xzf nginx-1.0.10.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.10
patch -p0 <../nginx_upstream_jvm_route/jvm_route.patch
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-pcre=/root/pcre-8.12 --add-module=../nginx_upstream_jvm_route/
#--with-pcre=指向的是 pcre的源码包
make;make install

2.配置 nginx

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user www www;

worker_processes 4;

error_log /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.

worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events          

        {      

                use epoll;

                worker_connections 51200;

        }      

http

        {

   upstream backend {

        server 10.29.9.202:8080 srun_id=tomcat1;

        server 10.29.9.203:8080 srun_id=tomcat2;

        jvm_route $cookie_JSESSIONID|sessionid reverse;

        }

include        mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;

client_header_buffer_size 32k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;

client_max_body_size 50m;

sendfile on;

tcp_nopush      on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;

fastcgi_send_timeout 300;

fastcgi_read_timeout 300;

fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;

fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;

fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;

fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;

gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;

gzip_buffers      4 16k;

charset UTF-8

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_types        text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;

gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

 

server

{ 

   listen       80;

   server_name www.8090u.com;

   index index.jsp index.htm index.html;

   root /home/wwwroot/;

location / {

     proxy_pass http://backend;

     proxy_redirect    off;

     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

     proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

     }

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$

           {

        expires      30d;

     }

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$

   {

        expires      1h;

   }

location /Nginxstatus {

       stub_status on;

       access_log   off;

   }

 log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

access_log /home/wwwlogs/access.log access;

        }

include vhost/*.conf;

}

 

3. 分别在两台 nginx服务器上安装keepalived

tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz

cd keepalived-1.1.17

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

make && make install

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

mkdir /etc/keepalived

cd /etc/keepalived/

 

主 keepalived配置

vim keepalived.conf

vrrp_script chk_http_port {

                script "/opt/nginx_pid.sh"

                interval 2

                weight 2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

        state MASTER

        interface eth0

        virtual_router_id 51

        mcast_src_ip 10.29.9.200

        priority 150

        authentication {

 

                     auth_type PASS

                     auth_pass 1111

        }

        track_script {

                chk_http_port

        }

        virtual_ipaddress {

             10.29.9.188

        }

｝

辅keepalived 配置

vrrp_script chk_http_port {

                script "/opt/nginx_pid.sh"

                interval 2

                weight 2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

        state BACKUP

        interface eth0

        virtual_router_id 51

        mcast_src_ip 10.29.9.201

        priority 100

        authentication {

                     auth_type PASS

                     auth_pass 1111

        }

        track_script {

                chk_http_port

        }

        virtual_ipaddress {

                 10.29.9.188

        }

}

启动 keepalived，检查虚拟IP是否邦定，在主keepalived

[root@xenvps0 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start

启动 keepalived：                                          [确定]

[root@xenvps0 ~]# ip a

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue

    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000

    link/ether 00:16:36:68:a4:fc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 10.29.9.200/24 brd 10.29.9.255 scope global eth0

inet 10.29.9.188/32 scope global eth0

在 eth0上面我们已经看到虚拟IP　10.29.9.188已经邦定成功

 

4.安装 tomcat
1）安装tomcat_1
tar zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.23.tar.gz
mv apache-tomcat-7.0.23 /usr/local/tomcat
2）安装tomcat_2，步骤同1）

5.分别在 tomcat服务器安装jdk

tar zxvf  jdk-7u2-linux-x64.tar.gz

mv jdk1.7.0_02 /usr/local/jdk1.7.0_02
cat >>/etc/profile <<EOF
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_02
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH:$HOMR/bin

EOF;

source /etc/profile //使环境变量立即生效

5.tomcat集群配置
tomcat1配置：
修改conf/server.xml配置文件

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat1">
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="224.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="10.29.9.202" //tomcat1 所在服务器的 IP地址
port="4000" //端口号
autoBind="100"
selectorTimeout="5000"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender" />
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>

在 <host>…</host>添加下面这句：

<Context path="" docBase="/opt/project " reloadable="false" crossContext="true" />

 

tomcat2配置：
修改conf/server.xml配置文件

<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcat2">
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="8">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="224.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="10.29.9.203" //tomcat2所在服务器 IP
port="4001" //端口号不能和tomcat1重复
autoBind="100"
selectorTimeout="5000"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender" />
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=""/>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>

<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>

在 <host>…</host>添加下面这句：

<Context path="" docBase="/opt/project " reloadable="false" crossContext="true" />

 

6.session配置

修改 web应用里面WEB-INF目录下的web.xml文件，加入标签
<distributable/>
直接加在</web-app>之前
开启网卡组播功能：
route add -net 224.0.0.0 netmask 240.0.0.0 dev eth0

7.创建 jsp测试页面
mkdir /opt/project

cd /opt/project
vi index.jsp
<html>
<title>
tomcat1 jsp
</title>
<%
String showMessage="Hello,This is 10.29.9.202 server";
out.print(showMessage);
%>
</html>
----------------------------
mkdir /opt/project

cd /opt/project
vi index.jsp
<html>
<title>
tomcat2 jsp
</title>
<%
String showMessage=" Hello,This is 10.29.9.203 server";
out.print(showMessage);
%>
</html>