linux内核学习-readme.txt

Linux kl release 2.6.xxerne

they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
kernel, and what to do if something goes wrong.

WHAT IS LINUX?
 关于linux的简介

ON WHAT HARDWARE DOES IT RUN?
 Linux was first developed for 386/486-based PCs，These days it also
  runs on ARMs, DEC Alphas, SUN Sparcs, M68000 machines (like Atari and
  Amiga), MIPS and PowerPC, and others.
    机器硬件平台
 
DOCUMENTATION
 1. from Linux FTP site
 2. Documentation/ subdirectory
  See Documentation/00-INDEX for a list of what
  is contained in each file
 3. Documentation/DocBook/ subdirectory: contains several guides for
  kernel developers and users,After installation, "make psdocs", "make pdfdocs", or "make htmldocs"
  will render the documentation in the requested format.
 
 关于内核的参考文档
 
INSTALLING the kernel:
 1. put the kernel tarball in a directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
       unpack it:
  gzip -cd linux-2.6.XX.tar.gz | tar xvf -
  解压源文件
 2. Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:

  cd linux
  make mrproper

  You should now have the sources correctly installed.
  清旧的编译文件
  
 3. BUILD directory for the kernel:
   When compiling the kernel all output files will per default be
     stored together with the kernel source code.
     Using the option "make O=output/dir" allow you to specify an alternate
     place for the output files (including .config).
     Example:
    kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-2.6.N
    build directory:  /home/name/build/kernel

     To configure and build the kernel use:
     cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.N
     (1)make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
     (2)make O=/home/name/build/kernel
     (3)sudo make O=/home/name/build/kernel modules_install install

     Please note: If the 'O=output/dir' option is used then it must be
     used for all invocations of make.
    
  SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
   Compiling and running the 2.6.xx kernels requires up-to-date
   versions of various software packages.  Consult Documentation/Changes
   for the minimum version numbers required
   
   (1)CONFIGURING the kernel:
  "make menuconfig"  Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
  "make xconfig"     X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
  "make gconfig"     X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
  "make oldconfig"   Default all questions based on the contents of
     your existing ./.config file.   which will
     only ask you for the answers to new questions.
   (2)COMPILING the kernel:
   Do a "make" to create a compressed kernel image
   
   (3)boot your new kernel
    If you boot Linux from the hard drive, chances are you use LILO which
  uses the kernel image as specified in the file /etc/lilo.conf.
    Reinstalling LILO is usually a matter of running /sbin/lilo.
  You may wish to edit /etc/lilo.conf to specify an entry for your
  old kernel image (say, /vmlinux.old) in case the new one does not work
  
IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG
 1.- If you have problems that seem to be due to kernel bugs, please check
    the file MAINTAINERS to see if there is a particular person associated
    with the part of the kernel that you are having trouble with

 2.Alternately, you can use gdb on a running kernel.
  do "gdb vmlinux /proc/kcore". You can now use all the usual gdb commands