rac-single data guard

一、环境
操作系统： Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga)
Primary数据库(rac)：
IP地址：172.168.1.206                   172.168.1.208
vip地址：172.168.1.116                  172.168.1.118
数据库SID：syk1                         syk2
DB_NAME：syk
数据、控制、日志文件放在 ASM

Standby数据库(单机)：
IP地址：172.168.1.222
数据库SID：syk
DB_NAME：syk
数据、控制、日志文件使用文件系统 /oradata

二、tnsnames.ora在rac和standby相同
SYK2 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-vip)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = syk)
      (INSTANCE_NAME = syk2)
    )
  )

SYK1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = syk)
      (INSTANCE_NAME = syk1)
    )
  )

SYK =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip)(PORT = 1521))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-vip)(PORT = 1521))
    (LOAD_BALANCE = yes)
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = syk)
    )
  )

SYK_SINGLE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.168.1.222)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = syk)
    )
  )

LISTENERS_SYK =
  (ADDRESS_LIST =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac1-vip)(PORT = 1521))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = rac2-vip)(PORT = 1521))
  )

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )
 
standby上的listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = syk)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = syk)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.168.1.222)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC0))
    )
  )

三、修改参数(在rac1上如下操作)

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/pfilesyk.ora' from spfile;
添加如下参数
*.db_unique_name='SYK'
*.service_names='syk_rac'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(syk,syk_single)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='syk'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=syk_single LGWR valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=syk_single'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.db_file_name_convert='/oradata/syk','+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile','/oradata/syk','+ASM_DATA/syk/tempfile'
*.log_file_name_convert='/oradata/syk','+ASM_DATA/syk/onlinelog','/oradata/syk','+ASM_RECOVER/syk/onlinelog'
syk1.fal_client='syk1'
syk2.fal_client='syk2'
*.fal_server='syk_single'
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='/home/oracle/archive/'

注意:*.db_unique_name='SYK'  不要改变db_unique_name的值，在参数文件里加上它(show parameter db_unique_name看到的)，
但是值不要改变
create spfile='+ASM_RECOVER/syk/spfilesyk.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/pfilesyk.ora';

也可以直接修改spfile，如下：

ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_UNIQUE_NAME=syk scope=spfile;
alter system set service_names='syk_rac'
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(syk,syk_single)' scope=both;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/archive/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='syk'
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=syk_single valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=syk_single'
alter system set db_file_name_convert='/oradata/syk','+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile','/oradata/syk','+ASM_DATA/syk/tempfile'
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/oradata/syk','+ASM_DATA/syk/onlinelog','/oradata/syk','+ASM_RECOVER/syk/onlinelog'
alter system set standby_file_management=auto
alter system set fal_server='syk_single'
alter system set syk1.fal_client='syk1'
alter system set syk2.fal_client='syk2'
alter system set STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST='/home/oracle/archive/'

根据上面修改standby库的参数(在standby上操作)
single上最后参数如下：
syk.__db_cache_size=134217728
syk.__java_pool_size=4194304
syk.__large_pool_size=4194304
syk.__shared_pool_size=67108864
syk.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/syk/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/syk/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/oradata/syk/control01.ctl','/oradata/syk/control02.ctl','/oradata/syk/control03.ctl'#Restore
Controlfile
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/syk/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_file_name_convert='+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile','/oradata/syk','+ASM_DATA/syk/tempfile','/oradata/syk'
*.db_name='syk'
*.db_unique_name='syk_single'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=sykXDB)'
*.fal_client='syk_single'
*.fal_server='syk1','syk2'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(syk,syk_single)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/home/oracle/archive VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=syk_single'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=syk1 LGWR valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=syk'
*.log_checkpoints_to_alert=TRUE
*.log_file_name_convert='+ASM_DATA/syk/onlinelog','/oradata/syk','+ASM_RECOVER/syk/onlinelog','/oradata/syk'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=71303168
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.service_names='syk_single'
*.sessions=335
*.sga_target=216006656
*.standby_archive_dest='/home/oracle/archive'
*.standby_file_management='auto'
*.thread=1
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/syk/udump'

四、rac上相关准备操作(rac1上操作)

强制日志
SQL> alter database force logging;

备份
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/dgbak/racdbfull%u_%s_%p';

生成standby上的控制文件
SQL> alter system archive log current;
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/standby-controlfile.ora';

把所有文件(上面生成的控制文件，备份文件)拷到standby相应目录下

五、启动standby到nomount下(standby上做操作)
生成密码文件和参数文件
orapwd file=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwpridb password=admin123
两个库的密码要相同，否则会有报错
create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfilesyk.ora';

六、创建standby库(rac1上操作)

rman target / auxiliary sys/admin123@SYK_SINGLE

duplicate target database for standby;

七、standby上做检查(在standby上做操作)

select open_mode from v$database
select name from v$datafile
select name from v$tempfile
select member from v$logfile

八、创建standby日志(rac上每thread有两组日志，那在这里要创建三组)(在standby上做操作)

alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 ('/oradata/syk/st_1_5.rdo') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 6 ('/oradata/syk/st_1_6.rdo') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 7 ('/oradata/syk/st_1_7.rdo') size 50m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 8 ('/oradata/syk/st_2_8.rdo') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 9 ('/oradata/syk/st_2_9.rdo') size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 10 ('/oradata/syk/st_2_10.rdo') size 50m;

确认日志
select member from v$logfile

九、开始应用，启动MRP(在standby上操作)

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

取消日志应用
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;

十、rac各个实例查看日志传送情况(每个实例上都检查)

SQL> select dest_name,status,error from v$archive_dest;

 

 

测试：
standby上做检查
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/syk/system.260.765584315
/oradata/syk/undotbs1.262.765584301
/oradata/syk/sysaux.265.765584299
/oradata/syk/users.267.765584315
/oradata/syk/undotbs2.261.765584301
/oradata/syk/moe.264.765584315
/oradata/syk/sunsyk.269.766200437

7 rows selected.

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
            51
           
rac1做检查
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
----------
MOUNTED

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/system.260.765584315
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/undotbs1.262.765584301
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/sysaux.265.765584299
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/users.267.765584315
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/undotbs2.261.765584301
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/moe.264.765584315
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/sunsyk.269.766200437

7 rows selected.

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
            51

standby上创建表空间
SQL> create tablespace test datafile '/oradata/syk/test01.dbf' size 1m;

Tablespace created.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oradata/syk/system.260.765584315
/oradata/syk/undotbs1.262.765584301
/oradata/syk/sysaux.265.765584299
/oradata/syk/users.267.765584315
/oradata/syk/undotbs2.261.765584301
/oradata/syk/moe.264.765584315
/oradata/syk/sunsyk.269.766200437
/oradata/syk/test01.dbf

8 rows selected.

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
            52
           
rac1上做检查，看是否同步过来
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/system.260.765584315
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/undotbs1.262.765584301
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/sysaux.265.765584299
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/users.267.765584315
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/undotbs2.261.765584301
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/moe.264.765584315
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/sunsyk.269.766200437
+ASM_DATA/syk/datafile/test.275.766246589

8 rows selected.

SQL> select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log;

MAX(SEQUENCE#)
--------------
            52
           
           
switchover
rac上只能在一个实例上操作，所以关闭rac2
一、rac2
SQL> shutdown immediate

二、rac1转成standby
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;

SQL> shutdown immediate

三、standby转成主库
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup

四、rac1添加standby日志
SQL> startup mount;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 5 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 6 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 7 size 50m;

alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 8 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 9 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 10 size 50m;
开始同步
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

测试同上。