使用Nginx+Passenger部署Ruby on Rails环境
本文介绍如何使用Nginx+Passenger来部署Ruby on Rails环境
本文使用的操作系统版本是CentOS6.5
1.安装ruby
wget http://cache.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/ruby-2.0.0-p594.tar.gz
mkdir -p /data/app_platform/ruby
tar -zxvf ruby-2.0.0-p594.tar.gz
cd ruby-2.0.0-p594
./configure --prefix=/data/app_platform/ruby
make
make install
ln -sf /data/app_platform/ruby/bin/* /usr/bin/
gem install rails
2.安装Nginx和Passenger
Passenger有两种方式安装，一种是standalone 方式即Passenger独立运行，然后通过Nginx将ruby相关请求转发到Passenger，另一种是与Nginx整合在一起安装，维护方便。这里选用第一种方式。
Passenger 4.0以上和Nginx 1.4以上可以整合到一起
wget http://s3.amazonaws.com/phusion-passenger/releases/passenger-4.0.57.tar.gz
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
useradd -r www -s /sbin/nologin
mkdir -p /data/app_platform/{nginx,passenger}
tar -zxvf passenger-4.0.57.tar.gz
mv -f passenger-4.0.57/* /data/app_platform/passenger
tar -zxvf nginx-1.4.4.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.4
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/data/app_platform/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-http_perl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --add-module=/data/app_platform/passenger/ext/nginx
make
make install
mkdir -p /data/app_platform/nginx/conf/conf.d/
3.配置Nginx
添加Nginx启动文件/etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/data/app_platform/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
sysconfig="/etc/sysconfig/$prog"
lockfile="/var/lock/subsys/nginx"
pidfile="/data/app_data/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/data/app_platform/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
[ -f $sysconfig ] && . $sysconfig
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $pidfile $prog
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest_q || return 6
stop
start
}
reload() {
configtest_q || return 6
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $pidfile $prog -HUP
echo
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
configtest_q() {
$nginx -t -q -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
# Upgrade the binary with no downtime.
upgrade() {
local oldbin_pidfile="${pidfile}.oldbin"
configtest_q || return 6
echo -n $"Upgrading $prog: "
killproc -p $pidfile $prog -USR2
retval=$?
sleep 1
if [[ -f ${oldbin_pidfile} && -f ${pidfile} ]]; then
killproc -p $oldbin_pidfile $prog -QUIT
success $"$prog online upgrade"
echo
return 0
else
failure $"$prog online upgrade"
echo
return 1
fi
}
# Tell nginx to reopen logs
reopen_logs() {
configtest_q || return 6
echo -n $"Reopening $prog logs: "
killproc -p $pidfile $prog -USR1
retval=$?
echo
return $retval
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest|reopen_logs)
$1
;;
force-reload|upgrade)
rh_status_q || exit 7
upgrade
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
status|status_q)
rh_$1
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 7
restart
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|configtest|status|force-reload|upgrade|restart|reopen_logs}"
exit 2
esac
Nginx主配置文件/data/app_platform/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
user www;
worker_processes 4;
error_log /data/app_data/nginx/logs/error.log error;
pid /data/app_data/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events {
use epoll;
worker_connections 10240;
}
http {
passenger_root /data/app_platform/passenger;
passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby;
passenger_max_pool_size 10;
passenger_debug_log_file /data/app_data/nginx/logs/passenger.log;
passenger_show_version_in_header on;
passenger_spawn_method smart;
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
server_tokens off;
keepalive_timeout 60;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 1 128k;# 4 32k
client_max_body_size 8m;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 60;
fastcgi_send_timeout 60;
fastcgi_read_timeout 60;
fastcgi_buffer_size 256k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 512k;#8 128
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 512k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 512k;
#fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 1 64k; #4 16
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
include /data/app_platform/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80 default;
server_name _;
return 403;
}
}
Nginx主配置文件关键部分就是这里，表明passenger是整合到Nginx中的。
passenger_root /data/app_platform/passenger; passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; passenger_max_pool_size 10; passenger_debug_log_file /data/app_data/nginx/logs/passenger.log; passenger_show_version_in_header on; passenger_spawn_method smart;
添加虚拟主机
server {
server_name xxx.com.cn;
access_log /data/app_data/nginx/logs/xxx.log main;
root /data/zmkm_app/zmkm/public/;
passenger_enabled on;
index index.html index.htm;
location /assets/LiveVideo.swf {
root /data/zmkm_app/zmkm/public/;
index index.html index.htm;
passenger_enabled on;
}
}
需要注意的如果虚拟主机制定的目录下需要Nginx处理ruby代码则需要加上passenger_enabled on;这条这令，并且location指定的内容还需要再次添加
参考文档：
http://guides.ruby-china.org/getting_started.html
http://rubyonrails.org/deploy/
https://www.phusionpassenger.com/
https://www.phusionpassenger.com/documentation/Users%20guide%20Nginx.html
https://github.com/phusion/passenger/wiki/Unicorn-vs-Phusion-Passenger