网络高可用性
高可用性网络
Linux服务器方向：
例如:1.Linux双网卡绑定实现
2．服务器群集
网络设备（路由）方向：
例如:1.VRRP HSRP在企业网中的应用（用在LAN中）
2.浮动静态路由（WAN）
网络设备（链路）方向：
例如：1.standby interface备份中心 (WAN)
2.链路捆绑 (WAN)
3.链路聚合 (端口汇聚，用在LAN中)
WAN中高可用性网络
案例
1.浮动静态路由(链路质量不相等、优先级不等，ospf优先级为10，静态路由为60)
拓扑图：
路由器R1配置过程：
inter e0
ip add 192.168.1.100 24
inter s0
ip add 192.168.2.1 24
inter s1
ip add 192.168.3.1 24
ospf enable
inter e0
ospf enable area 0
inter s0
ospf enable area 0
ip route 192.168.4.0 24 192.168.3.2
路由器R2配置过程：
inter e0
ip add 192.168.4.100 24
inter s0
ip add 192.168.2.2 24
shut
undo shut(必须进行复位)
inter s1
ip add 192.168.3.2 24
shut
undo shut
ospf enable
inter e0
ospf enable area 0
inter s0
ospf enable area 0
ip route 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.3.1
客户端上测试：
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>tracert 192.168.4.200
Tracing route to 192.168.4.200 over a maximum of 30 hops
1
<1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.1.100
2
22 ms 22 ms 22 ms 192.168.3.2
3
27 ms 27 ms 27 ms 192.168.4.200
Trace complete.
关闭路由器R1的s0端口后
客户端上测试：
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>tracert 192.168.4.200
Tracing route to 192.168.4.200 over a maximum of 30 hops
1
<1 ms <1 ms <1 ms 192.168.1.100
2
22 ms 22 ms 22 ms 192.168.2.2
3
27 ms 27 ms 27 ms 192.168.4.200
Trace complete.
2.standby interface（链路质量相等、节省资金、按照流量计费）
拓扑图：
路由器R1配置过程：
inter e0
ip add 192.168.1.100 24
inter s0
ip add 192.168.2.1 24
inter s1
ip add 192.168.3.1 24
ip route 192.168.4.0 24 192.168.2.2
ip route 192.168.4.0 24 192.168.3.2
inter s0
standby inter s1
standby timer enable-delay 5
standby timer disable-delay 5
路由器R2配置过程：
inter e0
ip add 192.168.4.100 24
inter s0
ip add 192.168.2.2 24
shut
undo shut //必须进行复位
inter s1
ip add 192.168.3.2 24
shut
undo shut
ip route 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.2.1
ip route 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.3.1
inter s0
standby inter s1
standby timer enable-delay 5
standby timer disable-delay 5 //两路由器延迟保持一致
测试：
[R1-Serial0]dis ip rout
Routing Tables:
Destination/Mask Proto
Pref Metric Nexthop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.2.2 Serial0
192.168.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.2.2 Serial0
192.168.4.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.2.2 Serial0
关闭s0端口测试：
[R1-Serial0]dis ip rout
Routing Tables:
Destination/Mask Proto
Pref Metric Nexthop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.3.2 Serial1
192.168.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.3.2 Serial1
192.168.4.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.3.2 Serial1
3.链路捆绑(华为广域网封装默认是ppp，cisco默认是hdlc，把物理口变为虚拟口)
拓扑图：
路由器R1配置过程：
inter e0
ip add 192.168.1.100 24
inter s0
ip add 192.168.2.1 24
inter s1
ip add 192.168.3.1 24
inter virtual 1
ip add 192.168.5.1 24
inter s0
ppp mp inter virtual 1
ppp mp
//启用ppp的协商功能
inter s1
ppp mp inter virtual 1
ppp mp
ip route 192.168.4.0 24 192.168.5.2
路由器R2配置过程：
inter e0
ip add 192.168.4.100 24
inter s0
ip add 192.168.2.2 24
shut
undo shut //必须进行复位
inter s1
ip add 192.168.3.2 24
shut
undo shut
inter virtual 1
ip add 192.168.5.2 24
inter s0
ppp mp inter virtual 1
ppp mp
//启用ppp的协商功能
inter s1
ppp mp inter virtual 1
ppp mp
ip route 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.5.1
测试：
Router-Serial0]dis ip rout
Routing Tables:
Destination/Mask Proto
Pref Metric Nexthop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 192.168.5.1 Virtual-Template1
192.168.5.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.5.2 Virtual-Template1
192.168.5.1/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.5.2 Virtual-Template1
192.168.5.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
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