Packet Tracer 5.0建构CCNA实验攻略(13)――帧中继Frame Relay

Packet Tracer 5.0建构CCNA实验攻略(13)――帧中继Frame Relay

 

Packet Tracer 5.0是一款非常不错的Cisco(思科)网络设备模拟器，对于想考思科初级认证（如CCNA）的朋友们来说，Packet Tracer 5.0是非常不错的选择。通常我们周围并没有那么多思科的设备供我们学习调试，参加培训费用很贵，上机实践的机会还是有限的，利用Packet Tracer 5.0练习思科IOS操作命令很不错的。近日，在网上下载了思科CCNA640-802指导用书，打算根据此教程与诸位网友共同分享Packet Tracer 5.0的使用方法与技巧，也借此抛砖引玉。 　　帧中继是一种用于连接计算机系统的面向分组的通信方法。它主要用在公共或专用网上的局域网互联以及广域网连接。大多数公共电信局都提供帧中继服务，把它作为建立高性能的虚拟广域连接的一种途径。帧中继是进入带宽范围从56Kbps到1．544Mbps的广域分组交换网的用户接口。帧中继是从综合业务数字网中发展起来的，并在1984年推荐为国际电话电报咨询委员会（CCITT）的一项标准，另外，由美国国家标准协会授权的美国TIS标准委员会也对帧中继做了一些初步工作。 　　数据链路连接标识符（DLCI） 这个信息包含标识号，它标识多路复用到通道的逻辑连结。帧中继交换机将两端的DLCI关联起来，它是帧中继帧格式中地字段的一个重要部分之一，这是个6位标识，表示正在进行的客户和服务器之间的连接，用于RFCOMM 层。 帧中继使用DLCI来标识DTE和服务商交换机之间的虚电路。DLCI字段的长度一般为10bit，但也可扩展为16bit，前者用二字节地址字段，后者是三字节地址字段。23bit用四字节地址字段。DLCI值用于标识永久虚电路（PVC），呼叫控制或管理信息。DLCI只具有本地意义。 　　一、使用Packet Tracer 5.0构建帧中继仿真 　　添加三个2811路由器和一个云 图一 图二　给2811添加一个具有串口的模块 图三 图四　把路由器2811的串口与云的串口相连，路由器的串口为DTE 图五　实验拓扑图及IP地址、DLCI分配 　　二、配置Frame Relay 以Router2为例，其它两个路由器相似，＼＼后是人为添加的注释，在实际配置时不存在 Router>en　　　＼＼进入特权配置模式 Router#conf t　　＼＼进入全局配置模式 Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup　＼＼取消名称解析 Router(config)#hostname Router2　　＼＼配置路由器的名字 Router2(config)#int fa0/1　　　　　　＼＼进入接口配置模式 Router2(config-if)#ip address 172.18.1.1 255.255.255.0　　＼＼配置ip地址 Router2(config-if)#no shut　　＼＼激活端口 %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up Router2(config-if)#int serial0/3/0 Router2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay　　＼＼对串口serial0/3/0进行frame-relay封装 Router2(config-if)#no shut %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0, changed state to up Router2(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/0, changed state to up Router2(config-if)#interface serial0/3/0.1 point-to-point　　＼＼进入串口的子接口配置模式 %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0.1, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/0.1, changed state to upRouter2 (config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0   ＼＼为子接口配置IP地址 Router2(config-subif)#description Link Router1 DLCI 30　　＼＼为子接口添加描述 Router2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 40　　　　　＼＼配置DLCI Router2(config-subif)#interface serial0/3/0.2 point-to-point %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/3/0.2, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/3/0.2, changed state to upRouter2 (config-subif)#ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 Router2(config-subif)#description link to Router0 DLCI20 Router2(config-subif)#frame-relay interface-dlci 41 Router2(config-subif)#end %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Router2#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router2(config)#router eigrp 100　　　　　　＼＼在路由器上启用EIGRP路由协议 Router2(config-router)#network 172.18.0.0　　＼＼通告与自己直接想连的网段 Router2(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 Router2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 Router2(config-router)# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Router2#copy running-config startup-config　　＼＼保存配置 Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration... [OK] Router2# 路由器Router0的配置： Router0#sh running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 830 bytes ! version 12.4 no service password-encryption ! hostname Router0 ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh version 1 no ip domain-lookup ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/3/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay ! interface Serial0/3/0.1 point-to-point description Link to Router 2 ip address 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 20 ! interface Serial0/3/0.2 point-to-point description Link to Router1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 21 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router eigrp 100 network 172.16.0.0 network 192.168.3.0 network 192.168.2.0 auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end 路由器Router1的配置 Router1#sh running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 843 bytes ! version 12.4 no service password-encryption ! hostname Router1 ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh version 1 no ip domain-lookup ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.17.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/3/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay ! interface Serial0/3/0.1 point-to-point description link to Router2 DLCI40 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 30 ! interface Serial0/3/0.2 point-to-point description link to router0 DLCI21 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 31 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router eigrp 100 network 192.168.1.0 network 192.168.2.0 network 172.17.0.0 auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end 路由器Router2的配置 Router2#sh running-config Building configuration... Current configuration : 841 bytes ! version 12.4 no service password-encryption ! hostname Router2 ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh version 1 no ip domain-lookup ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface FastEthernet0/1 ip address 172.18.1.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ! interface Serial0/3/0 no ip address encapsulation frame-relay ! interface Serial0/3/0.1 point-to-point description Link Router1 DLCI 30 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 40 ! interface Serial0/3/0.2 point-to-point description link to Router0 DLCI20 ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 frame-relay interface-dlci 41 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! router eigrp 100 network 172.18.0.0 network 192.168.3.0 network 192.168.1.0 auto-summary ! ip classless ! ! ! ! ! line con 0 line vty 0 4 login ! ! end 路由器配置完毕后，还需要配置Cloud0。 图六　根据路由器的相关配置，给Cloud0的serial0配置DLCI及LMI类型 图七　根据路由器的相关配置，给Cloud0的serial1配置DLCI及LMI类型 图八　根据路由器的相关配置，给Cloud0的serial2配置DLCI及LMI类型 图九　根据路由器的相关配置，配置Cloud0的Frame Relay 　　三、配置各个计算机，并使用ping命令校验网络的连通性 pc0 PC>ipconfig IP Address......................: 172.16.1.2 Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway.................: 172.16.1.1 PC>ping 192.168.1.1 Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=141ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=143ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:     Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:     Minimum = 110ms, Maximum = 143ms, Average = 126ms PC>ping 192.168.2.2 Pinging 192.168.2.2 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=47ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 192.168.2.2:     Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:     Minimum = 47ms, Maximum = 63ms, Average = 58ms PC>ping 192.168.3.1 Pinging 192.168.3.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=109ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=93ms TTL=254 Reply from 192.168.3.1: bytes=32 time=94ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 192.168.3.1:     Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:     Minimum = 93ms, Maximum = 125ms, Average = 105ms PC>ping 172.17.1.1 Pinging 172.17.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=112ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=123ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.17.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 172.17.1.1:     Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:     Minimum = 110ms, Maximum = 123ms, Average = 113ms PC>ping 172.18.1.1 Pinging 172.18.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=140ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=109ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=110ms TTL=254 Reply from 172.18.1.1: bytes=32 time=125ms TTL=254 Ping statistics for 172.18.1.1:     Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:     Minimum = 109ms, Maximum = 140ms, Average = 121ms