mysql服务器的HA集群之corosync+drbd+pacemaker实现 上

通过HA实现服务器的高可用性，即通过corosync+drbd+pacemaker实现mysql服务器的高可用集群。

 

案例应用实现主要步骤：

一．准备工作：

二、DRBD安装配置步骤

三、mysql安装与配置

四、corosync+pacemaker的安装和配置 

五、集群管理

 

 

实现详细步骤：

一．准备工作：

1.1 修改node1.magedu.com主机名，IP地址和系统时间

[root@node1 ~]# hostname
node1.magedu.com
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=node1.magedu.com
[root@node1 ~]# hwclock -s
[root@node1 ~]# date
Tue Feb 7 20:24:22 CST 2012
[root@node1 ~]#
[root@node1 ~]# setup

[root@node1 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AE:83:D1
inet addr:192.168.101.81 Bcast:192.168.101.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

1.2 修改node2.magedu.com主机名，IP地址和系统时间

[root@node2 ~]# hostname
node2.magedu.com
[root@node2 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=node2.magedu.com
[root@node2 ~]# hwclock -s
[root@node2 ~]# date
Tue Feb 7 20:25:49 CST 2012
[root@node2 ~]#
[root@node2 ~]# setup

[root@node2 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:D1:D4:32
inet addr:192.168.101.82 Bcast:192.168.101.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

1.3 在node1和node2上配置hosts文件和ssh密钥信息
有利于以后在一个节点对另一节点直接操作。
1.3.1 在node1上修改/etc/hosts文件

[root@node1 ~]# echo "192.168.101.81 node1.magedu.com node1" >>/etc/hosts
[root@node1 ~]# echo "192.168.101.82 node2.magedu.com node2" >>/etc/hosts

1.3.1 在node1上修改/etc/hosts文件

[root@node2 ~]# echo "192.168.101.81 node1.magedu.com node1" >>/etc/hosts
[root@node2 ~]# echo "192.168.101.82 node2.magedu.com node2" >>/etc/hosts

1.3.3 在node1上配置ssh密钥信息

[root@node1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa #一直输入空格
[root@node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]

1.3.4 在node2上配置ssh密钥信息

[root@node2 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa #一直输入空格
[root@node2 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]
[root@node2 ~]# ssh node1 'ifconfig' #将看到node2上的信息
The authenticity of host 'node1 (192.168.101.81)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is d4:f1:06:3b:a0:81:fd:85:65:20:9e:a1:ee:46:a6:8b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'node1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:AE:83:D1
inet addr:192.168.101.81 Bcast:192.168.101.255 Mask:255.255.255.0

1.4 下载相关软件包：（这里我将下载的软件包放在/root/ha/下面了，共18个）

[root@node1 ~]# cd ha/
[root@node1 ha]#
cluster-glue-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm
cluster-glue-libs-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm
corosync-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm
corosynclib-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm
drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm
heartbeat-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm
heartbeat-libs-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm
kmod-drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i686.rpm
ldirectord-1.0.1-1.el5.i386.rpm
libesmtp-1.0.4-5.el5.i386.rpm
mysql-5.5.15-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz
openais-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm
openaislib-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm
pacemaker-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm
pacemaker-cts-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm
pacemaker-libs-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm
perl-TimeDate-1.16-5.el5.noarch.rpm
resource-agents-1.0.4-1.1.el5.i386.rpm
这里不需要ldirectord-1.0.1-1.el5.i386.rpm，故将其删除
[root@node1 ha]# rm ldirectord-1.0.1-1.el5.i386.rpm
rm: remove regular file `ldirectord-1.0.1-1.el5.i386.rpm'? y
[root@node1 ha]# ssh node2 'mkdir /root/ha'
[root@node1 ha]# scp *.rpm node2:/root/ha/#将相关软件包移动到node2上
[root@node1 ha]# scp *.rpm node2:/root/ha/
cluster-glue-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 265KB 265.0KB/s 00:00
cluster-glue-libs-1.0.6-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 130KB 130.1KB/s 00:00
corosync-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 166KB 166.1KB/s 00:00
corosynclib-1.2.7-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 155KB 154.8KB/s 00:00
drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm 100% 217KB 216.7KB/s 00:00
heartbeat-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm 100% 162KB 161.7KB/s 00:00
heartbeat-libs-3.0.3-2.3.el5.i386.rpm 100% 283KB 282.8KB/s 00:00
kmod-drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i686.rpm 100% 123KB 123.0KB/s 00:00
libesmtp-1.0.4-5.el5.i386.rpm 100% 59KB 59.0KB/s 00:00
openais-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 202KB 202.2KB/s 00:00
openaislib-1.1.3-1.6.el5.i386.rpm 100% 92KB 92.4KB/s 00:00
pacemaker-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 778KB 778.1KB/s 00:00
pacemaker-cts-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 203KB 203.1KB/s 00:00
pacemaker-libs-1.1.5-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 324KB 324.2KB/s 00:00
perl-TimeDate-1.16-5.el5.noarch.rpm 100% 32KB 32.1KB/s 00:00
resource-agents-1.0.4-1.1.el5.i386.rpm 100% 380KB 379.5KB/s 00:00
[root@node1 ha]# scp mysql-5.5.15-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz node2:/root/ha/
mysql-5.5.15-linux2.6-i686.tar.gz 100% 155MB 10.3MB/s 00:15

1.5 配置本地yum数据库

 

[root@node1 ha]#
[root@node1 ha]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom/
[root@node1 ha]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@node1 ha]# yum list all
[root@node1 ha]#
[root@node1 ha]# scp /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo node2:/etc/yum.repos.d/
server.repo 100% 647 0.6KB/s 00:00
[root@node1 ha]#
[root@node1 ha]# ssh node2 'mkdir /mnt/cdrom/'
[root@node1 ha]# ssh node2 'mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/'
[root@node1 ha]# ssh node2 'yum list all'

1.6 在node1上新增磁盘

[root@node1 ha]# cd
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
p/n/p//+1000M/p/w
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 1580 1702 987997+ 83 Linux
[root@node1 ~]# partprobe /dev/sda
[root@node1 ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name

8 0 20971520 sda
8 1 104391 sda1
8 2 10482412 sda2
8 3 2096482 sda3
8 4 987997 sda4
[root@node1 ~]#

1.7 在node2上新增磁盘

[root@node2 ha]# cd
[root@node2 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
[root@node2 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
p/n/p//+1000M/p/w
[root@node2 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1318 10482412+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 1319 1579 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 1580 1702 987997+ 83 Linux
[root@node2 ~]# partprobe /dev/sda
[root@node2 ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name

8 0 20971520 sda
8 1 104391 sda1
8 2 10482412 sda2
8 3 2096482 sda3
8 4 987997 sda4
[root@node2 ~]#

二、DRBD安装配置步骤

在node1和node2做以下操作：

我下载的软件包是：（我放在/root/ha/下了）

drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm 

kmod-drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i686.rpm

2.1、安装DRBD 套件

[root@node1 ~]# cd ha/
[root@node1 ha]# ls
[root@node1 ha]# yum localinstall -y drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm kmod-drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i686.rpm –nogpgcheck
...
Installed:
drbd83.i386 0:8.3.8-1.el5.centos kmod-drbd83.i686 0:8.3.8-1.el5.centos

Complete!
[root@node1 ha]# cd

[root@node2 ~]# cd ha/
[root@node2 ha]# ls
[root@node2 ha]# yum localinstall -y drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i386.rpm kmod-drbd83-8.3.8-1.el5.centos.i686.rpm –nogpgcheck
...
Installed:
drbd83.i386 0:8.3.8-1.el5.centos kmod-drbd83.i686 0:8.3.8-1.el5.centos

Complete!
[root@node2 ha]# cd

2.2、加载DRBD 模块

[root@node1 ~]# modprobe drbd
[root@node1 ~]# lsmod |grep drbd
drbd 228528 0
[root@node1 ~]#
[root@node1 ~]# ssh node2 'modprobe drbd'
[root@node1 ~]# ssh node2 'lsmod |grep drbd'
drbd 228528 0
[root@node1 ~]#

2.3、修改配置文件 

drbd.conf配置文件DRBD运行时,会读取一个配置文件/etc/drbd.conf.这个文件里描述了DRBD设备与硬盘分区的映射关系
2.3.1 在node1上以下配置

[root@node1 ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/drbd83-8.3.8/drbd.conf /etc/
cp: overwrite `/etc/drbd.conf'? y
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/drbd.conf
# You can find an example in /usr/share/doc/drbd.../drbd.conf.example

include "drbd.d/global_common.conf";
include "drbd.d/*.res";
[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/drbd.d/
[root@node1 drbd.d]# ll
total 4
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1418 Jun 4 2010 global_common.conf
[root@node1 drbd.d]# cp global_common.conf global_common.conf.bak
#修改全局配置文件（说明略）
[root@node1 drbd.d]# vim global_common.conf
global {
usage-count yes;
}
common {
protocol C;
handlers {
pri-on-incon-degr "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-pri-on-incon-degr.sh; /usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-reboot.sh; echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; reboot -f";
pri-lost-after-sb "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-pri-lost-after-sb.sh; /usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-reboot.sh; echo b > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; reboot -f";
local-io-error "/usr/lib/drbd/notify-io-error.sh; /usr/lib/drbd/notify-emergency-shutdown.sh; echo o > /proc/sysrq-trigger ; halt -f";
}
startup {
wfc-timeout 120;
degr-wfc-timeout 100;
}
disk {
on-io-error detach;
}
net {
cram-hmac-alg "sha1";
shared-secret "mydrbd123";
}
syncer {
rate 100M;
}
}
#修改资源配置文件（说明略）
[root@node1 drbd.d]# vim /etc/drbd.d/mysql.res

resource mysql {
on node1.magedu.com {
device /dev/drbd0;
disk /dev/sda4;
address 192.168.101.81:7898;
meta-disk internal;
}
on node2.magedu.com {
device /dev/drbd0;
disk /dev/sda4;
address 192.168.101.82:7898;
meta-disk internal;
}
}

2.3.2 复制配置到node2上：

[root@node1 drbd.d]# scp /etc/drbd.conf node2:/etc/
drbd.conf 100% 133 0.1KB/s 00:00
[root@node1 drbd.d]# scp /etc/drbd.d/* node2:/etc/drbd.d/
global_common.conf 100% 682 0.7KB/s 00:00
global_common.conf.bak 100% 1418 1.4KB/s 00:00
mysql.res 100% 468 0.5KB/s 00:00

2.4、 检测配置文件, 创建nfs 的资源 

//分别在node1和node2上初始化定义的mysql的资源 
//检测配置文件（两次执行如下命令)
在node1上：

[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbdadm adjust mysql
--== Thank you for participating in the global usage survey ==--
The server's response is:

0: Failure: (119) No valid meta-data signature found.

==> Use 'drbdadm create-md res' to initialize meta-data area. <==

Command 'drbdsetup 0 disk /dev/sda4 /dev/sda4 internal --set-defaults --create-device --on-io-error=detach' terminated with exit code 10

[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbdadm adjust mysql
drbdsetup 0 show:5: delay-probe-volume 0k => 0k out of range [4..1048576]k.
[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbdadm create-md mysql
Writing meta data...
initializing activity log
NOT initialized bitmap
New drbd meta data block successfully created.
[root@node1 drbd.d]# ll /dev/drbd0
brw-r----- 1 root disk 147, 0 Feb 7 20:44 /dev/drbd0
在node2上：
[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm create-md mysql

--== Thank you for participating in the global usage survey ==--
The server's response is:

Writing meta data...
initializing activity log
NOT initialized bitmap
New drbd meta data block successfully created.

[root@node2 ~]# ll /dev/drbd0
brw-rw---- 1 root root 147, 0 Feb 7 20:47 /dev/drbd0

2.5  启动DRBD服务，查看DRBD状态 

[root@node1 drbd.d]# service drbd start
Starting DRBD resources: [
mysql
Found valid meta data in the expected location, 1011703808 bytes into /dev/sda4.
d(mysql) s(mysql) n(mysql) ]......

[root@node2 ~]# service drbd start
Starting DRBD resources: [
mysql
Found valid meta data in the expected location, 1011703808 bytes into /dev/sda4.
d(mysql) s(mysql) n(mysql) ].

[root@node1 drbd.d]# service drbd status
drbd driver loaded OK; device status:
version: 8.3.8 (api:88/proto:86-94)
GIT-hash: d78846e52224fd00562f7c225bcc25b2d422321d build by [email protected], 2010-06-04 08:04:16
m:res cs ro ds p mounted fstype
0:mysql Connected Secondary/Secondary Inconsistent/Inconsistent C
[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbd-overview
0:mysql Connected Secondary/Secondary Inconsistent/Inconsistent C r----

[root@node2 ~]# service drbd status
drbd driver loaded OK; device status:
version: 8.3.8 (api:88/proto:86-94)
GIT-hash: d78846e52224fd00562f7c225bcc25b2d422321d build by [email protected], 2010-06-04 08:04:16
m:res cs ro ds p mounted fstype
0:mysql Connected Secondary/Secondary Inconsistent/Inconsistent C
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview
0:mysql Connected Secondary/Secondary Inconsistent/Inconsistent C r----

2.6  设置DRBD的主节点：

从上面的信息中可以看出此时两个节点均处于Secondary状态。于是，我们接下来需要将其中一个节点设置为Primary，这里将node1设置为主节点，故要在node1上执行如下命令：可以看到文件同步过程。

[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary mysql

[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbd-overview
0:mysql SyncSource Primary/Secondary UpToDate/Inconsistent C r----
[===>................] sync'ed: 23.6% (761048/987928)K delay_probe: 20
[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbd-overview
0:mysql SyncSource Primary/Secondary UpToDate/Inconsistent C r----
[========>...........] sync'ed: 47.6% (522296/987928)K delay_probe: 42
[root@node1 drbd.d]#
[root@node1 drbd.d]# drbd-overview
0:mysql Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r----
[root@node1 drbd.d]#
[root@node1 drbd.d]# cat /proc/drbd
version: 8.3.8 (api:88/proto:86-94)
GIT-hash: d78846e52224fd00562f7c225bcc25b2d422321d build by [email protected], 2010-06-04 08:04:16
0: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r----
ns:987928 nr:0 dw:0 dr:987928 al:0 bm:61 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:0
[root@node1 drbd.d]#


[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview
0:mysql SyncTarget Secondary/Primary Inconsistent/UpToDate C r----
[=====>..............] sync'ed: 32.7% (670680/987928)K queue_delay: 0.1 ms
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview
0:mysql SyncTarget Secondary/Primary Inconsistent/UpToDate C r----
[===========>........] sync'ed: 61.6% (384536/987928)K queue_delay: 11.6 ms
[root@node2 ~]#
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview
0:mysql Connected Secondary/Primary UpToDate/UpToDate C r----
[root@node2 ~]#
[root@node2 ~]# cat /proc/drbd
version: 8.3.8 (api:88/proto:86-94)
GIT-hash: d78846e52224fd00562f7c225bcc25b2d422321d build by [email protected], 2010-06-04 08:04:16
0: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Primary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r----
ns:0 nr:987928 dw:987928 dr:0 al:0 bm:61 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:b oos:0

注：Primary/Secondary 说明当前节点为主节点；Secondary/Primary 说明当前节点为从节点。使用：watch -n 1 'cat /proc/drbd'查看同步过程！
2.7 创建文件系统（只可以在primary节点上进行，这里在node1上创建） 

[root@node1 drbd.d]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/drbd0
[root@node1 drbd.d]# mkdir -pv /mnt/mysqldata
mkdir: created directory `/mnt/mysqldata'
[root@node1 drbd.d]# ssh node2 'mkdir -pv /mnt/mysqldata'
mkdir: created directory `/mnt/mysqldata'
[root@node1 drbd.d]# mount /dev/drbd0 /mnt/mysqldata/
[root@node1 drbd.d]#
[root@node1 drbd.d]# cd /mnt/mysqldata/
[root@node1 mysqldata]# ll
total 16
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Feb 7 21:26 lost+found
[root@node1 mysqldata]# echo "123" >f1
[root@node1 mysqldata]# touch f2
[root@node1 mysqldata]# ll
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4 Feb 7 21:28 f1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 7 21:28 f2
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Feb 7 21:26 lost+found
[root@node1 mysqldata]#

2.8将node2设置为primary节点 

[root@node1 mysqldata]# cd
[root@node1 ~]# umount /mnt/mysqldata/
[root@node1 ~]# drbdadm secondary mysql
[root@node1 ~]# drbd-overview
0:mysql Connected Secondary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r----
[root@node1 ~]#
将node2设置为primary节点
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview
0:mysql Connected Secondary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r----
[root@node2 ~]# drbdadm primary mysql
[root@node2 ~]# drbd-overview
0:mysql Connected Primary/Secondary UpToDate/UpToDate C r----
[root@node2 ~]# mount /dev/drbd0 /mnt/mysqldata/
[root@node2 ~]# cd /mnt/mysqldata/
[root@node2 mysqldata]# ll
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4 Feb 7 21:28 f1
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Feb 7 21:28 f2
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Feb 7 21:26 lost+found

此处看到在node1上创建的文件在这里都显示了，
最后将node2的/mnt/mysqldata/卸载
[root@node2 mysqldata]# cd 
[root@node2 ~]# umount /mnt/mysqldata/

至此DRBD配置成功！！！